Culture method of perfume lily bulb

Seed selection

In perfume lily culture, most of them choose seed ball culture. In the selection of perfume lily bulbs, consider the survival rate, need to choose some surface intact bulbs. After choosing a good perfume lily seed ball, you need to plant it as soon as possible to avoid rot. However, the bought perfume lily seed ball can not be directly put into the soil, we need to put the perfume lily seed ball into a specific disinfection solution to soak for a while, rinse with clean water and dry before planting.

Temperature and moisture

The cultivation of perfume lilies should pay attention to temperature and humidity. Perfume lilies like warm and humid places, which can only grow normally above 16 to 24 degrees Celsius, and if the temperature is not suitable, perfume lilies will stop growing. In addition, when watering perfume lilies, you only need to keep the soil moist, too much moisture will cause the roots of perfume lilies to rot.

Light

Perfume lily likes light, in terms of light, choosing the place with more light is beneficial to plant growth. However, perfume lilies have different requirements for light in different periods. During the growth stage of perfume lilies, plenty of sunlight is needed. However, it is necessary to shade the perfume lily during the bud period, too high temperature and strong light will not be conducive to the growth of the bud.

Soil

Perfume lilies need to be planted in areas where the soil is fertile and breathable, and have a high demand for nitrogen and potassium in the soil. You need to choose a suitable place when planting. If there are not enough nutrients in the soil, fertilizer should be applied to promote the growth of perfume lilies.

Perfume Lily is not only beautiful in appearance, but also has many other functions. It is a player with both talent and appearance.

Asexual culture of lily bulbs, scientific name (Lilium brownii var. Viridulum Baker), also known as Qiangshu, Mussel, Shandan, inverted Immortal, Chongmai, Atrium, Moro, heavy Box, Zhongfeng Flower, Lily garlic, Dafu garlic, garlic brain Potato, Night Lilium, etc., is a perennial herbaceous bulbous plant of the genus Liliaceae (scientific name: Lilium), native to China, mainly distributed in eastern Asia, Europe, North America and other temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. In recent years, there are many new varieties produced by artificial hybridization, such as Asian lily, perfume lily, fire lily and so on. The bulb is rich in starch, edible and used as medicine.

Asexual culture of lily bulbs (1) Natural culture of bulbs: natural division of female bulbs into a single bulb (2mur5 bulbs, each containing a growing point), planted in the field for one year, can grow into larger new bulbs, and then planted and cultured again and again, so that the standard bulbs can be obtained. The disadvantage of this method is that the number increases slowly, the amount of seed used is large, the disease and variety degradation are serious, and the breeding time is shortened, and the seed ball can be obtained in 1-2 years. (2) bulb (bulb) culture: small bulbs are planted in the field, and larger bulbs can be formed after several years of cultivation. The culture coefficient of this method is larger (for example, a musk lily has dozens of bulbs), and the plant is strong after emergence, but the cultivation time is longer than that of bulb culture. (3) scale culture: ① selected strong and disease-free plants and collected bulbs when the leaves began to turn yellow (it is suitable for larger individuals). ② carefully peeled off the robust scales one by one and soaked them in 1 lug 500 carbendazim or carbendan solution for 30 minutes. Dry cuttings were put into the matrix 1 to 2mer 2 to 3 (the same as before) and placed in the shade after spraying water. ③ cuttings in September, and several bulbs can be formed on each scale in November. ④ the following spring, the small bulbs took root, produced leaves, and formed larger bulb new individuals. After several years of continuous cultivation, the seed ball was obtained. (4) bulbous culture: purple-black bulbs can grow in the axils of stem nodes and leaves of some varieties, such as lilies and yellowish lilies. The bulb is composed of several thick scales, which can naturally take root and grow leaves in the soil and form small plants. its effect is roughly the same as that of bulb and bulb culture. (5) Cuttage culture of stems and leaves: stem culture is a new method of breeding bulbs, which is carried out by making use of the characteristics that lily branches can survive after cutting, form new plants and regenerate bulbs. Select the sterile twigs that grew in the same year (preferably close to the ground), cut into 10ml 13cm segments, soak the base 4ml 5cm in 0.01% indole acetic acid or 0.005% naphthalene acetic acid water for 10 minutes, and cut into the nutrition bowl of the seedling bed. The seedbed should be leeward, sunny, warm, well drained and made of sand. The cultivated soil in the nutrition bowl is composed of four parts of pastoral soil, four parts of fully ripened fine compost and two parts of river sand. After planting, we should pay attention to shading, watering, keep the soil moist, the temperature 20-30 ℃, 8 days can produce callus, 20 days later can take root, the rooting rate can reach more than 96%. It can be transferred to the field for cultivation after 30 days. The experimental results show that a cuttage can produce 7 bulbs with a diameter of 2mm and 5cm, some of which can reach more than 10, and the harvested bulbs can be used for field cultivation. In addition, small bulbs can also be obtained by operating the upper leaves of lilies according to the above method, but this method is generally not used. What about perfume lilies? breeding methods of perfume lilies

