Propagation methods of potted spring feathers and control measures of main diseases and insect pests

How to grow spring feathers in potted plants? How do you breed? Spring feather is a common potted plant in the family courtyard, which is highly ornamental. Today, we will learn the cultivation techniques of potted spring feather reproduction and pest control with the editor of Huinong net.

I. Propagation methods

Sowing propagation, ramet propagation and cutting propagation can be used.

1. Sowing and reproduction

Sowing seeds in ① seedbed.

A. Seed treatment. Soaking the seeds for about 8 hours before sowing can germinate earlier and increase the germination rate. The optimum temperature for germination was 25 ℃ ~ 30 ℃ and germinated 7 ~ 10 days after sowing.

b. Get the seedbed ready. The seedbed should choose sandy loam with loose soil structure, low groundwater level, good drainage and rich in organic matter, and disinfect the soil. In order to avoid weeds in the future, chemical herbicides can be sprayed once.

c. Sow seeds. The sowing depth is about 2 ~ 3mm. After sowing, it is necessary to cover a layer of fine soil, spray enough water with a fine hole spray can, spray it once or twice a day, and begin to germinate after 1 week. When the seedlings grow 2 ~ 3 leaves, the thin mixed fertilizer of nitrogen and potassium can be applied once, and then once every 7 days.

② sowed seeds in shallow pots.

A. Sowing substrate. It can be prepared with sterilized loose sandy rotten leaf soil, or yellow mud, coconut bran and perlite filtered with a small sieve at the ratio of 3 ∶ 1 ∶ 1.

b. Sow seeds in shallow pots. It is best to use on-demand, can also be sown, but to be uniform, do not sow too dense, too dense will be detrimental to the growth of seedlings.

c. Spray water to moisturize. After sowing, spray through the water with a sprayer, then cover with a newspaper or plastic film, keep it moist for a long time, and wait for the seeds to germinate before opening.

two。 Ramet propagation

The vigorous growth of perennial plants can produce tillers at the base, and when the buds grow and adventitious roots appear, they can be divided and potted separately. You can also choose a plant with longer internodes, remove all the leaves except the terminal bud and one leaf, then cut off the terminal bud with 1 or 2 aerial roots and put it on the pot directly. The rest of the plants were kept in a moist and semi-shaded place to keep the soil moist. The base of the petiole of the internode of spring feather has a strong ability of regeneration, and new buds will sprout soon after the terminal bud is cut off. The plants with the top cut in early spring germinated several buds in the axils of the internodes after 20 days, and the bud spots could grow only one week after the top was cut off in July. The newly germinated buds can be cut off from the same part of the root after 20 days. Generally, a large seedling can be divided into more than 5 seedlings. After putting on the pot, the seedlings are first placed in a shady place, and after a week, you can see a little sunshine, and gradually turn to normal maintenance.

3. Cuttage propagation

From March to June, the best cutting medium is coarse river sand or fresh yellow mud, and the river sand should be washed with clean water several times before use. The sturdy stems without diseases and insect pests were selected as cuttings. After the branches were cut, the sturdy parts were selected and cut into 2-3 long segments. Cut off all the leaves. To reduce water evaporation. When inserted into the sand bed, the temperature is controlled at about 20 ℃ ~ 25 ℃, it can take root in about 20 ~ 25 days, and the new buds can be transplanted into the pot at about 3 ~ 5cm.

Second, daily management methods

1. Upper basin management

After putting on the pot, the seedlings are first placed in a shady place, and after a week, you can see a little sunshine, and gradually turn to normal maintenance. Spring feathers grow fast, so it is necessary to adjust the management of water, fertilizer, light and temperature.

two。 Watering

Spring feathers have higher requirements for moisture, keep the soil moist in the growing season, do not wait for the soil to dry before watering, and often spray water on the leaf surface and the ground to maintain the high humidity of the surrounding environment, which is not only conducive to growth, but also makes the leaves fresh and bright. Full of vitality. In winter, the amount of water should be reduced and the basin soil should be kept wet and dry. Generally, the water should be watered once every 3-5 days, and the water temperature should not be too low, otherwise it is easy to suffer frost damage.

