Cultivation and management methods of potted goldfish flowers and key points of pest control

How to raise goldfish flowers? Goldfish flower is a kind of flower with unique shape and personality. Today, the editor of Huinong Network will tell you about the culture methods and pest management of potted goldfish flowers.

1 Botanical characteristics

Goldfish stem climbing trailing, branches slender and drooping, densely brown velutinous; internodes short, with roots and opposite leaflets above, oval, fleshy leathery, neatly arranged, long 1.5~2cm, dark green and glossy leaves, reddish brown in the middle of the leaves. Flower solitary leaf axil, flower shape strange, synpetal tube-shaped, larger, apex deeply split, upper lip 4-lobed, lower lip bent downward, much like goldfish, orange, with yellow spots on the throat. The florescence often blossoms under suitable conditions from winter to the following spring.

2 biological characteristics

Goldfish flowers are native to tropical American forests and are epiphytic on tree trunks and rocks. Its sex likes a warm and humid environment. Like sunshine, lack of sunshine can easily cause leaves to become thinner, petiole slender, and not easy to bloom. It is resistant to drought and not resistant to water stains, and grows best on weak acid soil with loose and fertile soil and good drainage.

3Propagation

Goldfish flower can be sown, divided and propagated by cuttings. Because the seed is not easy to obtain, most of them do not use sowing and propagation, and cuttage propagation is commonly used. In spring and autumn, the branches (3-4 nodes) of about 10cm were cut and inserted into the cutter made of river sand or vermiculite to maintain high humidity. When the temperature is 20-25 ℃, it can take root in about 1 month, strengthen the management after rooting and survive, promote the extraction of new branches, and carry out coring to promote branches. It can be planted in pot after 1-2 months.

4 cultivation and management

4.1 soil

The pot soil for the cultivation of goldfish flower should be sandy loam soil with loose and fertile, good drainage and ventilation, rich in organic matter, preferably planted with peat soil or rotten leaf soil, or mixed with perlite and peat soil according to different proportions to make it weakly acidic to facilitate growth.

4.2 moisture

Goldfish flower is a succulent plant, watering should be appropriate, preferring less than more. Do not like extra-dry and too wet, generally watered once after planting, and then watered according to the dry and wet condition. Water can be watered every two weeks in spring and autumn and once every four or five days in summer. In hot and hot weather, a small sprayer can be used to spray water to the leaf surface regularly to increase air humidity. The rainy season keeps a little dry in winter. If the leaves lose luster and a large number of leaves fall off in the process of growth, it may be caused by the rot of fibrous roots caused by too much watering. At this time, the soil balls must be taken out of the basin, the rotten whisker roots must be cut off, and the basin soil should be replanted after mixing with dry soil.

4.3 Lighting

Goldfish flowers like light, and can accept full light in spring and autumn, while sunshades are required to be built in summer, or placed on the north windowsill to avoid at least a few hours of direct sunlight around noon. Therefore, when keeping at home, it should be placed in a place with strong indoor light or on the balcony, otherwise it is easy to cause fallen leaves. Often receive sunshine outdoors, which can promote more flowering.

4.4 temperature

The suitable temperature for goldfish flower growth is 16 ~ 26 ℃. Too high or too low temperature will affect the growth. In warm spring and autumn, branches can constantly branch and grow new leaves; growth stagnation occurs when the summer temperature exceeds 30 ℃, so watering should be controlled in a cool and ventilated place; when the winter is lower than 10 ℃, it should be dormant, and it should be moved indoors for overwintering, and the overwintering room temperature should not be less than 5 ℃, otherwise it is easy to suffer frost damage.

4.5 fertilization

The fertilizer demand of goldfish flower depends on the growth status of the plant. Under normal circumstances, when the seedlings are transplanted, 2030 slow-release organic compound fertilizer particles are added to the pot soil, and then the organic fertilizer is buried again combined with changing the basin. The application of thin cake fertilizer and water once or twice a month and the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer before and during flowering can promote more flowering of the plant. When the plant stops growing in summer and after dormancy in winter, fertilizer should be stopped to avoid fertilizer damage.

4.6 Disease and pest control

Goldfish flower pests are less, in places where the environment is too wet and the environment is poor, there may be some small flying insects overwintering on the branches in winter, but will not affect the growth of the plant. In summer, Spodoptera litura larvae sometimes eat leaves on branches, and the gnawed leaves will appear as a sieve or only leaves veins. At this time, plants can be sprayed with 800-fold liquid of Lesbon for 2 or 3 times. Be careful and thoughtful when spraying, and it can also be combined with manual hunting.

The diseases of goldfish flowers are mainly fungal diseases. At the initial stage of the disease, the leaves curled and wrinkled in the form of water stains, followed by yellowish-brown plaques. At this time, 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder 600x liquid or 27% high-fat membrane and 10% salicylic acid mixture 1000 times were sprayed on the leaf surface for 3 times. The effect is good. At the same time of using chemical control, we should strengthen the management, enhance ventilation and ventilation, and remove the diseased and residual branches in time to reduce the source of infection.

