Red leaf heather pest control three methods

Photinia rubra had strong resistance and no destructive diseases and insect pests were found. The common diseases and insect pests of Photinia rubra are quenching disease, blight disease, leaf spot disease, anthracnose, gray mold, leaf spot disease or being harmed by shell insects and so on. These infectious diseases often cause large-scale death of Photinia rubra in a short time and bring serious losses to seedling farmers. Citing the views of seedling experts, Huinong School introduces to you several comprehensive prevention and control measures for reference when seedling farmers need them.

I. Pharmaceutical treatment

Starting from the seedling stage of Photinia rubra, 0.5-1% Bordeaux solution 50-75 kg per mu of Photinia rubra seedling bed is sprayed with 0.5-1% Bordeaux solution every 7-10 days, so that a protective film is formed outside the young Photinia seedlings to prevent the invasion of bacteria. At the same time, fertilizers should be applied mainly with farm manure and supplemented by chemical fertilizers. Garbage compost, compost and barnyard manure may carry germs and should be composted and fermented before use. After the onset of the disease, remove the diseased Photinia seedlings in time, sprinkle lime powder around the seedling holes of the diseased Photinia chinensis, to prevent spread, and apply once every 10-15 days, you can spray 100kg of Dexong 500800x solution per mu, or 65% Dysen Zinc 300kg 100kg spray, or use 1 ∶ 100kg of arsenic methyl sulfide soil, or 8 ∶ 2 grass limestone powder mixed and spread appropriate amount on the seedling bed of Photinia rubra for treatment. It can also be sprayed with copper-ammonium mixture.

Botrytis cinerea can be prevented by spraying 50% carbendazim 1000 times solution, and during the onset period, 50% Dysen zinc solution can be used to prevent and control the disease. Leaf spot disease can be controlled with more than 60% carbendazim 300 Mel 400 times or Topurazin 300 Mel 400 times. Scale insects can be sprayed with 200 times of dimethoate emulsion or 800ml 1000 times of liquid spray. Soil silkworm control should be carried out before planting, the land should be properly ploughed, and sprinkled with phosphorus insecticides such as soil insects must be killed. If you encounter the harm of soil silkworm after planting, it needs to be remedied in time, otherwise it will do great harm to spread, especially for Photinia rubra at seedling stage, which may cause large area death.

Second, seed disinfection

Seeds should be carefully selected before sowing to eliminate diseases and weak species. When sowing, the seeds should be treated with medicine. Soak the seeds with 0.3-0.5% potassium permanganate solution for half an hour to 1 hour or soak the seeds in warm water of 50 degrees Celsius for 24 hours, then soak the sunken seeds with 0.2% formalin solution for 30 minutes, and then soak the seeds for another 2 hours. You can also soak the seeds with 0.5-1% copper sulfate solution for 1-2 hours, then pick up the seeds and rinse the solution with clean water, then sow the seeds in time after drying. Pay attention to the depth when sowing, and the cover soil should not be too thick so that the seeds can germinate and emerge.

Third, select the nursery site

Light clay loam or sandy loam with better water source and higher topography should be selected as nursery land, and rotation system should be adhered to, and the same kind of Photinia rubra should not be cultivated continuously in the same nursery.

When raising seedlings, the soil in the nursery should be disinfected in advance, and the main methods are as follows:

① formalin disinfection: every square meter nursery is sprayed evenly with formalin 50ml and water 10kg, then covered with plastic film or straw bag, the mulch is opened for about 10 days, so that the gas can be volatilized, and the seeds can be sown two days later.

② carbendazim disinfection: mix 1.5g per square meter with 50% wettable powder. It can also be sprinkled on the seedling bed according to the proportion of 1 ∶ 20, which can effectively control the diseases in the seedling stage.

③ pentachloronitrobenzene disinfection: per square meter nursery land with 75% pentachloronitrobenzene 4 grams, Dysen zinc 5 grams, mixed with 12 kilograms of fine soil, sowing under the pad and cover, against anthracnose, blight, quenching, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and so on.

④ ferrous sulfate disinfection: treat the soil with 3% ferrous sulfate solution, 0.5kg per square meter, which can control coniferous seedling blight, peach and plum leaf shrinkage disease, and chlorosis caused by iron deficiency in flowers. The nursery should be ploughed deeply in winter and once shallowly when sowing in the second year.

