Key points of cultivation and maintenance of Carnation

Carnation is one of the famous ornamental flowers in China. Carnation is widely distributed in Northeast, North, Northwest and Yangtze River provinces in China, and is now widely cultivated at home and abroad.

Carnation originated in China. Resistant to cold and drought. Like sufficient sunshine, like dry, ventilated, cool environment. Like fertile soil with good drainage and limestone. Avoid dampness and waterlogging. It is very easy to cross between species.

Key points of cultivation

(1) watering

After sowing, when the seedlings grow to 3-4 cm, the seedlings are planted in the open air for maintenance. After slow seedling survival, less or no watering can promote root growth, and then strengthen the management of water fee. The room temperature for the growth of carnation at seedling stage is 10-20 ℃.

(2) fertilization

After planting, carnation should be topdressing every 3 weeks (bone powder, sesame oil residue, rotten cake fertilizer, etc.) and coring twice to promote multi-branching. Cut the flower branches after flowering, apply fertilizer every other week, and blossom again after September.

(3) Lighting

Light should be strengthened throughout the growing period, with sunshine reaching about 8 hours a day.

Reproduction

When the shell of the seed changes from green to yellow after anthesis, it indicates that the seed is ripe and can be taken out to dry, store or sow at any time.

Carnation is propagated mainly by sowing, cutting and other methods.

① sowing: can be carried out except for the coldest and hottest seasons of the year. Sow the seeds in a basin with aseptic soil as the substrate and put them in a warm place indoors. After the seedlings should be ventilated, come into contact with the sun, control watering, and prevent weak people from growing.

② cuttage: from October to March, cut the mature branches, cut them into about 6 cm long cuttings, put them in a sand bed or open nursery bed, irrigate and shade them, and plant them after growing roots.

Pest control

The main diseases and insect pests of carnation are blight, virus disease, leaf spot, rust and red spider, species fly, aphid, burglar moth, mole cricket and so on.

Key points of planting and maintenance of Phyllostachys pubescens

I. planting of pointed-leaf carnation

Phyllostachys cuspidata has many advantages, such as drought and water saving, alkali tolerance, barren tolerance, cold tolerance, long green period and so on.

1. The soil of the selected planting site had better be sandy or semi-sandy soil. If clay is encountered, sand mixing can be carried out, which is beneficial to drainage and root growth.

2. Generally speaking, soil preparation only needs to plough the soil layer with a depth of 15 to 20 centimeters, pick up stones and rubble, and do not need to sift the soil and flatten the land before planting. If there are low-lying areas, drainage facilities should be done to ensure the normal growth of the plant. Whether the land is flat or not is the key to whether it can be leveled after the formation of the flat.

3. Planting method

(1) the whole pier of carnation is divided into small stumps about 5 to 6 cm in diameter by ramet planting method. Dig a hole about 10 to 12 centimeters deep in the planting site, bury the seedlings in the hole, and bury the branches and leaves three or four centimeters above the ground. After backfilling, the soil and seedlings can be compacted to ensure that there is no gap around the plant. The split planting method can greatly reduce the planting cost.

(2) the whole pier planting method dug out the cave with the same depth as the root system of Phyllostachys pubescens, put the root of the seedling vertically into the cave (to stretch the root system), and compacted the surrounding soil and seedlings after backfilling. The whole pier planting can achieve the effect of forming a flat at that time.

(3) the nutrition bowl planting method is relatively simple. The seedlings planted in the nutrition bowl can be transplanted to the ground and watered once after planting, and there is no need to slow the seedlings.

4. Points for attention in planting

The main results are as follows: (1) when planting, the spacing of each plant should be uniform and horizontal, horizontal and vertical, which is beneficial to the balanced growth and beauty of seedlings. Planting spacing is the key to the length of the flat, for example, it takes 3 months to achieve the effect, about 25 plants can be planted per square meter.

(2) after two weeks of planting, it is necessary to observe whether the seedlings have survived or not. if the seedlings are not found to be withered and yellow, and the roots grow new green buds, it means that the seedlings have survived. If it is found that the seedlings are gradually withered and yellow, and there are no new buds in the roots, it means that the seedlings have not yet survived, and the seedlings should be replenished in time in order to form a flat as a whole.

5. Water and fertilizer management after planting is the key to the survival of seedlings.

The main results are as follows: (1) watering in a flat area should be thoroughly watered once, and then watered again after a few days to observe the growth of the seedlings. After survival, there is no need to water, do not water other plants together when watering.