Perfume lilies like warm, moist and sunny environments. More resistant to cold, afraid of high temperature and humidity. The suitable temperature for the growth of perfume lily is 1525 ℃, the temperature is lower than 10 ℃, the growth is slow, the temperature is more than 30 ℃, the growth is poor. In the process of growth, the temperature of 21: 23 ℃ in daytime and 15: 17 ℃ at night was the best. The bulbs that promote cultivation must be stored at 7: 10 ℃ for 4 to 6 weeks. The water requirement of lily is moist, which is beneficial to the growth of stems and leaves. If the soil is too wet, stagnant water or poor drainage, the lily bulbs will rot and die. Watering of potted lilies should be gradually increased with the growth of plants, sufficient water supply should be provided during flowering, water should be reduced after flowering, and watering should be stopped after aboveground parts withered. The basin soil is too wet, which also causes the bulb to rot.

Culture methods of perfume lilies

The main results are as follows: 1. Soil: perfume lily likes fertile soil, humus is deep, hard clay is the most avoid; slightly acidic soil with good drainage is better, and the soil pH value is 5.5-6.5.

2. Watering: watering only needs to keep the basin soil moist, and the basin soil should not be too wet, otherwise the bulbs are easy to rot.

3. Illumination: potted lilies have different requirements for light intensity in different growth periods, and shading treatment should be carried out in the bud stage, such as proper shading when the leaf temperature is too high, and in other growth periods, it is necessary to strengthen light, especially in the flower development period: perfume lilies grow and bloom at 16 ℃ and 24 ℃, and the growth is almost stopped below 5 ℃ or above 30 ℃. Growth stagnates when it exceeds 25 ℃. If the night temperature in winter is lower than 5 ℃ and lasts for 5-7 days, flower bud differentiation and bud development will be seriously affected, and flowering will be delayed or even blind flowers and flower cracks will be delayed.

4. Fertilization: lilies need more nitrogen and potassium fertilizer, and should be applied every 10 to 15 days during the growing period, while the supply of phosphate fertilizer should be limited, because too much phosphate fertilizer will lead to withered and yellow leaves. (additional phosphate fertilizer can be applied for 1 to 2 days at flowering stage)

5. Diseases and insect pests:

(1) Botrytis cinerea: control with 500 times solution of carbendan, topazine and Dysen zinc.

(2) Rhizoctonia solani: soak in 500 times Fumison solution or 40% formaldehyde 50 times solution before planting hot agricultural investment promotion net 15.

(3) Root rot: the diseased plant needs to be removed and then disinfected with dimethazone soil.

(4) pests: aphids, mites, grubs and ground tigers should be controlled with omethoate, dicofol and poison bait.

6. Pruning: in order to enrich the bulb, the lily after flowering can be cut off from the root to reduce nutrient consumption, because flowering has consumed a lot of nutrients of the ball. If you want to keep the ball, you should continue to fertilize and replenish the ball. After a month, you can dig out the ball, cut the whisker root, put it in the refrigerator for a period of time, break dormancy and plant it later, but the quality of the flower will decline.

Matters needing attention in the culture of perfume lilies

1. Florescence control: perfume lilies should blossom in early February of the following year in November. The bulbs were first treated with 13 ℃ for 2 weeks (14 days), and then treated with 3 ℃ for 5 weeks (28 ℃ for 36 days), so that they could blossom in 11-12 months. If it is required to blossom in 1 ℃-2 months, it can be treated for 2 weeks at 13 ℃ and 5 weeks at 8 ℃ (36 days at 28 Mel). At this time, the temperature at night is relatively low after planting, and the temperature should be kept at about 15 ℃.

