How to grow lavender? Efficient planting technology of lavender

How do you grow lavender? Lavender is a very beautiful flower, which is highly ornamental in garden application. The following editor will bring you garden lavender cultivation and management techniques.

1 Variety characteristics

Lavender is moderately resistant to cold. Much branched, plant height up to 1m, leaves gray-green, opposite, linear lanceolate, leaf length 2~5cm, width about 0.2cm. Young twigs herbs, branches semi-lignified, dry is not strong. In the first year, the plant height was 25~35cm, and there were 20 to 30 branches in clusters. In the later years, the plant height was more than 40cm, and more than 50 branches were clustered. The whole plant is fragrant. The florescence is from May to June.

2 selection of planting site

The producing area of lavender grassland is Mediterranean climate, which likes the climatic conditions of rainy and humid spring, dry summer without extreme heat, bright and rainy autumn and short cold winter. The site with open, good ventilation and smooth drainage should be selected in the south of the Yangtze River, which requires loam or sandy loam with deep soil layer, loose soil, good air permeability, high content of organic matter, neutral or slightly alkaline loam, and groundwater level below 2m. There are no malignant weeds; the ecological environment is good, far away from pollution sources, and the air quality is good.

(3) soil improvement and land preparation

Lavender likes neutral and slightly alkaline soil, while the soil in Nanjing area is mostly acidic, so quicklime can be used to improve the soil. At the same time, the planting land should be deeply applied with high-quality organic fertilizer for 1530 t/hm2. Nanjing area is rainy, in order to facilitate drainage, it is generally planted with "high ridge and deep furrow", with a ridge width of about 1.5m, a ditch depth of more than 40cm and a furrow width of about 40cm.

4 transplanting and colonization

4.1 Seedling selection

In order to ensure the survival rate and rapid growth of seedlings, strong seedlings with exuberant growth should be purchased or selected. Lavender is often propagated by cuttings. Annual strong seedling standard: full terminal bud, stout branches, well-developed root system, no diseases and insect pests, height of about 20 cm, crown diameter of 8: 10 cm, healthy lavender cutting seedlings.

4.2 Transportation and preservation of seedlings

In order to ensure the survival rate of seedlings, the following points should be paid attention to in the process of transportation: ① should keep the soil ball integrity of seedling roots as far as possible, and it is best to transport directly with hole trays or nutrition bowls; pay attention to shading, cooling, water conservation and avoid withering of roots, branches and leaves caused by sun exposure and high temperature in ② transportation. After arriving at the planting site, ③ seedlings should be moved from the more airtight space such as cartons to a cool and ventilated place to spray water to moisturize and improve the survival rate.

4.3 Seedling planting

It is better to choose the planting time in early spring or autumn, generally in mid-late March or late September to early October. Plant spacing 30cm, row spacing 40cm. About 52500 plants / hm2 were planted. The root water should be irrigated in time after planting. Pay attention to regular haircut during the growing period in order to form a good plant type.

5. Field management

5.1 Fertilizer and water management soil nutrients directly affect the growth of seedlings, and the fertilizer and water needed by plants should be replenished in time according to the soil condition in the process of production. It is mainly divided into base fertilizer, pre-anthesis fertilizer and water, post-anthesis fertilizer and overwintering fertilizer. The base fertilizer is applied deeply when improving the soil and preparing the soil.

5.1.1 fertile water before anthesis. In Nanjing area, the weather warms up in mid-late February, plants begin to grow, lavender blossoms in May-June, February-April is the most critical period affecting its flowering and growth, so fertilizer and water need to keep up. In March, 225 kg/hm2 compound fertilizer was applied.

The water demand is the most from germination to flowering, and the lack of water in this period will seriously affect the growth and development and the number of flowers. Nanjing is generally rainy in spring and does not need irrigation.

5.1.2 fertile water after anthesis. Fertilizer and water after anthesis is an important factor affecting the success of plants in summer. After anthesis, there is an urgent need for nutrient elements to supplement the nutrients consumed by the plant at flowering stage. at the same time, phosphate and potassium fertilizer can improve the stress resistance of the plant and help the plant to pass the summer smoothly. In this period, the supplementary fertilizers are mainly phosphate fertilizer and potassium fertilizer, and phosphate fertilizer 225kg/hm2 and potassium fertilizer 225kg/hm2 are applied.

