How to grow gourd melon best?

Gourd melon, also known as kettle gourd, gourd, ladymelon, etc., is an annual climbing herb of Cucurbitaceae. It is widely cultivated all over China and widely cultivated in tropical to temperate regions of the world. It can be harvested and eaten as vegetables when it is not ripe. After drying, the old gourd can be hollowed out to hold things. Let's take a look at the best way to grow gourd.

Planting conditions of cucurbit melon

1. Temperature: cucurbit melon is a temperature-loving crop, the seeds begin to germinate at 15 ℃, the optimum growth temperature is 20: 25 ℃, the growth and development is hindered at 9: 10 ℃, the transpiration of 36-38 ℃ is too strong, and premature senescence is easy to occur.

2. Moisture: cucurbit melon has developed root system, strong water absorption capacity, luxuriant branches and luxuriant leaves, and large transpiration. It should be irrigated in time in case of drought, the most water is needed in flowering and fruiting stage, and the water content should not be too much in the later stage of fruit development to before harvest.

3. Light: cucurbit melon is resistant to weak light. In order to ensure high yield and high quality, open and sunny areas should be selected to affect the normal growth of melon seedlings and fruits.

4. Soil: cucurbit melon has strong adaptability and grows better in slightly acidic soil (pH 6.5-7). The yield is higher in sandy loam soil with good drainage.

Seedling raising techniques of cucurbit melon

1. Seed soaking: select varieties suitable for local cultivation, soak the seeds in 40 ℃ warm water for 12 hours, remove them, wrap them with gauze and shake them dry, and open the soaked sweet gourd seeds.

2. Sprouting: the cucurbit sawdust or sand container is padded with sterilized sawdust or sand and then covered with gauze. The soaked seeds are evenly placed on the gauze to promote germination. The temperature is controlled between 25 and 28 ℃.

3. Seedbed: 8 cm horse dung or crushed grass is padded at the bottom of the gourd seedling bed, covered with a layer of soil, pressed and flattened, and disinfected with 70% prednisone wettable powder.

4. Matching soil: the nutritive soil of cucurbit melon should select and sift the soil that has not used herbicides such as Pushter, Dousulfuron and so on, and then mix it with the screened mature farm manure at 7:3.

5. Sowing: the cucurbit melon nutrition bag is placed neatly on the seedling bed and watered sufficiently. Generally, the seeds are sown on April 5-10, and the buds of the seeds are put down, and water is watered once after the soil is covered.

Planting methods of cucurbit melon

1. Garden selection: Hulu melon had better choose Pingchuan and two depressions with good drainage and fertile soil, the hills with irrigation conditions can, corn, wheat, soybean stubble is better, avoid white melons, watermelons and other melons.

2. Soil preparation and fertilization: the cucurbit planting land is planted with top pulp and ridges in early spring, and the planting ridges are long ridges. 2500 kg of farm manure, 150kg of special fertilizer for vegetables or 150kg of sulfur compound fertilizer are used as base fertilizer per mu.

3. Timely planting: the plant distance of cucurbit melon is 0.67 meters, dig holes to plant a single seedling, water and fix roots, weed once with Ke Wuzhen before ploughing, spray butachlor once after soil preparation, and then transplant.

4. Fertilizer and water management: cucurbit melon topdressing is carried out according to soil fertility, combined with watering. Generally, 15 kg of soybean bran extract, 1.5 kg of biological phosphorus and 1.5 kg of biological potassium are applied per mu 6 days after transplantation, mixed dung and water, once every 7 to 10 days.

5. Pinching along the vine: there are two main vines in each gourd melon plant, and the directional soil can be cultivated once to make the melon seedlings tilt to the downwind direction. The first-order bifurcation begins to tip when it grows to three leaves, watch and pinch off the second-and third-order bifurcation, and the main vine pinches after August.

6. Artificial pollination: gourd melons usually do not blossom in the morning and rainy days, so they fork and tip every morning, and pollination begins at 16:00 in the afternoon. After the department, pollination can be stopped. Generally, there are 6 or 8 melons in the two main vines.

7. Timely harvest: gourd melons begin to be harvested gradually in early August. When the first crop melons grow to about 15-18 jin, they can be harvested with a sound from their fingernails. In principle, they can be harvested on the first day, peel off the melon on the second day, and then peel the melon strips. Do not cut the melon strips on rainy days.

Disease and pest control of cucurbit melon

1. Fusarium wilt

[harm] invading the root and the base of the stem vine, the leaves wilted seriously, the appearance of the first disease after flowering and bearing melon seemed to be lack of water, wilted obviously at noon, could recover sooner or later, the root became brown or rotted, and the affected part overflowed with amber gel.

[prevention and treatment] choose 50% carbendazim 500x diluent, 70% topiramine 600x diluent, fulvic acid 800x diluent, specific Huangweiling 1500 fold dilution, 50% dimethazone 500x diluent, methomyl 600x diluent or agricultural streptomycin and other root irrigation.

2. Anthrax

[harm] the spot of the initial disease is light yellow and nearly round, and the center of the later spot is ruptured. In severe cases, the leaves die, the petiole appears light brown stripes, the fruit is infected with light green water stains, and then the middle depression appears near round dark brown spots.

[prevention and treatment] choose 70% topiramate 600x diluent, 75% chlorothalonil 500x diluent, methomyl 600x diluent, carbendazim 1000 fold dilution, amido 1000 fold dilution, sulfur suspension 500x diluent cross spray control.

3. Aphids

[harm] the gourd leaves will deform and wrinkle and spread the virus, and its secretions can also induce coal fouling disease. If it is not prevented in time, it will soon affect the young leaves of the whole plant and most of the nearby plants.

[prevention and control] after finding a small number of aphids, you can squeeze with your hands, then rinse with water, and you can also apply soapy water, noodle soup or 1:50 tobacco water several times in a row.

4. Powdery mildew

[harm] the plum rain season is the high incidence period of powdery mildew, which begins to produce yellow spots on the leaves, and then expands and develops into round or oval spots, with a white powdery mildew layer on the surface.

[prevention and treatment] improve ventilation and light transmission conditions as far as possible, timely cut off diseased leaves of diseased plants, spray Bordeaux solution of 1 Vu1RU 100 to protect, and spray 50% carbendazim and other antimicrobial agents in the early stage of the disease.