3. Fertilizer application

Spring feather likes fertilizer, and it is appropriate to apply mature thin liquid fertilizer or special fertilizer for foliage plants once a month during the growing period. 0.2% urea and 0.1% potassium dihydrogen phosphate mixture can also be sprayed on the leaf surface, paying attention to less nitrogen fertilizer to prevent overgrowth. The Beginning of Autumn poured 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate 1-2 times before and after application to enhance cold resistance. After winter, the plant stops growing and topdressing should be stopped.

4. Temperature

The optimum temperature for spring feather growth is 15 ℃ ~ 28 ℃, in which the optimum temperature from March to September is 21 ℃ ~ 30 ℃, from October to February is 18 ℃ ~ 21 ℃, the dormant period is below 15 ℃, the overwintering temperature is 14 ℃ ~ 16 ℃, the winter room temperature is more than 8 ℃, the lowest can not be lower than 2 ℃. The larger plants can endure a low temperature of about 0 ℃ for a short time, and as long as the stems and roots are not frozen, they can quickly resume their growth the following spring.

5. Light

Chunyu prefers semi-overcast environment. In the growing season, direct sunlight should be avoided, and bright scattered light is better, such as the north side of the building and the shade of the trees. Sunshade nets can be built under conditions to maintain 50% ~ 70% light transmittance. The leaves are easy to burn or yellowing if the light is too strong, which affects the ornamental value. Indoor layout should be placed in a place with sufficient light, if it is in a dark environment for a long time, it is very disadvantageous to the growth of the plant.

III. Pest control

1. Disease

There are mainly leaf spot, gray leaf spot, gray mold, mosaic disease, anthrax, virus disease, soot disease, soft rot and so on.

① leaf spot. The disease spot is nearly round or irregular, light brown or grayish brown, the margin is raised, and the boundary between the healthy part is obvious. There are small black spots on the disease spot, and most of them are born on the vein, and only a few small black spots can be seen on the back of the leaf. Prevention and treatment: after the appearance of disease spot, spray 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder 600x or 12% green EC 600x, 50% Baike wettable powder 800x, 50% chlorobromoisochlorouric acid (germicidal king) water soluble powder 1000 ~ 1200 times. Once a week, spray 2-3 times continuously and use alternately to prevent drug resistance.

② gray spot. The leaf spot is nearly round to irregular, grayish brown to grayish white, the disease part is easy to break and fall off, forming irregular perforation, and the edge of the spot often remains a circle of diseased tissue. There are small black grains on the spot surface, which is the sporangium of the fruiting body of the disease. Prevention and treatment methods: at the initial stage of the disease, 50% carbendazim wettable powder solution, or 20% compound thiophanate 600-fold solution, or 40% flusilazole EC 8000 times, or 50% Shibaogong wettable powder 8000 times, or 69% Anke manganese zinc + 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder (1 ∶ 1) 1200 times, or 65% carbendazim wettable powder 800 times, sprayed once every 7-15 days. Spray 2 ~ 3 times continuously and use alternately to prevent drug resistance.

③ Botrytis cinerea. The disease spot on the leaf occurs at the leaf margin, nearly round to irregular, water-stained, light brown to brown, sometimes with rims. The disease spot on the stem has irregular long strip shape, showing brown, and the stem soft rot collapses when it is seriously damaged. Buds are infected to produce withered buds and deformities in varying degrees. Grey mold layer can be produced in all the affected parts.

Prevention and treatment: spray 500 times of 40% germicidal Dan wettable powder at the initial stage of the disease, once every 10 days, 3 ~ 4 times continuously.