2, bud elimination treatment: Lily in the promotion cultivation, when the flower bud grows to 1ml / m 2cm, such as lack of light, bud elimination is easy to occur. Bud elimination often occurs from the end of October to the middle of March of the following year, and artificial lighting can be used to fill the light by hanging a 40-watt high-pressure sodium lamp or ordinary waterproof incandescent lamp every 8 murals of 10 square meters. Under the condition of 16 ℃, the light was maintained for about 6 weeks, and it was very effective to prevent bud loss, early flowering and improve the quality of cut flowers from 8: 00 at night to 4: 00 the next morning.

3. The plant is too long: perfume lilies turn the flowerpot once a week during the growing period. Otherwise, the plant is easy to be too long, affecting the appearance.

Propagation methods of perfume lilies 1. Bulb culture method

This method is suitable for varieties that produce bulbs, such as lilac varieties and so on. Mature bulbs were harvested in summer. From late September to early October, sowing ditches deep in 4cm were opened according to row spacing of 12~15cm. One bead per 4~6cm was sown in the ditch, and the soil was covered with 3cm after sowing. Cultivate soil and cover grass with plastic film before freezing to facilitate safe overwintering. When the seedlings emerged in the spring of the second year, the covered grass and film were removed, the weeds were ploughed and weeded, and the seedlings were fertilized and watered properly to promote the vigorous growth of seedlings. After the shoot withered in autumn, the bulbs were dug up, then sowed according to row spacing 30cm and plant spacing 9~12cm, and the soil thickness was about 6cm. According to the management method of the previous year, the bulbs of standard size could be harvested in autumn, and some of the bulbs that did not reach the standard could continue to be cultivated.

2. Bulblet cultivation method

This method is suitable for varieties that produce bulbs, such as Tianxiang lily varieties. When the large edible bulbs are dug up in autumn, the small bulbs in the soil are collected and sown according to the bulb cultivation method. Because the small bulb is larger than the bulb, the sowing distance should be slightly larger than that of the bulb. After one year of cultivation, most of the small bulbs can meet the bulb standard, and the smaller bulbs can continue to be cultivated.

3. Scale cuttage culture method

The well-developed scales were selected from the fully mature bulbs in autumn or spring, and the scales were cut off from the base with a sharp knife. 30min was soaked in 500-fold carbendazim solution for sterilization, dried and then planted in the seedbed of sandy loam. When the scale is inserted, the base is downward, and the depth of the scale is up to 1: 2, 2: 2, 3, with a distance of 4~5cm. Shade immediately after insertion, often watering to keep the soil water holding capacity of 75%, but the bed soil should not be too wet to prevent scales from rotting. Generally, after 15-20 days of insertion, 1-2 germ balls grow from the incision at the lower end of the scale, and then take root and long leaves, fertilize and water at the right time to promote growth. Small bulbs the size of corn kernels can be formed in autumn, and the bulb standard can be reached by digging and replanting according to the bulb cultivation method for one year.

4. Core cultivation method

This method is suitable for single-headed bulb varieties. Strict selection was made when collecting lilies in autumn, lilies with diseased, weak and abnormal flesh color were eliminated, the well-developed lilies were selected, the middle and outer scales of the bulbs were peeled off for listing or processing, and the lily cores and root plates with thick thumbs were used as seed bulbs. The seed ball standard can be achieved after being cultivated in the seedling bed for one year.

5. Seed cultivation method

This method is suitable for varieties that can blossom and bear fruit and produce seeds, such as Lundan, Shandan and so on. The mature seeds collected in autumn are immediately sown in the soil of the seedling bed. The seedbed soil was mixed with 4 portions of middle vegetable garden soil plus 4 portions of fully ripened and finely crushed compost and 2 portions of fine sand, spread flat on the seedbed, about 10cm thick. After sowing, cover the fine soil 3cm, then cover the grass with plastic film. If you choose the sowing method in autumn, the seeds can root first in winter, and the seedlings will emerge early and grow fast in the next spring. Do not delay sowing until the second spring, otherwise the seedlings will emerge very late and the germination rate will be low. After spring emergence, remove the film and grass, carry out inter-seedling, use logistics ploughing and weeding, timely topdressing and promote growth. When the bulb harvested in autumn is very small, it must be cultivated for 4 years and 5 years before it can be used as a seed.