Propagation methods and field management techniques of Iris vulgaris

Dwarf purple kite tail body beautiful, graceful, blue-purple flowers, with blue-purple stripes and spots, bright colors. The shape of Iris is similar to that of lilies. Short purple bud iris is adaptable and can endure cold and dry environment. It turned green in the first ten days of April, flowering from 4 to 5 months, fruit from 7 to 8 months, and withered and yellow in the middle of November. Short purple bud iris is a common ornamental flower in garden. Can be used for courtyard cultivation, flower border, flower bed, lawn planting, is an excellent spring flowers, summer and autumn foliage ground cover plants. Let's talk about some of the growth habits of Iris.

Short purple bud iris is a perennial flower, which is suitable for cultivation in soils with good air permeability and drainage conditions. The tufted dwarf purple bud kite tail is dug from the field and can be wrapped in a plastic bag to avoid dehydration of the plant root during transportation.

The method of propagation of short purple bud iris: the method of plant division is usually used to propagate. The whole cluster of the mother plant used for vegetative propagation was dug up, and each new sprouting tiller bud rooting was cut off from the connected old rhizome to serve as propagation buds. Before making the bed, according to soil fertility, combined with soil preparation, the seedling land was applied with organic fertilizer as base fertilizer, and the soil was disinfected and insecticidal. Making border: the length of the border is 10 ~ 20m and the width is 1 ~ 1.5m. The treated shoots were planted on the seedling beds in time to maintain good soil moisture and create good conditions for seedling planting. Water the sprouts immediately after they are planted. After the soil is loose for 2 ~ 3 days, straighten and cover the soil in time for the seedlings lodged by irrigation and the seedlings with exposed roots.

Planting time of short purple bud iris: the best time for transplanting of short purple bract iris is from late April to early May.

Field management of dwarf purple bud kite tail: in the early stage of transplanting, the sunshade net should be covered in order to avoid plant dehydration or sunburn. In the evening when the light is not strong, water is watered every 2 days. But when the weather is hot, in order to avoid the death of the plant due to lack of water, it should be watered in time. Short purple bract iris is resistant to barren, extensive management, field management should pay attention to regular watering, weeding, control of diseases and insect pests, in order to facilitate plant growth.

Application of dwarf purple bract kites in gardens: dwarf purple bract kites have green leaves, peculiar flowers, bright colors, strong vitality, cold resistance and barren resistance, high ornamental value and broad application prospects. Short purple bud iris has a variety of applications in landscaping, which can be planted alone to reflect individual beauty, can also be planted in pieces, reflect the beauty of groups, and can also be used as edge materials for forest edges and ground covers. Dwarf purple bud iris is a perennial ornamental herb with beautiful flowers and leaves. It can blossom many times at one time. It is a rare cut flower material and is suitable for use with other flowers.

That's all for the editor of short purple bud iris. It is said that the flower language of Iris has the meanings of "messenger of love" and "happiness of those who believe in each other". General florists and flower arrangers call it "Alice" by the transliteration of its generic name. Alice is the goddess of rainbow in Greek mythology, so iris is very popular with Greeks.

How do irises reproduce when planted in the open field? A brief discussion on the breeding and Disease and insect Pest Prevention and training techniques of Southern Iris

Iris is cultivated in the open field to form a sea of flowers, and every passer-by is nostalgic. The following editor will share with you the breeding and pest prevention and training techniques of southern iris, which can be seen by those who like flowers and plants.

1 reproduction

Iris is commonly propagated by split-plant method, which breaks every 2 ~ 4 years and breaks after flowering in spring. When contacting the rhizome, there are 2 ~ 3 buds in each rhizome, and ramet is the best time for propagation. (2) the soil should be deeply turned over during cultivation and planting, and a small amount of inorganic fertilizer should be applied. During the seedling raising period, iris should be protected by irrigation, fertilizing, mid-ploughing and weeding, while the post-planting treatment is messy.