In this period, water management is mainly drainage, high temperature and humidity in summer and stagnant water in roots are important causes of lavender plant death, especially before and after rainfall to clear ditches in time to facilitate drainage.

5.1.3 overwintering fertile water. Before overwintering, base fertilizer should be applied in autumn, mainly organic fertilizer and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer. Generally, base fertilizer was applied in November, and early application of base fertilizer could promote the secondary growth of root system, which was beneficial to plant overwintering reserve, and applied organic fertilizer 15~30t/hm2, nitrogen fertilizer 375kg/hm2, phosphate fertilizer 375kg/hm2, potash fertilizer 750 500kg/hm2. Ditch application or acupoint application was used.

The plant is dormant during the overwintering period, and there is no need for too much water during this period. Nanjing area is warm and humid in winter, which can meet the growth requirements of lavender.

5.2 Intermediate tillage and weeding

Weeding in mid-tillage can not only eliminate weeds, but also maintain soil moisture, loosen soil, enhance air permeability, promote root development, enhance absorptive capacity, and promote plant growth. According to irrigation and weed growth, timely intertillage weeding should be carried out to ensure that there are no weeds before flowering, five or six times a year. Using chemical herbicides, the corresponding herbicides can be selected according to the types of weeds in the field, but care should be taken to avoid spraying liquid on lavender plants. Just planted seedlings, the use of herbicides is not recommended.

5.3 shaping and pruning

In the whole growth process of lavender, two times of shaping and pruning should be carried out in order to maintain its excellent plant type and ensure ventilation and light transmission of the plant.

5.3.1 Summer scissors. After flowering (mid-late June), the rainy season is about to enter, and the flowers have finished blooming, so the plants can be pruned. Light shearing is mainly used to cut off overdense branches, branches of diseases and insect pests and residual flowers of plants to ensure that the plants are highly consistent, ventilated and transparent, which is conducive to the smooth passage of summer.

5.3.2 Winter scissors. Before overwintering (mid-November), combined with winter seedling cutting. Lavender in Nanjing after a long period of high temperature and rainy weather in summer will produce some diseased branches, dead branches, drooping branches, etc., winter shearing is mainly to cut off disease and insect pests branches, dead branches, drooping branches, and combined with shaping, mainly light to moderate pruning, so that a single plant is spherical, pruning should not be cut to the Lignified part, so as not to affect the overwintering ability of the plant and re-pruning leading to low germination rate in the coming year.

5.4 Control of major diseases and insect pests

5.4.1 Disease control. Lavender is afraid of high temperature and humidity weather, there are too many Rain Water in summer, which can easily lead to diseases, such as root rot, Fusarium wilt and white silk disease, which are easy to occur under high temperature and stagnant water conditions.

Control methods: ① selected disease-resistant varieties; ② applied mature organic fertilizer, balanced application of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer; ③ planting in high ridges and deep furrows, enhanced ventilation and light penetration, proper shading in summer, timely drainage after rain; ④ cut off diseased branches in time, removed seriously diseased plants, and irrigated roots with fungicides once every 10 to 15 days for 3 consecutive times.

5.4.2 Pest control. Lavender pests are less common, there are aphids and underground pest grubs. Aphids often occur in late April and early and mid-May. Pesticide control should be carried out in advance. Imidacloprid can be sprayed twice at intervals of 7 to 10 days. Grubs are often harmful to roots, and cypermethrin is often used for root irrigation control.

6 conclusion

The key to planting lavender in Nanjing area is to pass the summer. The high temperature and humidity weather is easy to cause lavender disease and death. In summer, ventilation, cooling and dehumidification are carried out through cultivation measures such as pruning, shading, ditch cleaning, chemical control and so on. In addition, the disease resistance of the plant should be improved by cultivation measures such as soil fertility improvement, shaping and pruning, middle ploughing and weeding in winter and spring.

All right, the cultivation and management techniques of lavender are summarized, and florists in need can refer to and learn more!

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