Flower growers who want to grow goldfish flowers can come to Huinong Network to learn more about the cultivation techniques of goldfish flowers. There are more wonderful contents here.

Cultivation and Management of potted Kangaroo Flower (Picture)

Kangaroo flower, alias goldfish flower, puffer fish flower, belongs to Gesneriaceae kangaroo flower belongs to perennial evergreen herb. The stem branch is reddish brown, curving downward, and the plant height is 20~30cm. Leaves opposite, oval, fleshy leathery, arranged neatly and compactly, long 1.5~2cm, dark green with luster on the leaf surface, reddish brown in the middle of the leaf back; flowers solitary leaf axils, peculiar flower shape, central expansion, narrowing and pointed at both ends, similar to kangaroo, hence the name kangaroo flower. The flowers are orange-yellow, the sepals are orange-red at the tip, and the flowers are small and plastic-like. Used to decorate the balcony or put it indoors to watch leaves and flowers, the effect is very ideal.

Biological characteristics

Kangaroo flowers are native to Brazil in South America. Like warm and sunny environment, lack of sunshine can easily cause leaves to become thinner, petiole slender, and not easy to blossom. It is resistant to drought and moisture, and grows best on loose, fertile and well-drained soil. The flowering period is the most in winter and spring, but it can often blossom under suitable conditions.

Cultivation and management

Soil and soil is not only the basis of plant growth, but also the hotbed of root system, and its quality directly affects the growth of plants. The pot soil for cultivating kangaroo flower should be sandy loam soil with loose and fertile, good drainage and ventilation, rich in organic matter. It is best to use peat soil or rotten leaf soil, or use perlite and peat soil mixed according to different proportions, and make drainage layer with broken tiles at the bottom to facilitate drainage.

Water kangaroo flower is a succulent plant, watering should be appropriate, it is better to have less than more. Because do not like extra-dry and too wet, it is generally watered once after planting, and can be watered every 2 weeks depending on the soil drought, and once every 4-5 days in summer. In the hot and hot season, the air is relatively dry, and a small sprayer can be used to spray water to the leaves regularly to increase air humidity. Pay attention to keeping a little dry during the rainy season and winter. If the leaves lose luster and a large number of leaves fall off in the process of growth, it may be caused by the rot of fibrous roots caused by too much watering. At this time, the soil balls must be taken out of the basin, the rotten fibrous roots must be cut off, and the basin soil should be replanted after mixing with dry soil.

Kangaroo flowers like bright light, spring and autumn can accept full light, summer requires the construction of a shade shed, or placed on the north windowsill, to avoid at least a few hours of direct sunlight around noon. It is best to receive 50% sunshine and 60% sunshine for a long time. Therefore, housekeeping should not be placed in the darker living room, should be placed on the balcony with strong light, otherwise it is easy to cause fallen leaves. Often receive sunshine outdoors, which can promote more flowering.

Temperature kangaroo flowers like cool, the suitable temperature for growth is 20 ℃ ~ 25 ℃, the temperature is too high and too low will affect its growth. In the warm spring and autumn season, branches can constantly branch and grow new leaves, and the growth will stagnate when the temperature exceeds 30 ℃, so they will enter dormancy when the temperature is lower than 10 ℃ in summer, and they should move indoors for overwintering, and the overwintering room temperature should not be less than 5 ℃, otherwise they are vulnerable to freezing injury.

The fertilizer demand of kangaroo flower depends on the growth status of the plant. Under normal circumstances, when the seedlings are transplanted, 2030 slow-release organic compound fertilizer particles are added to the pot soil, and then the organic fertilizer is buried again combined with changing the basin. Less application of sparse pancake fertilizer or phosphorus and potassium fertilizer every season can promote more flowering of the plant. After the plants stop growing in summer and dormant in winter, fertilizer should be stopped so as not to cause fertilizer damage to the roots.

Pest control

There are few insect pests in kangaroo flowers. In places where the environment is too wet and the environment is poor, there may be some small flying insects overwintering on the branches in winter, but it will not affect the growth of the plant. In summer, sometimes Spodoptera litura larvae gnaw on the branches to eat mesophyll and leaves, and the gnawed leaves will appear as a sieve net or only leaves veins. At this time, plants and soil can be sprayed with 800 times liquid for 3 times. Be careful and considerate when spraying, can also be combined with artificial hunting. Normal maintenance will be carried out after the pest is eliminated.

The disease of kangaroo flower is mainly fungal disease. at the initial stage of the disease, the leaves curl and wrinkle like water stains, followed by yellowish-brown plaques. At this time, we can use 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder 600x liquid or spray foliar surface 2 times with 27% high fat film and 10% salicylic acid mixture for 3 times. The effect is good. At the same time of chemical control, it is necessary to strengthen management and enhance ventilation and permeability. In addition, the disease and residual branches should be removed in time to reduce the source of infection.