Measures for Prevention and Control of Diseases and insect pests in Flower planting

The main principle of prevention and control of plant diseases and insect pests in    is "prevention first, integrated control". The goal can be achieved from the little things of daily life. Below, Kobayashi introduces the prevention and control methods of diseases and insect pests in flower planting, hoping to help you.

When    buys flowers or seeds, do not buy plants and seeds with diseases and insect pests. At the beginning of cultivation, the soil needs to be disinfected to prevent the germs and eggs carried by the soil from infecting the plant. Disinfect the frequently used shears and tools to prevent diseases and mutual transmission between plants.

   maintains a clean, hygienic and ventilated environment. Timely clean up the plant disease and insect leaves, disease and insect branches, and concentrate on disposal and destruction. Increase the prevention and control of insect pests, the harm of insect pests is often greater than diseases.

When    chooses to cultivate, choose plants with strong growth and strong resistance to diseases and insect pests, and do not choose plants that are vulnerable to diseases and insect pests.

When applying    fertilizer, pay attention to the ratio between fertilizers, nitrogen fertilizer should not be excessive, otherwise plants are prone to crazy growth and decline in resistance to diseases and insect pests.

The plants with dense growth should be pruned and thinned properly by   , so that the interior of the plant can be ventilated and transparent, and the occurrence of diseases and insect pests can be reduced.

Water on    leaves for a long time will be beneficial to the infection of diseases. Ventilation should be strengthened to keep plant leaves dry.

For plants prone to disease,    should be treated in time in the early stage of the disease, and regular spray protection should be carried out.

   extended Reading:

Maintenance methods of weak raw piles of    bonsai

   weak stump refers to the stump that has branches and leaves but no roots, no secondary sprouting or hidden bud in that year, and cannot withstand drought, sun, injury or frost. Its leaves are too small, color stagnant and lifeless. Tree stumps suffering from drought, diseases and insect pests, fertilizer injuries, drug injuries and dying are also weak stumps.

   weak pile maintenance must be extra careful, the site should be cool and moist, often loosen the soil, and keep the basin soil permeable. The basin soil should be moist, damp and dry, especially not dry and dehydrated.

   must avoid sunlight, reduce evaporation and maintain tree growth in summer. There are few weak branches and leaves, so there is no need for physiological pruning, let alone fertilization.

   should mainly prevent frost in winter, strengthen maintenance measures, survive the severe cold in winter, and sprout in spring in the second year. If secondary buds or autumn buds are produced, there is hope of survival, and gradually grow normally, from weak to strong.

   plants can not only please the eyes, but also "nourish the heart". That's all for today's knowledge about flower planting. If you have your own opinions, you can communicate with you in the comments area. More knowledge of flower cultivation can be found in Huinong School.

Prevention and Control of Diseases and insect pests in Flower planting in Autumn due to the shorter sunshine time in the Northern Hemisphere in autumn, short sunshine flowers that do not like light can be planted at this time, especially the Compositae in herbaceous plants: Dutch chrysanthemum, chrysanthemum, black chrysanthemum, marigold and so on. In addition, common dahlia, cockscomb, a bunch of red, impatiens, petunia, canna, four seasons begonia, geranium, dwarf sunflower, wild goose red, beauty cherry and other plants are also suitable for October cultivation. Among woody plants, Milan, poinsettia, jasmine and aquatic flowers water lilies can also be cultivated in October.

