Seed price and planting method of cabbage

Cabbage is one of the most important vegetables in China, also known as lotus white, cabbage, cabbage and so on. It is an annual or biennial herb of Brassica cruciferae. All its varieties originate from the Mediterranean to the North Sea coast and are cultivated as vegetables or fodder in various parts of our country. Let's take a look at the seed prices and planting methods of cabbage.

How much is the cabbage seed per gram?

The price of cabbage seeds is about 2-4 yuan per gram, but the prices vary greatly due to the quality, variety, origin and market of cabbage seeds. Cabbage is propagated by seed sowing in production, which likes temperature and moist, sufficient light, cold tolerance and the ability to adapt to high temperature. the suitable temperature for growth is 15 ~ 20 ℃. If the succulent stem is enlarged at a high temperature above 30 ℃, the choice of soil is not very strict, but it is suitable for planting in humus-rich clay loam or sandy loam.

Sowing method of cabbage

1. Variety selection: early-maturing varieties with short growth period should be selected for cabbage planting, with a single ball weight of about 1 kg, and the harvest time is about 45 days after planting, which is more suitable for consumers' consumption habits and does not affect the sowing time of overwintering vegetables in the next stubble. such as the Dutch variety Switzerland and so on.

2. Fertilization in seedling bed: the formula of cabbage seedling bed soil is 6 parts of field soil and 4 parts of mature organic fertilizer, and 1 kg of ternary compound fertilizer, 80 grams of carbendazim and 100 grams of phoxim are added to every cubic meter of nutritious soil.

3. Sowing time: the temperature requirement of cabbage seedlings is not strict, but the temperature requirement of heading stage is very strict, which should be about 17 ℃, which is beneficial to the formation and growth of leaf balls, so the summer sowing time is about late July.

4. Sowing method: cabbage was planted in late July and filled with sufficient bottom water on the prepared seedbed, then the seeds were evenly sprinkled, covered with fine soil of about 1 cm, covered with film to moisturize, arched, and covered with sunshade net.

5. Film separation: when the cabbage seedlings are unearthed more than 70%, remove the plastic film in time to prevent roasting injury to the seedlings, when the seedlings grow to 2 leaves and 1 heart (about 10 days after sowing), the seedlings will be divided once, and the seedlings will survive in the evening or cloudy days, and the seedlings should be watered in the dark trench and thoroughly.

6. Seedling management: cabbage seedlings have strong stress resistance, but must do a good job in pest control and grass control. Pests include aphids, Plutella xylostella and Pieris rapae, which can be used alternately with Wanling and 1.8% avermectin. Because the seedling period is short, the medicine can be used twice according to the situation of the insects.

Planting methods of cabbage

1. Soil preparation and fertilization: it is appropriate to choose legumes or melons with non-cruciferous crops in the previous crop for cabbage planting, with 3000 kg of rotten organic fertilizer and 30 kg of N, P and K ternary compound fertilizer per mu, with a width of 1.2m, planting 2 rows and a plant spacing of 40 cm.

2. Reasonable close planting: cabbage seedlings with 6 or 8 true leaves of about 40 days old were planted in cloudy or sunny evening, 3000,500 seedlings per mu, about 3500 plants of Meimei No. 2 and Baosheng in autumn, and about 3000 plants of Huyue and Guanwang cultivated in winter.

3. Fertilizer and water management: after cabbage planting, squatting seedlings were ploughed in the middle, less fertilizer and water were used to promote underground growth, and after slow seedling, the soil was kept dry and wet, so as to expand the leaf assimilation area. The emphasis of topdressing was on the peak growth stage and heading stage of rosette leaves.

After the seedlings were planted, ① cabbage was fertilized with 0.3% urea and 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and ploughed to loosen the soil to weed.

② cabbage was topdressing once at the initial stage of rosette leaf growth, applying 10 kg urea per mu, and spraying 0.2% borax solution once.

③ cabbage was fertilized once in the peak growth period of rosette leaves, and 15 kg of ternary compound fertilizer was applied per mu.

④ cabbage was topdressing twice in the early and middle stages of heading, and 10 kg of ternary compound fertilizer was applied per mu.

In order to prevent dry heartburn in ⑤ cabbage planting, 0.7% calcium chloride can be sprayed 2 or 3 times during the heading period.

4. Appropriate harvest: cabbage leaf balls can be harvested in real time, and two outer leaves are retained during harvest to protect the leaf balls, so that the surface is clean, pest-free and crack-free. At the same time, the leaves are graded according to the size of the leaf balls according to the standard requirements of fresh-keeping processing and export.

Disease and pest control of cabbage

1. Downy mildew

Downy mildew is an important disease of cabbage, which is distributed all over the country and harms the leaves. When the disease is serious, the leaves turn yellow and die.

[control] before sowing, seeds can be treated with 50% thiram wettable powder of 0.4% seed weight or 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder, and sprayed with 80% mancozeb 600 times after planting.

2. Sudden collapse disease

[harm] there are two common symptoms: seedling death and quenching, which occurs before germination and emergence after sowing, and quenching occurs before the true leaves are unearthed after the seedlings are unearthed.

[prevention and treatment] immediately after the onset of the disease, the diseased seedlings were pulled out and sprayed with 25% metalaxyl wettable powder 800 times or 64% evil frost ·manganese zinc wettable powder 500 times or 72.2% chloramphenicol 500 times, once every 7 days for 2 times 3 times.

3. Sclerotinia disease

Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is an important disease of cabbage, which is widely distributed, obviously affects the yield and quality, and can harm the base of stem, leaf, leaf ball and seed pod.

[prevention and treatment] at the initial stage of the disease, 50% ammonium chloronitrate wettable powder 800 times, or 40% thiojuan carbendazim suspension 500 times, once every 10 days, 2-3 times in a row, focusing on the base of plant stem, old leaves and ground.

4. Black root disease

Black root disease is an important disease of cabbage, which is widely distributed and common, which significantly affects the yield and quality of cabbage.

[prevention and treatment] at the initial stage of the disease, 20% methylidophos 1000 times or 60% Duofu 500 times or 75% chlorothalonil or cupric ammonia mixture were sprayed once every 7 days for 2 times in a row.

5. Black spot

Black spot is a major disease of cabbage, which is widely distributed. The rate of diseased plants in the diseased field is about 30%, and when it is serious, it reaches 100%, which obviously affects the yield and quality.

[prevention and treatment] before or at the initial stage of the disease, 70% Dysen zinc wettable powder 400 × 500 times or 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder 500 times, once every 7 to 10 days, for 2 times in a row.

6. Soft rot

[harm] soft rot occurs everywhere, the disease site first showed infiltration translucent, and then the disease turned brown, soft rot, sunken, dirty white bacterial pus, slippery touch, foul smell.

[prevention and treatment] at the initial stage of the disease, 72% of agricultural streptomycin sulfate soluble powder was sprayed with 3000-4000 times liquid, or neophytomycin 4000 times liquid, or 14% complex ammonia copper solution 350x solution, once every 10 days, for 2 times in succession.

7. Black rot

Black rot mainly harms leaves, leaf bulbs or bulbs. Cotyledons become watery, and then quickly die or spread to true leaves.

[prevention and treatment] spraying 350 times of 14% ammonia copper solution or 600 times of 60% copper succinate ethyl phosphine aluminum wettable powder in time at the initial stage of the disease and during the susceptible period, once every 7 days and 3 times in a row.