The latest list of pest control

Net bug: mainly harms pyracantha, cherry blossom, rhododendron and other plants. This year, the net bug also caused damage to the leaves of Fawu, some of them suffered more seriously, the positive side of the injured leaves changed color obviously, and the adults, nymphs and a large number of secretions were obviously seen on the back of the leaves, which directly affected the plant growth. It can be sprayed 1000 times with Dachongling 1VR. Longicorn beetles and other trunk borer pests: recently, there are still a small number of longicorn beetle adults active, and the obvious victims are Fawu, Zhonghuai, red leaf plum, and so on. At present, there are many bores in the affected tree trunk, and fresh insect droppings and other things are constantly discharged from the holes. Manual digging should be organized as soon as possible, poison stickers and other measures should be taken to kill larvae, and 300 times of green Weilei liquid can be sprayed on adults. Take precautions every 10 days. Powdery mildew: it mainly occurs on shrubs such as Euonymus tomentosa and ten meritorious shrubs. Since the beginning of summer this year, high temperature and humidity climate conditions are conducive to the spread of the disease, so measures should be taken to prevent and control it. The method of prevention and treatment was to remove the infected leaves by pruning, centralized treatment, and spray triadimefon powder 1 800 times liquid continuously for 2 times with an interval of 10 days. Withered leaves of shrubs: withered leaves are easy to appear on Ligustrum lucidum and Euonymus tomentosa due to the influence of weather and other reasons in high temperature season. Entering August is the high incidence period of this symptom, we should pay special attention to strengthening watering, reduce the number of pruning at high temperature, and if it really needs pruning, it is recommended to cut it lightly with large scissors and spray carbendazim or topiramate 1000 times immediately after pruning. Tea bag moth: commonly known as small bag moth, it harms camphor, pyracantha, red leaf plum, heather and so on. At this stage, it is the first generation larva occurrence period of the insect. Larval damage has been seen on heather, camphor and other plants, so attention should be paid to investigation and treatment. The control agent can be sprayed 2000 times with cypermethrin. It can also be eliminated by manual removal of insect cysts. Leaf roll moth: in August, there are bud damage of leaf roll moth larvae on shrubs such as golden leaf privet, big leaf yellow poplar, firethorn and so on. Can be combined with pruning to remove the insect bud, centralized treatment, with trichlorfon 1RU 1000 times or Kuaishaling 1Rd 1500 times liquid spray. Chongyang wood spot moth: recently, it is the peak period of the second generation adults, and the number is relatively large, coupled with the recent suitable temperature, it is reported that the feeding harm of the third generation larvae will occur in the first ten days of August, which should be controlled before and after August 15 and again after 7 days. The control agents can be sprayed with 1000 times of dichlorvos or 2000 times of efficient cyanogen chloride. Yellow poplar silk wild borer: recently, melon seeds, yellow poplar hedges and planting blocks have been harmed by the larvae, and the harm is obvious, so we should pay close attention to sunny day control. Control agents can be sprayed 1000 times with bitter smoke EC or Kuaishaling EC 1000 times, and again after 10 days. Lawn pests: in August, the larvae of Spodoptera litura, Spodoptera litura and Spodoptera litura are at the peak, especially in cold-season lawns such as tall fescue. After investigation, a very small number of early instar larvae have been seen recently. the spraying time for the control of these pests should be in the evening, and the control agents can be irrigated with phoxim 1000 times or carbendazim 1000 times. Scale insects: in August, the main species of shell insects to be controlled are: crape myrtle scale on crape myrtle, camphor net shield scale on camphor, pomegranate scale on pomegranate, white wax pink scale on golden leaf privet, Japanese tortoise wax scale on French holly, and so on. We should pay close attention to the control of all kinds of shell insects in sunny days as soon as possible. The control agents can be sprayed with 1 1500 times of imidacloprid or 1 1 000 times of methovir EC. Ligustrum lucidum: at present, it is the active feeding period of the adult, and it is predicted that a new generation of low-instar larvae will cause leaf damage in early August. In the near future, it can be sprayed 1000 times to control adults and 1000 times to the larvae damaged by hidden leaves in early August to control the harm. Leafhopper: it mainly harms shrubs such as red leaf plum and sweet-scented osmanthus, when the insect harms both adults and nymphs. At present, the damage of red leaf plum on the road is obvious, especially in August, which should be investigated and treated in time. It can be sprayed continuously for 2 times with efficient cyanogen chloride 11000 times or bitter smoke EC 11000 times continuously for 3 times, with an interval of 10 days. Leaf mites: commonly known as red spiders, recent investigations have done harm to plants such as Robinia pseudoacacia and cherry blossoms, causing symptoms such as chlorosis, curling and sagging of damaged leaves. When the spider mite is harmful to adults, nymph and eggs exist at the same time, it should be checked and treated regularly. Diclofenac can be sprayed 1000 times to control the back of the leaves and prevent it again every 7 to 10 days.

