What about yellow leaves, rotten roots and few flowers? Key points of root maintenance of flowers

Many flower friends say that only when the roots are cultivated well, the branches and leaves can be green and luxuriant, and the flowers will be colorful. The most common problems in daily flower cultivation are yellow leaves, rotten roots and few flowers, most of which have a lot to do with plant roots. Plants themselves should grow in the natural earth, planted them artificially in a small flowerpot, or even indoors, regardless of soil, temperature, sunlight, all aspects of the environment are more or less against the nature of plants.

In this case, how can we cultivate the roots of the plant and make the plant stronger? Only when plants absorb enough water and breathe enough oxygen can they better transport nutrients to their branches and leaves and make them grow more and more prosperous.

Plants absorb water in two ways: active and passive.

In the process of growing flowers, many flower lovers found that dripping Guanyin, green pineapple and loose-tailed sunflower all have the phenomenon of dripping and spitting from leaves. When we break or cut the branches of flowers and plants, there will be water or liquid flow out of the wound, which is called "bleeding wound". This is the manifestation of active absorption of water by plants. The more active the root system, the stronger the ability to absorb water, so spitting and bleeding can be used as signs of good plant growth.

Active water absorption is due to the internal transport of mineral nutrients within plants, resulting in the phenomenon of water absorption. The healthier the plant is, the stronger the active water absorption capacity is and the passive water absorption is due to the transpiration of plant leaves and the decrease of leaf water pressure. This leads to the upward phenomenon of soil moisture. In the high temperature environment, the leaf transpiration is strong, if the moisture in the soil is insufficient and the water lost on the leaf surface can not be made up in time, the leaves will wilt, scorch and even dry and die. That's why it's always said to water more in summer.

The basic condition of root health is aerobic breathing. Only by absorbing water and oxygen from the soil can an effective oxidation reaction be triggered to make the plant's internal system work.

Why is it always said that the soil should be loose, why should it be often ventilated, and why are soil-consolidated plants unhealthy? Lack of fertility is on the one hand, lack of oxygen is a big problem.

In the process of plant growth, too high or too low temperature will affect the breathing of the roots, weakening the ability of the roots to absorb water actively, at this time, it is very easy to produce black rotten roots, that is, we often say that plants are dormant or grow slowly. The importance of temperature and oxygen to the roots can also explain why retting manure is ripe. The fermentative process of fertilizer produces not only heat but also carbon dioxide. If it is not fully ripened and exposed to the root, the result is that the root vitality becomes lower or burns to death when the temperature is too high, and the proportion of carbon dioxide in the soil becomes higher. Breathing is also affected.

Therefore, unripe fertilizers should never touch the roots of flowers and plants. At this point, I believe dear flower friends, you should be able to understand the importance of water, temperature and oxygen to plant health.

What if the flowers and plants have rotten roots? Adding these things has special effects.

There are all kinds of flowers and plants at home, and the most feared and most common problem is rotten roots. After the appearance of rotten roots, not only the appearance of yellow leaves wilted and affected the blooming of pregnant buds, but even if they bloomed, they would wither and fall quickly.

Some of the reasons for rotting roots are due to excessive fertilization or unrotten soil. The most common reason is that there is too much water in the basin soil, which affects root respiration and causes root rot problems.

Improving the basin soil is the best way to correct the rotting root problem. Add the following materials to the pot soil to solve the soil drainage problem minute by minute, so that the flowers and plants at home will no longer have the problem of yellow leaves and rotten roots and death, and the longer they grow, the more beautiful they will be.

Pine needle soil

Pine needle soil has good air permeability and can be used to raise flowers. adding it to the soil can improve soil drainage. At the same time, slightly acidic, long-lasting fertility, used to like acidic plants, the effect is very good.

The most common flowers with pine needle soil are orchids, camellias, rhododendrons, clematis, crabapple flowers, etc., alkaline-loving plants should not be used.

In addition, the weight of pine needle soil is light, and the single use of water leakage and fertilizer leakage is disadvantageous to root fixation and growth, so it is necessary to cooperate with other soil.

Ceramsite

Ceramsite particles are large, draining and breathable, and free of bacteria. They are often padded to the bottom of the basin by flower friends to increase the drainage and air permeability of the soil. Flower friends who raise orchids will also add ceramsite to the potted soil to avoid the problem of rotting roots.

In addition to drainage and ventilation, ceramsite can also be laid on the surface of flowerpots, which can maintain soil temperature and humidity in summer.

Ceramsite flower cultivation is also lack of nutrients, need to add other soil media, generally ceramsite accounts for less than 1/5, on it.