(2) when planting in mounds or areas where water is not suitable for storage, the pointed-leaf carnation should be watered frequently before it survives, keep sufficient moisture in the soil, and stop watering until it survives. In midsummer, due to the high temperature, water evaporates quickly during the day, and watering is the best in the morning.

(3) if the soil is poor or users want to form a flat quickly, you can apply some organic fertilizer or chemical fertilizer.

Daily maintenance and management

1. Watering pointed-leaf carnation is a drought-tolerant plant, which can only be watered once at the beginning of spring and before freezing in winter, and can be met by natural rainfall. If you want to become a pingchu as soon as possible, you can appropriately increase the amount of water according to the degree of drought.

2. Pruning pointed-leaf carnation grows low, with a height of 8 to 10 cm, and generally does not need pruning. If you want to mow, it is the same as the method of mowing the lawn, but the height is controlled at about 8 cm.

3. At present, no pests have been found in Phyllostachys cuspidata, but Fusarium wilt is easy to appear in summer mildew and rainy season (withered and yellow at the top of the center of carnation and spread around). Agricultural streptomycin can be applied, and it will be effective after a week.

4. If individual dead seedlings are found during daily maintenance, they can be replanted nearby.

Third, the misunderstanding of planting and maintenance

1. When planting, it is not planted according to the required plant spacing, and the spacing is too large or too small. The normal planting distance should be about 20 cm, but some should reach 40 to 50 cm. As a result, those with small spacing have grown up and sealed, while those with large spacing can not be completely flat, and the surface is exposed.

2. After the carnation survived, no matter whether the weeds appeared withered or yellow, they withered or even died, and they did not replenish the seedlings.

3. Some people think that Phyllostachys cuspidata is resistant to drought and cold, so it does not pour frozen water, return to green water, and does not apply fertilizer to allow it to grow naturally.

The above problems are the main reasons for the poor growth and slow formation of Phyllostachys pubescens, which should be paid attention to.

Carnation, also known as carnation and musk carnation, is a perennial herb, but it is often cultivated in 2012 in cut flower production. Stem erect or creeping, much branched, plant height 60-100 cm, whole plant albino. Leaves opposite, linear-lanceolate, base clasping, flowers solitary or several fascicled branch ends, bracts 2-layer 3-layer adherent to calyx tube. A variety of colors, there are red, pink, yellow, white, purple, complex color and so on, with aroma. The natural flowering period is from May to July, the cut flowers are produced annually, and the full flowering period in winter is from January to February. Carnation is one of the four largest cut flowers in the world because of its bright color, fragrant smell and long flowering period. Carnation is recognized by the world as the mother's flower. In addition, it can also be cultivated in open field or potted.

Carnation prefers a warm, moist, sunny and well-ventilated environment. He is not only afraid of the heat, but also intolerant of the cold. The suitable temperature for growth is 15-21 ℃. It is rich in humus, loose and fertile micro-acid to neutral soil, and waterlogging and continuous cropping are avoided.

In order to cultivate carnation, we should choose strong disease-free seedlings. Before planting seedlings, it is necessary to prepare the soil and apply sufficient base fertilizer (rotten compost, bone meal, etc.) to improve soil physical properties and increase soil fertility, as well as sufficient bottom water. 4-5 days before planting, the moisture of the seedling bed should be controlled to make the seedling bed slightly dry. Watering once a day before planting is convenient for raising seedlings with dirt the next day. Plant along with the seedlings.

Carnation is not resistant to water and humidity, watering should be dry and wet to avoid drought and waterlogging, timely drainage in the rainy season to prevent waterlogging. During the growth period, fertilizer needs to be replenished constantly in order to grow healthily and blossom well. Topdressing is generally applied once a month in ground planting, and dilute liquid fertilizer can be applied every 10 to 15 days in potted plants. Summer high temperature season to shade and cool, and pay attention to ventilation and prevention and control of diseases and insect pests.

To make the carnation blossom more and blossom well, pruning and picking the heart in time is a key measure. Heart picking should be carried out many times starting from the seedlings. The first coring was carried out when there were more than 5 pairs of leaves when the height of the seedling was 15cm to 20cm. No less than 5 pairs of leaves were retained after coring, and 3-4 pairs of leaves were left for the second time after lateral branches were extracted. Whether to pick the heart again in the future depends on the need, but the last pick should not be later than late August. After such coring, no less than 12-15 branches per plant can be maintained. There is only one bud at the top of each branch during bud pregnancy, and the rest of the lateral buds and axillary buds should be removed in time. After planting, nylon net should be set on the seedbed in time to prevent plant lodging and flower stem bending. After the above management, the carnation plant shape is beautiful and the flowers are colorful.

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