Key points of Cuttage techniques of Osmanthus fragrans in Summer

The propagation methods of sweet-scented osmanthus include cutting, pressing and sowing, among which cutting is the most widely used. Osmanthus fragrans cuttings are divided into spring and summer cuttings according to season, and hardwood cuttings and soft (tender) wood cuttings according to branch maturity. Sweet-scented osmanthus soft branches cut in summer, the callus is easy to form, the rooting speed is fast, and the survival rate is high. However, the following technical points should be mastered:

The main results are as follows: 1. the cutting time of sweet-scented osmanthus in summer is from May to July, when the temperature is lower and the evaporation is less from 6 to 9 o'clock in the morning and 4 to 7 o'clock in the afternoon.

Second, prepare the seedling bed for sweet-scented osmanthus to like warm, moist, fertile and well-ventilated acidic soil, and the bed soil should be ploughed and raked deeply to make a high bed. Make a seedbed in a place with good drainage and convenient irrigation.

Third, when cutting sweet-scented osmanthus cuttings, we should choose excellent varieties of female parent trees with strong growth, cut the strong semi-lignified branches in the upper periphery of the crown, remove the young parts at the top, and cut them into cuttings about 10 cm long. Leave 2 to 3 pairs of leaves at the top of each cuttage, and all the basal leaves are cut off.

4. Rooting treatment soaking the cuttings base with 500ppm acetic acid solution for 5 seconds, or soaking the cuttings base with 40% ABT rooting powder solution for 2 hours, or 0.01% aspirin for 4 to 5 hours, can promote rooting and improve the survival rate.

Fifth, the cutting method before cutting, the seedling bed is watered thoroughly, and after being hydrophobic, it is cut. The distance between rows of plants is 3 cm × 5 cm, and the depth of cuttings is about 6 cm. Watering after insertion promotes the close knot between the land and cuttings.

Sixth, nursery bed management after cutting, timely build a shade shed to moisturize, to prevent high temperature and bright light. Nursery bed to maintain 20 ℃ to 28 ℃, relative humidity 80% to 90%, high temperature should be aerated, spray humidification, cooling and drought prevention. Under the condition of suitable temperature and humidity, it can take root in about 1 month, gradually remove the shade shed, increase the light, and timely watering or spraying water to keep the soil moist and promote growth.

The cultivation methods of sweet-scented osmanthus, which are the key points of cutting in summer, include cutting, pressing and sowing, among which cutting is the most widely used. Osmanthus fragrans cuttings are divided into spring and summer cuttings according to season, and hardwood cuttings and soft (tender) wood cuttings according to branch maturity. Sweet-scented osmanthus soft branches cut in summer, the callus is easy to form, the rooting speed is fast, and the survival rate is high. However, it is necessary to master the following technical points: first, the cutting time of sweet-scented osmanthus in summer, which is more suitable from May to July, when the temperature is lower and the evaporation is less from 6 to 9 in the morning and 4 to 7 in the afternoon.

Second, prepare the seedling bed for sweet-scented osmanthus to like warm, moist, fertile and well-ventilated acidic soil, and the bed soil should be ploughed and raked deeply to make a high bed. Make a seedbed in a place with good drainage and convenient irrigation. Third, when cutting sweet-scented osmanthus cuttings, we should choose excellent varieties of female parent trees with strong growth, cut the strong semi-lignified branches in the upper periphery of the crown, remove the young parts at the top, and cut them into cuttings about 10 cm long. Leave 2 to 3 pairs of leaves at the top of each cuttage, and all the basal leaves are cut off. 4. Rooting treatment soaking the cuttings base with 500ppm acetic acid solution for 5 seconds, or soaking the cuttings base with 40% ABT rooting powder solution for 2 hours, or 0.01% aspirin for 4 to 5 hours, can promote rooting and improve the survival rate. Fifth, the cutting method before cutting, the seedling bed is watered thoroughly, and after being hydrophobic, it is cut. The distance between rows of plants is 3 cm × 5 cm, and the depth of cuttings is about 6 cm. Watering after insertion promotes the close knot between the land and cuttings. Sixth, nursery bed management after cutting, timely build a shade shed to moisturize, to prevent high temperature and bright light. Nursery bed to maintain 20 ℃ to 28 ℃, relative humidity 80% to 90%, high temperature should be aerated, spray humidification, cooling and drought prevention. Under the condition of suitable temperature and humidity, it can take root in about 1 month, gradually remove the shade shed, increase the light, and timely watering or spraying water to keep the soil moist and promote growth. How to cut sweet-scented osmanthus seedlings?

How to cut sweet-scented osmanthus seedlings?

Cutting propagation is the habit of adventitious roots by making use of the regeneration ability of vegetative organs of sweet-scented osmanthus. The method of cutting off its semi-lignified branches and inserting them into sand or perlite or vermiculite under fixed environmental conditions to make them take root and sprout into new plants. The plants propagated in this way are called cuttings. The source of simple and easy wood for cutting propagation is abundant and the seedlings can be formed rapidly. a large number of seedlings can be bred in a short period of time and the excellent characters of the female parent can be maintained. This method of propagation is widely used in the propagation of sweet-scented osmanthus.