Perlite

Perlite is the small white particles that are common when we buy nutritious soil, a bit like plastic foam. Perlite hardly absorbs water and can increase soil drainage, improve soil quality and prevent soil consolidation.

Perlite itself does not have any nutrients, so if it is used to increase drainage, about 1/5 can be added to the basin soil to achieve better results.

Coarse sand

The sand itself has no nutrients and fertility, but the sand does not absorb water, so it is a very good drainage soil. If the flower-growing soil is mixed with an appropriate amount of river sand, you no longer have to worry about the problem of stagnant water.

When in use, coupled with rotten leaf soil and a small amount of base fertilizer, it can basically meet the soil needs of most flowers in the home, from green turnip, aloe, to gardenia and jasmine rich trees. The general proportion of sand is 1/3 or 1/4.

The river sand found by yourself should be cleaned before use and soaked in cold boiled water for two days, which can remove the salinity and alkalinity of the sand and reduce the occurrence of plant diseases.

Coal cinder

Cinder, as a domestic waste, is used to grow flowers, but it has a very good effect. Its internal structure is porous, itself is granular, drainage and air permeability is very good, used in succulent planting before, now flower friends in other flowers and plants planting and maintenance, also found a lot of its wonderful use.

The proportion of cinder and other soil can be adjusted between 1/5 and 1/2 according to the situation. Compared with the above three media, cinder itself contains more trace elements needed by plants, such as calcium, magnesium, iron and so on. The addition of humus can basically meet the planting needs of general flowers and plants.

In contrast to pine needle soil, cinder is slightly alkaline. When in use, be sure to select thoroughly burnt coal, break it into small particles, wash and soak with water, remove the alkaline substances in dust and cinder, and then sift out larger particles to prepare flower soil, breathable and drainage, the effect is very good. Don't throw away small particles, it's better to use them to raise seedlings.

Flowers and plants have the problem of rotting roots, next time change the soil, remember to add these materials, good drainage, no longer afraid of rotting roots!

Maintenance and management of flower bonsai overwintering

The low temperature and frost weather in winter may pose a serious threat to flowers and trees. In order to make flowers and trees survive the winter safely, we must first abide by the principle of "no entry in winter and no coming out in spring". "Winter does not enter": when the weather is just cold and there is no frost, for most flowers, do not rush to move indoors. "Spring doesn't come out": when the weather gets warmer, don't rush to move out. Wait until the last night frost in spring, and the weather gets better.

Five elements and matters needing attention in overwintering maintenance and Management of Flower Bonsai

One. Understand the cold-resistant temperature of flowers:

According to the different tolerance of different flowers and trees to low temperature, we should take different measures to prevent cold and keep warm, or move the flowers and trees directly into the room, or cover the flowerpots with plastic film, or cover the flowers and trees directly with plastic bags. you can also temporarily set up a simple small greenhouse to keep warm. Flowers and trees with strict lighting requirements should be placed on the indoor windowsill or near the windowsill where there is plenty of sunshine; if the lighting requirements are not strict or can withstand shade, they can be placed in a cool place without light, but pay attention to ventilation and ventilation. It is appropriate to open the window at noon on a sunny day for ventilation, but do not let the cold wind blow the flowers and trees directly.

1. For cold-resistant low-temperature, cold-temperature (5-12 ℃, 5-℃) flowers, such as pomegranate, rose, wax plum, sweet-scented osmanthus, palm, pedicel begonia and crape myrtle, can be placed in the outdoor courtyard or balcony facing the sun.

two。 Flowers that need to be kept at a medium temperature (12-20 ℃), such as Magnolia, Camellia, Azalea, Michelia, Gentleman, Golden Bell and four Seasons Begonia must be moved indoors before the temperature drops to 10 ℃.

3. For flowers that can only grow normally under high temperature (18-30 ℃), such as Milan, Fusang, jasmine, Euphorbia angustifolia, daffodils, epiphyllum, arrow lotus, cactus, safe tree, Magnolia, green apple, Fusang, poinsettia, begonia, jasmine, tortoise back bamboo, cactus and aloe, etc., must be moved indoors before the temperature drops to 12 ℃.

After the plants are moved into the room, they are also carefully placed. It should be placed in a warm place in the sun. Sun-loving plants before release, semi-shade-tolerant or shade-tolerant flowers, but also irregularly change direction. Windows should be opened for ventilation in the first week to allow plants to gradually adapt to temperature changes. Potted flowers moved indoors for beauty and to ensure effective absorption of nutrients.