Cutting techniques of Photinia rugosa

In production, Photinia chinensis is mainly propagated by cutting, which has the characteristics of low cost, simple operation and high survival rate. The propagation technology which can be produced in ordinary plastic greenhouse is suitable for the popularization and application of most tree nurseries. Let's take a look at the cutting propagation technology of Photinia rugosa.

Cutting preparation of Photinia rubra

Select the field construction nursery with good drainage, dry rain, low water table, convenient transportation and stable water source, use single greenhouse cutting, cover greenhouse film, add sunshade net, and set up ground cutting nursery after leveling the ground in the sheet. the width can be about 100 cm, a baffle 10-12 cm high can be installed around, the bottom is covered with a layer of fine sand to facilitate drainage, and the cutting substrate can be made of vermiculite and peat. Or use clean yellow soil plus fine sand, seedbeds and substrates should be disinfected with fungicides and pesticides to prevent diseases and insect pests.

Cutting method of Photinia rubra

1. Cutting time: the requirements for cutting time of Photinia chinensis vary from region to region. Spring, summer and autumn are better in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. Generally speaking, the temperature is between 15-35 degrees, and the most suitable is 20-30 degrees. Therefore, late April-late June, late August-mid-October is the cutting golden season of Photinia rugosa.

2. Selection of ear strips: select sturdy semi-lignified annual branches as cuttings, the cuttings are 3-5 cm long, the upper and lower cuttings are cut flat, half of the leaves are generally retained because of the appropriate temperature in the golden season of cuttings, and a small half of the large leaves are left according to experience. It is more appropriate to leave more than half of the leaflets, pay attention to the ear cuttings moisturizing, shading and watering, and it is best to use special scissors when cutting cuttings, which is smaller than the wound of ordinary flat-mouth scissors. The phloem of cuttings is inward, the xylem is slightly concave to the center, the cuttings are easy to produce callus and rooting, and the survival rate is high. Cuttings and cuttings are best cut on cloudy days and before 10:00 and after 4 p.m.

3. Cutting method: the rooting time of Photinia chinensis cuttings can be advanced from 40 days to 7-15 days, so the cuttings should be rooting before cutting. the commonly used rooting agents are finished ABT, Guoguang, and biochemical raw materials such as naphthalene acetic acid and indole butyric acid. Before cutting, the nursery bed should be watered thoroughly, and the cuttings should not be too deep into the soil. Generally, the leaves at the top of the cuttings should face in the same direction, so that the light they receive is uniform, which is conducive to early rooting and early sprouting, and then poured through water after cutting. After the leaves are dry, they can be sprayed with 600-800 times solution of methyl topiramate and chlorothalonil to prevent disease, and finally cover the whole seedling bed with a small arch shed film.

Post-planting management of Photinia rugosa

1. Shading and topdressing: from cuttage to root sprouting, shading rate should be kept above 75%. Foliar topdressing should be carried out frequently after cutting, which can be combined with spraying to prevent disease at the same time, from callus formation to young root growth. 50 × 10-6 nitrogen fertilizer can be sprayed, and the nitrogen concentration can be increased to 100 × 10-6 to 150 × 10-6 before transplanting.

2. Pest control: disease and pest control should be strengthened after cutting. 800 times carbendazim and methyl topiramate should be sprayed at the end of cutting, and then every 5-7 days. Fungicides must be sprayed in time after rain. Anthrax is mainly prone to anthrax during the cutting period, and periodic control is needed. Control agents are mainly anthrax Fumei, mancozeb, chlorothalonil, etc., insect pests are mainly aphids and moth larvae, control agents are imidacloprid and cypermethrin and so on.

3. Strengthen management: after 15 days, some ear strips begin to root, and the water content of the substrate should be reduced appropriately, generally about 40%. When more than 50% of the ear strips begin to root, the film can be gradually opened and ventilated, and the shading can be reduced to about 50%. When the panicle strips all take root and more than 50% leaves, gradually remove the shading net and film of the greenhouse, give more sufficient light, and begin to refine seedlings.

4. Pot for refining seedlings: pot for rooting seedlings, medium with 80% peat + 20% perlite. Generally, peat should add lime to adjust pH value and supplement calcium at the same time. Seedlings are easy to freeze at the seedling stage, so it is best to spend the winter in the greenhouse, or reduce the supply of water, without fertilization, and spend the summer in the shade shed when the summer temperature is high. Water management should pay attention to dry and wet. Fertilizer management generally mix 4 kg of slow-release fertilizer per cubic meter of medium, and then regularly apply 700-1000 times of nitrogen water-soluble fertilizer.