Tools / raw materials

Sharp knife, wire

Land, sweet osmanthus trees, water

Rooting agent

Sunshade net, plastic

Methods / steps

1. Measures to promote rooting of cuttings

Mechanical treatment: in the growing season of the plant. Cut the ear with a sharp knife, wire and other methods to prevent the downward transport of photosynthate and growth hormone in the upper part of the cuttings. Nutrients accumulate and concentrate in the injured area, which makes the injured part of the cuttings dilate. Cut the cuttings in the dormant period. Because of sufficient nutrients, cuttings can significantly improve the rooting and survival rate of cuttings.

Elution treatment: the use of solvents to remove some of the inhibitory substances in the plant. Warm water treatment, running water treatment or alcohol treatment are generally used. These methods can not only reduce the content of inhibitory substances in cuttings, but also increase the content of water in cuttings.

Auxin treatment: cx naphthylacetic acid (NAA), p-indoleacetic acid (IAA), p-indolebutyric acid (IBA). 14-D and other growth hormones commonly used in cuttings can promote rooting of most plants. When the cuttings were treated with auxin water agent, the cut cuttings were tied into a bundle of lower incisions in a certain number, and then the base of the cuttings was soaked in the solution 2 cm deep to root more difficult varieties and hardwood cuttings with a slightly higher concentration of available solution for a little longer time, and the concentration of the varieties with opposite tender branches and easy rooting could be slightly lower or shorter.

Treated with rooting agent, ABT rooting powder can supplement exogenous auxin needed for rooting of cuttings, and can promote the synthesis of auxin in vivo. Cuttings treated with rooting powder can take root faster, shorten rooting time, and have higher rooting rate. Cuttings treated with ABT rooting powder are generally dipped in 500kg 2000mg L; slow soaking 50~2000mg/L, general lgABT rooting powder can treat 40006000 cuttings

Whether the cuttings can survive or not also depends on where the nutrients are consumed. In general, when the air temperature is ten degrees higher, the cuttings sprout and spread leaves first, and then take root, which is easy to consume the only nutrients in the body, resulting in low survival rate of cuttings. When the ground temperature is higher than the air temperature, the cuttings grow leaves after the root, which is beneficial to improve the survival rate. The environment in which the ground temperature is artificially created and the soil temperature is higher than the air temperature can be used to make Mr. cuttings sprout after rooting. The commonly used methods are burying the ground hot line in the insert bed, or burying heating pipes and putting in raw horse dung, all of which can be lifted away from the ground temperature to promote rooting.

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3. Cutting period

Spring cutting: suitable for most sweet-scented osmanthus varieties, spring cutting is carried out directly by using the dormant branches of the previous year, when the nutrients in the cuttings are abundant, and some rooting inhibitors have been converted. The cuttage should be early in spring, and the survival rate should be reduced after bud germination.

Summer cuttings: summer cuttings are cut by semi-lignified cuttings with vigorous growth of sweet-scented osmanthus in that year, but the temperature is higher in summer, which is easy to cause tender branches to lose water and die. The air phase temperature should be increased to reduce the transpiration of cuttings. Maintain the balance of water metabolism in the body and improve the survival rate of cuttings

Autumn cuttings: autumn cuttings are cut when the cuttings have stopped growing, but have not yet entered dormancy and the cuttings are rich in nutrients. First, the use of cuttings inhibitory substances has not yet reached the peak can promote callus formation in advance to facilitate rooting; second, the use of autumn ground temperature later than air temperature is conducive to the early formation of root bases. Cold protection measures should be taken in winter, such as covered with plastic film. It takes root quickly in spring, and some cuttings are available in the same year.

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5. Collection of cuttings

That is, cutting cuttings. The quality of cuttings depends on the genetic characteristics and growth status of the mother, the time of ear harvest and the position of ear collection vary with different species. The survival rate of cuttings in different parts was different, and it was best for sweet-scented osmanthus to take 1-year-old and 2-year-old branches located at the root or trunk base as cuttings. The length of cuttings should be 10-15 cm. The upper incision should be flat, 1 cm away from the top bud, too short affects sprouting, too long, the incision is not easy to heal. The location of the lower incision should be 0.5 cm below the bud node, where there are many parenchyma cells, which are easy to form healing tissue and rooting. Flat cutting, fast healing, uniform rooting, annular distribution, small wound can reduce incision decay. The varieties with more difficulty in rooting use oblique cutting and double-sided oblique cutting, so that the contact surface between the incision and soil is larger, and the callus is larger after the formation of callus. It is beneficial to absorb water and nutrients, but it is easy to form partial roots.

In the process of cutting propagation of sweet-scented osmanthus, according to the different parts of cuttings, it can be divided into:

Cuttage with partially semi-lignified softwood cuttings: a method of cuttings with a part of semi-lignified branches at the base of the softwood.