④ mosaic disease. The appearance of yellow-green spots on the leaf surface is mosaic-like, the leaf surface is wrinkled or twisted, and the ornamental value is reduced. Prevention and treatment methods: at the initial stage of the disease, 7.5% Keduling water was sprayed with 900x solution or 32% Ningnanmycin 250x solution, 10% Baolifeng virus Rike, each drug was mixed with water for 10 ~ 15kg, once every 10 ~ 15 days, continuous prevention and treatment for 2 ~ 3 times. The nursery room should use gauze at the entrance and exit to prevent aphids from moving in and transmitting virus.

⑤ anthrax. The symptoms of the disease are similar to the initial symptoms of Botrytis cinerea, which mainly occur at the leaf crack and on the leaf surface. In the initial stage, the plaque expanded to form irregular large spots, brown, yellow halo outside the edge, obvious wheel pattern in the later stage of the disease, and the central tissue was light brown. There are small black grains in the upper whorl. Prevention and treatment methods: at the initial stage of the disease, 25% carbendazim wettable powder 500 times, or 50% methyl topiramate wettable powder 500 times, or 50% carbendazim wettable powder 800 times, once every 10 days, prevention and treatment 2 ~ 3 times.

⑥ virus disease. The leaf margin is wavy and curled, the leaf is twisted and uneven, some leaves are mottled with yellow and green, the leaf is thickened, the tip is small and hard. Prevention and treatment: 0.5% antitoxin No. 1 600 times solution, or 2% Ningnanmycin 200 ~ 300 times solution, 4% Blian biotin 200 ~ 300 times solution, spray 2 hours before sunset, once every 10 days, prevention and treatment 2 ~ 3 times.

⑦ soot disease. The disease occurs on the leaves damaged by scale insects and forms an irregular layer of dirty black coal powder on the diseased leaves. Prevention and control methods: spray 1000-1200 times of metacarpine emulsion, or 40% omethoate EC, or 50% malathion EC when the shellfish population density is high. The effect of spraying during the peak incubation period is good.

⑧ soft rot. At the beginning of the disease, the leaves wilted and drooped in sunny days, returned to normal in cloudy days or sooner or later, and the veins of the injured leaves turned dark brown. Prevention and treatment methods: before and at the beginning of the disease, 1000 times of the original powder of dioxone or 38% cuproloxil, or 50% benzoylammonium, or 77% copper hydroxide wettable powder can be sprayed every 7 ~ 10 days for 2 ~ 3 times, and the severe cases can be treated with root irrigation.

two。 Insect pest

There are mainly shell insects, red spiders and so on.

① scale. Often clustered on stems, leaves and flowers.

Control methods: according to the occurrence of shell insects, spray in the peak period of nymphs. It can be sprayed with 1000 times of omethoate, 1200 times of malathion, 255x of imidophos, 800x of 50% dichlorvos, or 2000 times of 2.5% deltamethrin. Spray once every 7 ~ 10 days for 2 ~ 3 times.

② red spider. The initial symptoms are leaf chlorosis, leaf margin rolling upward, resulting in withering and shedding, causing bud atrophy in the early stage and plant death in severe cases.

Prevention and control methods: it was found that the harm could be 1000 ~ 1200 times of triclofenac EC, 2000 times of 20% mifenjing wettable powder, 2000 times of 15% chlorpromazine EC and 4000 ~ 6000 times of mifen EC. Once a week, spray 3 ~ 4 times continuously, the effect is remarkable.

That's all about the planting method of spring feather potted plants today. Friends who have planted spring feathers at home can read and learn more.

Breeding methods and matters needing attention of potted plant spring feathers

Spring feather, also known as spring taro, is a perennial evergreen herbaceous foliage plant of the Araceae family. The feather leaves are huge, thick pinnately split, dark green and rich in luster, petiole long and stout, and graceful plant shape. It is suitable for decorating the lobby, indoor garden, office and family living room and study of the hotel. Let's take a look at the breeding methods and matters needing attention of Chunyu.

