How to plant plantain seed?

Plantago lanceolata, also known as Plantago asiatica, Plantago asiatica and so on, is the dry mature seed of Plantago asiatica or Plantago asiatica, which is widely distributed in all parts of our country. It is often born in grasslands, beaches, ditches, meadows, fields and roadsides, and its young plants are edible. The whole plant has the effects of diuresis, heat-clearing, eyesight and expectoration. Let's take a look at how to plant plantain seeds.

Sowing at the right time

The suitable sowing time of plantain seed is late July, and the seedling bed should be under the scaffolding of melons and yams. The amount of seed used in the field is 40g / mu and 50g / mu, and the seedbed area is 10 square meters. After leveling the seedling bed, pour through the water, mix the seeds with fine sand evenly, cover the fine soil thinly after sowing, and then cover the seedlings with wet straw to keep moisture. Remove the cover grass after 60% emergence, and then cover it with a shade net to cool and moisturize the seedlings. The seedlings were 30-35 days old, and 4-5 strong seedlings with fully spreading leaves were cultivated.

Apply sufficient base fertilizer

At the mouth of plantain stubble, it is appropriate to select the free land after early symbiotic peanut and autumn soybean harvest or autumn idle field after early rice harvest, and apply 2000 kg of cattle and pigs manure per mu plus 40kg 50 kg of boron compound fertilizer or 1 kg of borax as base fertilizer, ploughing, raking and leveling the land to make a border with a width of 1.2 meters and no limit in length. The ditch is 30 cm wide and 20 cm deep. It needs irrigation when it is dry in autumn and winter and drained when it is rainy in spring and summer.

Timely transplanting

The suitable transplanting period of Plantago asiatica was from late August to early September. Before transplanting, 150g of dimethamine per mu was sprayed with 50 kg of water and wet topsoil to control weeds, and it was transplanted in the afternoon on a cloudy day before White Dew, with 4 rows of soil and 20 cm in specification, one strong seedling with soil per hole, 8500,000 seedlings per mu, and 0.2% fixed root water containing urea after planting. The next day after planting, if there is a sunny day and drought, horse water should be irrigated in the evening to make the border drenched.

Timely topdressing

The first topdressing of plantain seed was carried out 7 days after frost, with 5 kg of urea per mu, 1000 kg of water, and the second time after 10 days (same amount as before). About 25 days after planting, 100-150 grams of borax and 150 grams of methamidophos were foliar sprayed on 50 kilograms of water to promote spike flower differentiation and prevent aphids from harm. Before and after October 1, it is required that the height is more than 20 cm, and the leaf width is more than 10 cm. Each plant has about 10 large leaves, so as to promote the growth of multiple spikes and lay a good foundation for high yield.

Harvest and processing

1. Seed harvest: the lower fruit shell of plantain seed ear is light brown at first, the middle fruit shell is yellow at the beginning, and the upper fruit can be harvested when the upper fruit has been harvested. It should be harvested in the morning or cloudy day, and the seeds should be stored in a dry place after drying.

2. Whole-grass harvest: plantain seeds can be harvested as vegetables when the seedlings grow to 6-7 leaves 13-17 cm high, and the whole grass can be harvested when the ear is as long as the leaves and the final flowering stage before the late vigorous growth and heading stage.

Pest control

1. Powdery mildew

[harm] A layer of gray-white powder appeared on the surface or back of the leaf, and finally the leaf withered and died.

[prevention and treatment] at the initial stage of the disease, 50% methyl topiramate was sprayed with 1000 times solution.

2. Aphids

[harm] damage to the leaves of the plant, resulting in reduced yield.

[prevention and control] spray with 1500 times of imidacloprid wettable powder has a good effect.

3. Ear blight

[harm] the ear was gradually infected with black-brown necrosis from top to bottom, which directly affected the yield and quality of plantain.

[prevention and control] 4 packets of 40% torch wettable powder or 80% allicin and Opian were used alternately in March and April.