How to plant ginseng seeds?

Ginseng, also known as ghost cover, god grass, soil essence, etc., is a perennial herb of Acanthopanax senticosus, likes cool and humid climate, and avoids strong light and high temperature. the soil is required to be brown forest soil with good drainage, loose, fertile, deep humus layer or mountain ash brown forest soil, which has very high cultivation value. Let's take a look at how to plant ginseng seeds.

Seed germination

1, germination site: ginseng seed germination site to select leeward to the sun, high dryness, good drainage, clear the topsoil, dig a good drainage ditch around, set aside the seed drying field, clip the windproof barrier.

2. Choose a budding box: place a sprouting box or bed frame on a flat site. The box is 40cm high and 90cm 100cm wide. The length depends on the number of seeds. Soil cultivation is used around the frame.

3. Germination substrate: there are pure sand, sand plus humus soil, pure humus soil and so on. Generally, pure sand is the best, and pure humus soil is the perishable species. In order to prevent seed decay, carbendazim with 1% sand weight can be used to disinfect.

4. Seed soaking box: in order to make the dry seeds fully absorb water before treatment, soak the seeds with tap water for 1 day and night, remove them and dry them slightly, then use the sieved matrix to mix well according to the proportion of 1 part of the seed and 3 parts of the substrate, and put them into the box.

Seed sowing

1. Sowing time: generally sowing germinated seeds in April or fresh seeds (water seeds) just harvested in summer, or sowing in autumn until the soil freezes. After sowing, the seeds can not emerge until spring after summer, autumn and winter.

2. Sowing method: before sowing, the soil is prepared to make the bed, which is 23-33 li high, 126-133 cm wide and 2-2.66 cm wide. Use sowing, 0.5 grams per square centimeter, covering soil 3-4 cm after sowing, often keep the soil moist, about emergence in early May.

Seedling transplanting

The main results are as follows: 1. transplanting time: ginseng can be planted in spring and autumn, usually from late March to early April, when the soil is thawed and before bud germination, ginseng seedlings germinate late and grow poorly after transplanting. Autumn planting is generally planted in early October to early November, and the aboveground parts can be withered to the ground before freezing in autumn. the time can be later, not too early, the seedlings are not fully dormant, the ground temperature is high, and there are rotten seedlings with injury and heat.

2. Ginseng seedling treatment: ginseng seedlings are divided into 3 and 4 grades according to their size, so that they can be planted and managed respectively. All ginseng seedlings are soaked in 1RV 100 Bordeaux solution for 10 minutes. Do not soak into bud when soaking. After taking out disinfectant, you can plant ginseng seedlings slightly, or spray ginseng seedlings with 400 times Desen zinc solution to wet through ginseng seedlings.

3. Transplanting method: try to shorten the time when transplanting ginseng, do not make the ginseng plant dry after losing water, and plant with the Reed head up. The seedlings have been growing for 2 ~ 3 years, and the shady and sunny sides have been formed. Do not reverse them when transplanting, otherwise it will affect the seedling growth. Cover the Reed head to shoulder with half a handful of river sand before covering the soil, and then take a small amount of soil to press the root tip. After that, take the soil with the transplanting board to cover all the seedlings tightly.

Field management

1. Loosening soil: ginseng should loosen the topsoil and increase the soil temperature after thawing in spring. Loosening soil and weeding should be carried out 3 or 4 times a year, usually from early April to early May, June and August, over-wet and dry land and abnormal rainfall years. Increase the number of soil loosening.

2. Shading: ginseng is afraid of strong light exposure. When more than half of ginseng seedlings are unearthed from mid-April to early May, they can be covered with shelves and curtains to make shading sheds. The specification of the shading shed depends on the age of the ginseng covered, the local climatic conditions and the topographic conditions.

3. Regulating the sun: ginseng uses fresh branches with leaves to be inserted on the front eaves and sides of the shade shed in the middle of summer, or hang the branches on the edge of the eaves of the shade shed, or hang them on the front eaves with straw and reeds to turn the strong light into sparse light into the shade canopy.

4. Picking buds: ginseng blossoms and bears fruit after growing for 3 years. Except for leaving seeds, all buds are removed on a sunny day around the middle of May. In the early stage of flowering, the buds in the middle of inflorescence were thinned.

5. Seed collection: ginseng begins to blossom and bear fruit at 3 years old, and ginseng fruit ripens one after another. the peel and pulp should be picked along with ripening, and the peel and pulp should be scrubbed off. The washed seeds can be used for water seed sowing if they are not dried and stored in the shade. Sunlight exposure will reduce the budding rate.

6. Overwintering: when ginseng stems and leaves are nearly withered before and after "Frosts Descent", they are cut off by rhizosphere ginseng plants and transported out of the ginseng garden covered with grass in the garden, covered with grass or old grass curtains on the border or shaved with soil in the work path to cover it about 5 to 8 centimeters.

7. Harvest: ginseng can be harvested in 4-6 years. Harvest is generally carried out at the end of autumn when the aboveground plants turn yellow before and after "Frosts Descent". To avoid the phenomenon of few beards and broken roots, the dug is shaken off and transported back to the soil immediately and processed in time to prevent drying or mildew.