The growth habit of spring feather

Chunyu likes high temperature and humid environment, light requirements are not strict, not cold-resistant, dark-resistant, like fertile, loose, well-drained slightly acidic soil, avoid strong light. Like warm, humid semi-shady environment, afraid of cold, overwintering temperature should not be lower than 5 ℃, the suitable temperature for growth is 20-30 ℃, about 10 ℃ began to grow. The requirement of soil is not strict, it is better to grow in sandy loam rich in humus and good drainage, and potted soil is often mixed with peat and perlite to prepare nutrient soil.

The breeding method of spring feather

The reproduction of spring feather has ramet or cutting method. In general, strong-growing plants can sprout and tiller at the base, and after they take root, they can be removed and planted. Or cut off the upper part of the plant into a plant, the base of the old plant will sprout several buds, these buds can be used for reproduction. In the tropics, fresh seeds can also be used for propagation, and the optimum temperature for germination is 25-30 ℃.

The culture method of spring feather

1. Soil: spring feather culture is not strict with soil, it is better to use sandy loam rich in humus and good drainage, and potted plants are generally made of peat and perlite.

2. Watering: spring feather likes a humid environment and has a large demand for water. It is necessary to keep the basin soil moist during the growth cycle, especially in the summer high temperature period, but not too much watering. The accumulation of water in the basin soil can easily lead to root rot and death of spring feather plants.

3. Sunshine: Chunyu is not strict with light and is not resistant to long-term shady environment, otherwise it will cause lighter leaves, longer petioles and sagging leaves. Also can not be directed by strong light, otherwise the leaf is easy to appear leaf tip dry, leaf edge scorched edge, leaf color whitening and loss of luster.

4. Fertilization: spring feathers need to provide sufficient fertilizer in the period of vigorous growth, mainly nitrogen fertilizer is better, at the same time, pay attention to do not apply too much fertilizer at one time, it is best to apply thin fertilizer frequently. After autumn, we should pay attention to control the amount of fertilizer application, and stop fertilization when the temperature is below 20 ℃.

5. Diseases and pests: the diseases of spring feather include leaf spot, anthracnose and so on. Carbendazim, methyl thiophanate and Dysen zinc are generally used to control them, and the effect is obvious. Insect pests are mainly red spiders, shell insects and so on, which can be controlled by spraying, and environmental management should be strengthened at the same time.

6. Pruning: spring feathers will begin to appear yellow leaves, withered leaves, scorched leaves and other conditions after spring feather breeding for a period of time, which should be checked. If it is not caused by diseases, but just simple metabolism, then old leaves need to be pruned in time to reduce the loss of plant nutrients.

Matters needing attention in spring feather culture

1. Chunyu likes a warm climate, and the breeding temperature needs to be kept at about 20 ℃, not less than 10 ℃, while avoiding heating, air conditioning and cold wind.

2. Chunyu has a great demand for water, and the air humidity is required to be kept between 50% and 75%, which is less than 50% of the dry edge of yellow leaves.

3. Spring feather watering is best carried out when the surface of basin soil is dry, and can be kept moist in high temperature in summer. If the ambient temperature is lower than 15 ℃ in winter, dry and wet alternating watering is needed.

4. Chunyu likes to shine but avoids strong direct light. It is best to maintain the environment in a semi-shady or scattered place, not in a shady environment for a long time.

5. Spring feather fertilization is based on the principle of diligent application of thin fertilizer, mainly nitrogen fertilizer, and it is best to apply more thin fertilizer, applying a small amount of fertilizer every other week (or more), so that there will be no fertilizer damage.

6. Spring plume ventilation is very important, but remember not to over-ventilate, because indoor plants are different from outdoor plants, and greenhouse plants can not immediately adapt to the external environment.

Breeding methods and matters needing attention of spring feathers breeding methods of spring feathers

Spring feather, also known as spring taro, is a perennial evergreen herb foliage plant of the Araceae family. The feather leaves are huge, thick pinnately split, dark green and rich in luster, long and stout petiole, graceful plant shape, suitable for decorating the lobby, indoor garden, office and family living room and study of the hotel. Today, the editor of wed114 wedding network brings you the breeding methods and matters needing attention of spring feathers, and shares the breeding methods of spring feathers.