In October, due to the influence of environmental changes, the cultivation methods of other plants should also be adjusted appropriately. Wang Hexiang told reporters that growing and protecting flowers in autumn should pay more attention to the following aspects. The sunshine time in autumn is obviously shortened, and the sun is also mild. Some plants that are afraid of summer sun, such as Boston fern, Brazilian wood, peacock taro, green apple, Brazilian iron, and so on, can be insolated outdoors in order to strengthen photosynthesis and accumulate nutrients. Water evaporation is relatively small in autumn, even some water-loving plants should reduce irrigation times and water consumption, otherwise there will be the risk of rotting roots. People are used to keeping flowers and plants outdoors all day in summer, and there has been frost at night after October. When the temperature is below 5 mi 10 degrees Celsius, flowers and plants must be moved indoors. At this time, many herbaceous plants have reached the seed-setting stage, and they can choose to retain mature and full seeds to prepare for sowing next year. Fertilization in autumn is characterized by more application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer and less application of nitrogen fertilizer to promote plant root growth. Common pests such as aphids, red spiders and scale insects in autumn can be killed with vinegar, 1 ∶ 10 and water, while frequent diseases such as powdery mildew and black spot can be prevented by strengthening ventilation. After entering autumn, the temperature and humidity are moderate and the light is good, which creates favorable conditions for the breeding and infection of some bacteria, and often causes serious harm to some flowers. The symptoms and control methods of several common diseases are introduced as follows: powdery mildew, such as melon and leaf chrysanthemum, rose, Dahlia, Chinese wolfberry, impatiens, hundred-day grass, big leaves, yellow poplar and other flowers suffer the most. The damaged part first showed sporadic white spots, then gradually expanded and spread, and developed rapidly. Under suitable conditions, the disease spot could cover the whole leaf in 7-10 days, and the leaf surface was covered with a layer of white powder, just like falling frost. when it is serious, the leaves wither and fall early. Plants lose photosynthesis, resulting in fewer flowers, small colors, and some can't even bloom. The disease occurs quickly and seriously under the conditions of dense stems and leaves, muggy weather, poor ventilation and light transmission, and moist soil. Prevention and control methods: 1, enhance ventilation and light transmission conditions; increase the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, avoid partial application of nitrogen fertilizer, watering can not be excessive, but also can not let basin soil stagnant water, of course, can not lack water; and timely removal of diseased leaves, diseased buds, pull out diseased plants, centralized burning. 2. Chemical control. At the beginning of the disease, some flowers can be sprayed with the same amount of Bordeaux liquid, or 1500 times of 25% trimethoprim, 1200 times of methyl topiramate and 1500 times of acetaminophen. The control effect can be improved when the above agents are used alternately. When you are seriously ill, you need to spray again every 7 days for 2 or 3 times. Brown spot is also mainly harmful to leaves. Brown spots appeared on the leaf surface at the beginning of the disease, and then the disease spots gradually expanded and connected into large spots, which were mostly irregular due to the limitation of leaf veins. There is a faded halo on the periphery, the edge is reddish brown, the center is gray-white, and black spots (conidia) are produced in the disease spot in the later stage. the leaves of the injured plants are easy to fall off, and the heavy ones do not exist, and the whole plant gradually withered from bottom to top. Flowers such as rhododendron, daffodil, jasmine, clove, sweet-scented osmanthus, pedicel begonia, heather and lotus suffer more seriously. Prevention and control methods: 1. Cut off diseased branches and leaves in time and burn them centrally to reduce the source of re-infection bacteria. 2. Chemical control. After the onset of the disease, you can spray 80% dimethoprim 500x solution, 65% Dysen zinc 800x solution, 12.5% Subali wettable powder 1000 times solution, 70% methyl topiramate 1200 times solution, etc., spray once every 7 minutes and 10 days, and spray 2rel 3 times in a row. Flower rot mainly harms flowers, buds and fruits, as well as leaves. Small reddish-brown disease spots appeared after the leaves were damaged, and then gradually expanded, resulting in a large number of gray-white mildew in the disease part. when the flower buds first appeared, the disease could be infected and rotted, and the diseased flowers showed yellowish brown wilt. the disease is easy to occur under the conditions of high humidity and fog. The disease does great harm to dahlia, cockscomb, rose, crape myrtle, hundred-day grass, wind immortal, pomegranate and other hanging fruit flowers. Prevention and control methods: 1, continuous rainy weather, to take rain-proof measures, do not let buds, flowers attacked by Rain Water. At ordinary times, it is necessary to strengthen cultivation management, increase the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, reasonable pruning, and enhance ventilation and light transmission. 2. Chemical control. Spraying Baume 3-5 degree stone sulfur mixture before the onset of the disease can play a protective and preventive role. At the beginning of the disease, it can be sprayed with 5% Tian'an water agent 1500 times, 50% bacilli special wettable powder 1500 times, and 75% chlorothalonil 1000 times. When seriously ill, it was sprayed every 7 times every 10 days for 2 or 3 consecutive times. First, control water and fertilizer: stop applying big fertilizer and watering one month before flowering. In the first half of the month, stop fertilization and control watering, generally with leaf wilting at noon and recovery in the evening, in order to control the growth situation of flowers, enhance the injury resistance of the young parts of flowers and plants, and prevent the soil from breaking up, so as to improve the survival rate. Especially for fleshy stems and leaves, the amount of watering should be controlled. Second, Qihua Tuo: when flowering, the size of the land should be determined according to the size of the Corolla. General soil block surface area should be slightly larger than the Corolla, straight root woody flowers (such as rubber trees, pomegranates, etc.) should be deeper, must root herbaceous flowers (such as longevity flowers, sea taros, etc.) can be shallow, but try to dig out all the roots, less damage to the root system. Third, on the pot: after the flowers and trees come out, soak the periphery of the land with water according to the size of the flowerpot, peel off the excess soil, so that the diameter of the soil block is slightly narrower than the diameter of the flowerpot, and the height of the soil block is 3 cm to 5 cm lower than the height of the pot. Plug the hole with broken tiles at the bottom of the flowerpot, fill in the culture soil of 2 cm to 4 cm, and add some hoof horn slices. After trimming the root system properly, gently put the flowered soil into the pot and fill it with culture soil around. Fourth, management: after putting on the basin, cut off some of the old leaves to reduce the evaporation of water. Pour water thoroughly and keep it in shade. Spray clear water to the leaves to cool and humidify. After 15 to 20 days, it can be transferred to normal management. How to prevent and control flower diseases? Principles and requirements for prevention and control of flower diseases and insect pests