Hardwood cutting is also known as semi-lignified cuttage, long wood cuttage, common cutting: select 1 ~ 2-year-old semi-lignified branch cutting method.

Heel cutting: a method of cutting off branches with semi-lignified branches and then breaking branches by hand as cuttings.

Mallet cutting: the method of cutting cuttings from callus with callus after girdling and hanging twisted branches

Short branch cutting (single bud insertion): a method of cutting a section with a leaf and a germinating or latent bud on a semi-lignified branch as a cuttage.

For the management after cutting, in order to improve the survival rate of cutting, there should be a higher humidity in the substrate and air, and the tender wood cutting requires higher air humidity. Immediately after insertion, fill the cuttings with enough water for the first time to make the cuttings in close contact with the soil to preserve soil moisture and loosen soil. When the cuttings survived, they gradually moved to the cultivation site for cultivation. In the growing season with high air temperature and sufficient sunshine, full-light automatic intermittent spray cutting bed can be used for cutting. the automatic control device of intermittent spray is used to meet the requirements of air humidity of cuttings to ensure that the cuttings do not wilt and is conducive to rooting.

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Matters needing attention

Pay attention to the selection of cutting period

Pay attention to the control of moisture and ambient temperature

The mother plant with good growth condition should be selected for the collection of cuttings.

Raising seedlings of Osmanthus fragrans:

Knowledge of tender wood cuttings of sweet-scented osmanthus belongs to evergreen trees of the family Liliaceae. Branches and leaves are dark green, graceful, fragrant when flowers bloom, fragrance for several miles, flowers can be edible and extract essence, is an important garden and economic tree species in China, with high ornamental and economic value. Because sweet-scented osmanthus has few seeds and is difficult to obtain, grafting is not ideal, so it is often propagated by cuttings.

The seedling raising of tender wood cutting has the advantages of convenient material acquisition, simple operation and high survival rate.

1 the cutting time should be from mid-May to mid-July and from mid-September to mid-October. At this time, the new shoots have stopped growing, the branches contain more nutrients, the meristem meristem ability is strong, and the temperature is suitable, so it is easy to root after cutting. Osmanthus fragrans pictures

(2) the light loam cultivated land used as rice nursery should be selected for bed insertion preparation. Deep ploughing requires bed width 120cm, bed height 25cm, gully width 40cm, fine broken soil, flat bed surface and smooth channel. A plastic film arch shed with a high 50cm distance from the bed surface is built above the slotting bed, and a shade shed with a high 180cm distance from the bed surface and a light transmittance of about 35% is built on it.

(3) the cuttings were collected and selected to grow vigorously, and the excellent plant free from diseases and insect pests was the mother tree, and the semi-lignified shoots of the upper part of the crown were cut off as scions. The scion should be bundled into small handfuls, and the base should be wrapped with wet toilet paper and brought back to the room for treatment.

(4) the cuttings were cut into 8-10cm length, on which two leaves were retained, the upper end was cut into a flat mouth, the base was cut into a bevel, and tied into a small handle, the parts below the base 3cm were immersed in 5 × 100000 naphthalene acetic acid or 1 × 10-4 No. 1 ABT rooting powder solution for 1 hour, and then the cuttings were taken out.

(5) the cuttings should be divided into beds (segments) according to the diameter grade. With a row spacing of 5 × 10cm, a thick wooden stick such as cuttings was first used to insert a hole on the cuttings, and then the lower part of the cuttings was inserted into the hole to squeeze the soil around the cuttings. Finally, 0.01% carbendazim aqueous solution was used to water through the inserting bed once to disinfect the soil and provide water to keep moisture.

6 plug-in management

6.1 when there are no water droplets in the film of water spraying and shading, and when the bed soil is dry, it should be sprayed to keep moisture. The morning cover of the high-rise shade shed should be lifted at night; the relative humidity in the film shed should be kept above 85%, and the temperature should be controlled at 18-30 ℃. If the temperature is too high and the humidity is too low, it can be adjusted by removing the cover and increasing water spraying; if the temperature is low and the humidity is too high, the measures of sealing greenhouse film and reducing water spraying can be adopted to control it.

6.2 spray combined with loose soil spraying 5 × 10-4 carbendazim aqueous solution every 7 days to prevent cuttings from infecting bacteria and causing cortical rot. The cutter should be loosened frequently to maintain good soil permeability and prevent cuttings from rotting due to lack of oxygen.

6.3 sprouting and fertilization must timely erase the sprouts at the base of the cuttings in order to reduce nutrient consumption. Combined with water spraying, 0.2% urea or potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution was sprayed every 10 days to promote cuttings root and shoot growth.

6.4 the shade canopy can be removed in October when the shed is dismantled and transplanted in summer, and the field nursery can be transplanted in the following spring; those planted in autumn can be removed in the following spring and transplanted to the field nursery in early summer. Both summer and autumn cuttings can stay in bed for one year, and the following winter seedlings can be as high as 30-50cm, which can be planted out of the nursery or transferred to nursery cultivation.