The culture method of spring feather

1. Soil: spring feather culture is not strict with soil, it is better to use sandy loam rich in humus and good drainage, and potted plants are generally made of peat and perlite.

2. Watering: spring feather likes a humid environment and has a large demand for water. It is necessary to keep the basin soil moist during the growth cycle, especially in the summer high temperature period, but not too much watering. The accumulation of water in the basin soil can easily lead to root rot and death of spring feather plants.

3. Sunshine: Chunyu is not strict with light and is not resistant to long-term shady environment, otherwise it will cause lighter leaves, longer petioles and sagging leaves. Also can not be directed by strong light, otherwise the leaf is easy to appear leaf tip dry, leaf edge scorched edge, leaf color whitening and loss of luster.

4. Fertilization: spring feathers need to provide sufficient fertilizer in the period of vigorous growth, mainly nitrogen fertilizer is better, at the same time, pay attention to do not apply too much fertilizer at one time, it is best to apply thin fertilizer frequently. After autumn, we should pay attention to control the amount of fertilizer application, and stop fertilization when the temperature is below 20 ℃.

5. Diseases and pests: the diseases of spring feather include leaf spot, anthracnose and so on. Carbendazim, methyl thiophanate and Dysen zinc are generally used to control them, and the effect is obvious. Insect pests are mainly red spiders, shell insects and so on, which can be controlled by spraying, and environmental management should be strengthened at the same time.

6. Pruning: spring feathers will begin to appear yellow leaves, withered leaves, scorched leaves and other conditions after spring feather breeding for a period of time, which should be checked. If it is not caused by diseases, but just simple metabolism, then old leaves need to be pruned in time to reduce the loss of plant nutrients.

The growth habit of spring feather

Chunyu likes high temperature and humid environment, light requirements are not strict, not cold-resistant, dark-resistant, like fertile, loose, well-drained slightly acidic soil, avoid strong light. Like warm, humid semi-shady environment, afraid of cold, overwintering temperature should not be lower than 5 ℃, the suitable temperature for growth is 20-30 ℃, about 10 ℃ began to grow. The requirement of soil is not strict, it is better to grow in sandy loam rich in humus and good drainage, and potted soil is often mixed with peat and perlite to prepare nutrient soil.

The breeding method of spring feather

The reproduction of spring feather has ramet or cutting method. In general, strong-growing plants can sprout and tiller at the base, and after they take root, they can be removed and planted. Or cut off the upper part of the plant into a plant, the base of the old plant will sprout several buds, these buds can be used for reproduction. In the tropics, fresh seeds can also be used for propagation, and the optimum temperature for germination is 25-30 ℃.

Matters needing attention in spring feather culture

1. Chunyu likes a warm climate, and the breeding temperature needs to be kept at about 20 ℃, not less than 10 ℃, while avoiding heating, air conditioning and cold wind.

2. Chunyu has a great demand for water, and the air humidity is required to be kept between 50% and 75%, which is less than 50% of the dry edge of yellow leaves.

3. Spring feather watering is best carried out when the surface of basin soil is dry, and can be kept moist in high temperature in summer. If the ambient temperature is lower than 15 ℃ in winter, dry and wet alternating watering is needed.

4. Chunyu likes to shine but avoids strong direct light. It is best to maintain the environment in a semi-shady or scattered place, not in a shady environment for a long time.

5. Spring feather fertilization is based on the principle of diligent application of thin fertilizer, mainly nitrogen fertilizer, and it is best to apply more thin fertilizer, applying a small amount of fertilizer every other week (or more), so that there will be no fertilizer damage.

6. Spring plume ventilation is very important, but remember not to over-ventilate, because indoor plants are different from outdoor plants, and greenhouse plants can not immediately adapt to the external environment.