In the first two articles, we talked about the harm of pests to flowers and the morphological characteristics of pests. Many flower friends left messages saying that they wanted to know how to control diseases and insect pests and how to raise flowers well. In fact, in the growth and development of flowers, due to the impact of the external environment, often stunted, and will cause leaf deformation, a variety of disease spots, and even death. Therefore, the prevention and control of diseases and insect pests is imperative. Below, the editor of Huinong Network will talk to you about the principles and requirements of flower pest control.

1. Choose a suitable cultivation environment.

Under normal circumstances, you should choose to plant flowers in a ventilated and sunny place. Where light, temperature and humidity can be reasonably adjusted, the occurrence of diseases and insect pests will be relatively reduced.

Timely removal of disease and insect plant remains and litter, and centralized destruction. Avoid repeated pollution in the process of production operation, pruning, ploughing, weeding, heart picking must be reasonable and scientific, and to prevent appliances and hands from transmitting germs to healthy plants. Diseased soil and pots cannot be reused without disinfection.

2. Select excellent cultivated seedlings.

When planting, you should choose disease-free seedlings, or seeds that are excellent and resistant to diseases and insect pests. Some diseases and insect pests spread with seeds and other reproductive materials. The cultivation and selection of pest-free seeds must be taken as an important measure for the prevention and control of these diseases. At the same time, the soil should be disinfected, and weeds should be eradicated frequently to eliminate the infection sources of diseases and insect pests.

3. Strengthen the daily management of science

Strengthen the scientific management of soil, fertilization and watering. Reasonable fertilization and irrigation will make the plant grow healthily, and when using organic fertilizer, it must be fully mature to reduce the source of infection; if inorganic fertilizer is used, we must pay attention to the balance between various elements to promote plant growth and enhance disease resistance. The method, frequency, amount and time of watering are all related to the growth and development and stress resistance of plants.

4. Scientific prevention and control of diseases and insect pests

There are generally three prevention and control methods:

(1) Biological control

The method of using bacteria to treat diseases, bacteria to control insects or insects to control insects.

(2) physical control

Mainly through heat treatment, mechanical barrier and radiation and other methods to control diseases and insect pests, such as plastic film mulching in early spring.

(3) Chemical control

In short, it is the use of drugs, the operation is simple, the effect is remarkable, but the environmental pollution is greater, so we should choose pesticides with low toxicity, high efficiency and low pollution to control diseases and insect pests, and should not apply pesticides indiscriminately.

The above are the principles and requirements for the prevention and control of flower diseases and insect pests sorted out by the editor of Huinong net. Have you learned all these? If you want to know more about agricultural technology, please follow Huinong School!