Seed price and planting method of potato

Potato is the fourth most important food crop in the world, the scientific name is potato, also known as potato, ground egg, potato, etc., is a perennial herb of Solanaceae, native to the Andes of South America, tuber is edible, and wheat, rice, corn, sorghum and become the world's five major crops, let's take a look at potato seed prices and planting methods!

How much is the potato seed per jin?

The price of potato seeds is about 1-2 yuan per jin, but the price varies greatly due to the quality, variety, origin and market of potato seeds. Potatoes have been introduced into China for only more than 300 years, but there are many varieties, such as purple, red, black, yellow potatoes, colorful potatoes and so on. At the same time, China is also the country with the largest total potato production in the world. The main producing areas are Dingxi City, Gansu Province, Guyuan City, Ningxia, Southwest, Inner Mongolia and Northeast China.

The growth cycle of potatoes

1. Dormancy period: potatoes are put in an environment suitable for germination after harvest and cannot germinate for a long time, which belongs to physiological natural dormancy, and its time is related to the storage of tubers and whether seedlings can emerge in time after sowing, so it is related to the level of yield.

2. Germination period: potato germinates from germination to emergence, and the first part of the main stem is grown. The growth of the germination period focuses on the elongation of buds, rooting and the formation of stolons. Nutrition and water mainly depend on seed potatoes, which are supplied according to the order of stems, leaves and roots.

3. Seedling stage: the potato grows from emergence to the sixth or eighth leaf, that is, the growth of the first leaf sequence is the second growth of the main stem and the seedling stage of the potato. The time of the seedling stage is relatively short, no matter the spring or autumn cropping is only half a month.

4. The sprouting stage: the potato develops from the group plant to the twelfth or sixteenth leaf, the early-maturing variety blossoms in the first inflorescence and the late-maturing variety blossoms in the second inflorescence, which is the sprouting stage of the potato, which lasts about one month, which is the growth of the third section of the main stem.

5. Tuber-forming stage: after the completion of the potato growth stage, the potato enters the tuber-forming stage, and the organic nutrients of each part of the plant are continuously transported to the tuber, and the tuber expands faster, especially in the 10 days after flowering, which is generally 30-50 days.

The sowing method of potatoes

The main results are as follows: 1. Choose field: potato has strong adaptability, the requirement for soil is mainly loose, the requirement for soil acidity and alkalinity is not strict, and the range of PH5.0~8.0 is all fine. it is suitable to choose sandy soil or loam with high topography, loose soil, deep soil layer, convenient drainage and irrigation and fertile loam.

2. Select improved varieties: virus-free varieties with early maturity, high yield and disease resistance should be selected in potato planting. Seed potato requires neat shape, moderate size, smooth and delicate epidermis, distinct bud roots, intact potato pieces, no diseases and insect pests, and frostbite-free mature potato. The appropriate size is 25 to 50 grams.

3. Seed treatment: when planting potatoes, first put the seed potatoes in the sun for 2-3 days, 3-4 hours a day, remove diseased potatoes, bad potatoes, large seed potatoes should be cut into pieces, and then evenly mix seeds with plant ash and 48% methyl topiramate or carbendazim to promote incision healing and disinfection.

4. Soil preparation and fertilization: before sowing, potatoes were fertilized with 3000kg / mu mature farm manure, 25kg diammonium phosphate, 20kg urea, 15kg potassium sulfate, 1.5kg zinc sulfate or 50kg ammonium bicarbonate, 50kg calcium superphosphate and 25kg potassium sulfate.

5. Sowing at the right time: potatoes can generally be sowed when the ground temperature is stable at 3: 5 ℃ in the first and middle of March, and then cover the border with plastic film, compacting the plastic film with fine soil and pressing a piece of soil every 2-3 meters, so as to prevent the plastic film from being damaged by the wind and affect the heat preservation effect.

The planting method of potatoes

1. Scientific release of seedlings: potato seedlings grow out of 1 or 2 leaves and can be released when there is no cold wave. Draw a cross at the place of the seedlings to draw the seedlings out of the film, and then grab a handful of fine soil to seal the plastic film around the seedlings in order to keep warm and preserve moisture.

2. Fertilizer and water management: potatoes should be ploughed and weeded in time after finishing seedlings, and foliar potassium dihydrogen phosphate or micro-fertilizer should be sprayed twice at flowering stage to supplement phosphate, potassium and trace elements. When buds have been formed and inflorescences are extracted, they should be removed in time.

3, the combination of promotion and control: the overgrowth of the aboveground part of the potato will affect the expansion of the underground tuber. attention should be paid to controlling the crazy growth of the aboveground part, using 50 grams of 15% paclobutrazol wettable powder per mu and 45 kg uniform foliar spray with water.

4. timely harvest: the fields sold as vegetables should seize the opportunity of early listing and high value, and should be harvested and sold as early as possible after flowering, although the yield is low, but the output value is high. Potatoes for other uses are harvested when they are fully ripe, so that the highest yield can be obtained.

5. Disease and pest control

① ring rot: ring rot does great damage to the growth of potatoes, such as a large area of disease will lead to reduced production or no harvest, so it is necessary to cut off the ring rot from the source, choose disease-free seed potatoes, and pay attention to disinfect knives when cutting pieces to avoid cross-infection.

② virus disease: virus disease is an infectious virus, which can be controlled by spraying Kangdufeng (0.5% mushroom proteoglycan water agent) or 20% virus A wettable powder 500x liquid at the initial stage of the disease.

③ ladybug: ladybugs can be sprayed with 1000 times of 80% trichlorfon WP or 1000 times of 80% dichlorvos EC, 2.5% dichlorvos EC, 10% cypermethrin EC and 3000 times of cypermethrin EC, once every 10 days.

④ underground pests: mole cricket, grubs, ground tigers and other underground pests, 3% methyl mixed with phosphorus granules 2: 3 kg per mu, according to the proportion of medicine and soil at 1:10, the poisonous soil was evenly scattered on the soil surface and applied during soil preparation.