Plants placed outdoors can be protected from cold by wind barriers. Common cold prevention measures include rhizome soil cultivation and soil mulching. Rhizome cultivation is to build a small mound in the neck of the tree root to prevent frostbite and reduce soil moisture evaporation. Flowers such as peonies, which cannot be moved indoors in the soil, can cover the whole plant in a large basket, and the basket is covered with mud, similar to a warm and humid small greenhouse.

two。 Pruning before winter:

Before overwintering, potted flowers should be pruned in time to reduce nutrient consumption and indoor space during overwintering. For the sake of beauty and effective absorption of nutrients, pruning of potted flowers is essential. Cutting off withered leaves, overdense branches, disease and insect branches and thin branches can fully provide nutrients to effective branches to make potted flowers thrive and pass the winter safely. for overgrown branches, pruning can be strengthened, bonsai ties that have been modeled for 1-2 years can be removed, or they can be re-tied after unfastening. In case it is tied up in a fixed position for a long time, injuring the cambium of the branches and causing the branches and leaves to die. The stump bonsai placed on the balcony, such as hammer elm, magpie plum, triangular maple, banyan tree, Luohan pine, cypress, cypress, etc., must be pruned as necessary. Jasmine, crape myrtle, pomegranate, etc., can be pruned in late autumn, reduce plant nutrient consumption in winter, promote potted flowers to store more nutrients, and make more flowers bloom in the coming year. Withered branches, dense branches, disease and insect branches, over-old branches and damaged branches can be removed with a sharp knife or scissors; for those that bloom in spring, it is only appropriate to remove non-flowering buds in autumn; for those that bloom in the current year, pruning should be strengthened to promote new shoots to prepare for flowers in the coming year; for those that have been frozen, but some of them still survive, heavy cutting can be carried out, and fertilizer and water management can be strengthened at the same time, so that flowers and trees can quickly return to growth.

three。 Matters needing attention for fertilization in winter:

Apply fertilizer and water once before overwintering. When overwintering, flowers generally stop fertilizing. Flowers and trees that are dormant or semi-dormant should stop fertilizing to avoid root rot, and fertilize only when changing pots in spring; flowers and trees that bloom in autumn, winter or early spring and those sown in autumn should be fertilized with thin fertilizer. In order to improve the cold resistance of flowers and trees, fertilization should be reduced at the end of autumn to avoid tender stems and leaves and reduce cold resistance.

four。 Points for attention in watering during the winter:

In winter, flowers and trees grow slowly, metabolism decreases, most of them go into dormancy, and water demand and evaporation are relatively reduced. The principle of watering is "better dry than wet". Do not water the pot soil before it is dry, especially shade-resistant flowers, and do not water too much, so as not to cause fallen leaves, rotten roots or death. Generally speaking, it is better to dry the basin soil and then pour enough water. The water temperature had better be about the same as the room temperature, or the flowers can be watered with 20-25 ℃ warm water. Watering flowers with warm water will accelerate the decomposition of organic matter in basin soil, promote the absorption of nutrients by root cells, and thus promote the growth of flowers. Watering is best done at noon when the light is good. If you water the flowers with tap water, it is best to store them for 1-2 days and wait for chlorine in the water to volatilize before use. At the same time, avoid watering flowers with water that contains soap or washing powder. Combined with watering, you can carefully wipe off the foliar dust with a wet cloth.

five。 Notes on ventilation of flowers and plants entering the room:

Pay attention to regular ventilation, preferably when there is a sunny day, or at noon when the temperature is high. When ventilating, we must also pay attention not to let the cold air blow the plant directly, so as to avoid adverse reactions.

VI. Pest control during the winter:

For flowers and trees that are prone to diseases and insect pests in the leaves of begonia, roses and camellia, collecting and burning the dead branches and leaves under their plants can reduce the occurrence of diseases next year. At the same time, carbendazim was sprayed for sterilization. For Botrytis cinerea of * * disease, rust and primroses, triadimefon or tocopherol can be used to prevent and cure respectively. When there is poor ventilation, aphids often appear on potted plants, such as Magnolia, Milan and so on. Imidacloprid can be used for control. For scale insects, of course, it is necessary to use targeted scale control. The common diseases of flowers and trees in winter are Baifenbo coal fouling disease, and the common pests are aphids, whitefly, mosquitoes and shells, etc. Effective measures should be taken to control them during the dormant period to reduce the occurrence of diseases and insect pests in the coming spring.

At the beginning of next spring, generally during the period from the Spring Equinox to the Qingming Festival, overwintering flowers can be moved outdoors and applied with fertilizer and water, such as bio-organic fertilizer, yellow leaves must be treated, trace element water-soluble fertilizer, and so on, so that flowers can grow normally in spring.