2.1 Land preparation

First plough the soil, fine pieces of soil, remove stones, tiles, residual roots, branches and all other weeds. It is assumed that the soil should be changed when the soil is too poor or poor, and the depth of soil change is 40 ~ 50 cm. After ploughing, apply rotten inorganic fertilizer, and then rake flat.

2.2 Transplant

Transplantation includes two steps: seedling raising and planting, and the purpose is to plant the flower seedlings in the center of the scheme. Because the transplant expands the nutrient area of flowers, it can add appreciation effect.

2.2.1 emergence of seedlings

According to the editor, Iris is generally planted with bare roots and can be planted with bare roots. It is best to start seedlings when the plant height is 10 ~ 15 cm. If the plant is higher than 15 cm, part of it can be cut off properly and preserved for about 15 cm. This can ensure the survival, growth and development after planting. When bare root seedlings, shovel the flower seedlings into pieces with a shovel, then shake off the soil attached to the roots quietly, be careful not to pull off the fine roots or injure the roots, and sensitively transport them to the planting address.

2.2.2 planting

Before planting, the planting holes were dug according to the rules, and the row spacing was 20 ~ 30 cm. When planting, we should pay attention to make the root system in close contact with the soil, and the planting depth is opposite to the height of the original flower seedling. Care should be taken not to crush the lump of soil. Only in this way can we ensure the survival of the transplanted seedlings.

2.3 Management

2.3.1 watering

Watering after planting is the key to its survival. The flowers must be watered twice after transplanting, the first time after planting, and the second time after 3 days. It is necessary to water thoroughly each time and cover the soil in time. At that time, it should be watered thoroughly every time according to the situation. Yes, we must avoid stagnant water, otherwise the roots are simple and stale, the light ones are haggard, the growth is poor, the appreciation is affected, and the heavy ones die. The time of watering varies according to the climate. Generally hot summer, watering time should be settled in the evening or dusk break. If it is cloudy, you can water it at any time. Pour enough winter water before freezing in late October.

2.3.2 fertilizing

In order to ensure the growth and development of Iris and finish its appreciation value, it is necessary to fertilize and compensate nutrients. The time of fertilizing depends on the purpose of application and the type of fertilizer. And it needs to be fertilized regularly during the whole planting process, and before applying fertilizer, the soil should be loosened to facilitate root absorption, and then water should be watered in time. Only in this way can it absorb enough nutrients.

2.3.3 Intermediate tillage and weeding

Intertillage weeding is an important method of intermittent field treatment.

(1) ploughing. The purpose is to loosen the soil, add the transpiration of water, advance the soil temperature, add the circulation of air in the soil, promote the differentiation of nutrients in the soil, create excellent conditions for the growth of flower roots and the absorption of water and nutrients, and eliminate some weeds. When ploughing, the soil should be neither too dry nor too wet. In the young stage of flowers or shortly after transplantation, ploughing should be cut off in time. The depth of intertillage depends on different growth periods. Seedling stage should be shallow, near the plant should be shallow, to avoid root injury, the plant row can be properly deepened, generally 3 ~ 5 cm.

(2) weeding. Weeding should be interrupted as soon as possible at the beginning of the outbreak of weeds, when the roots of weeds are shallow and easy to clean up. For perennial weeds, all the underground parts must be dug up, especially before the weeds blossom and bear fruit. When weeding, the soil should not be too dry or too wet, let alone touch flower plants. Loosening the soil and weeding began in April and interrupted repeatedly until the end of October.

2.3.4 Disease and pest control

There are few diseases and insect pests in Iris, and the rare disease is leaf spot, which is not necessary to have grubs, red spiders and aphids.

(1) Leaf spot. When the plant was damaged by leaf spot, the leaves showed nearly round to oval grayish-brown spots. For the control of Iris leaf spot, 69% dienoylmorpholine wettable powder and 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder were mixed according to the proportion of 1 ∶ 1 and concentrated 1,500 times, and the solution was sprayed once every 10 ~ 15 days, 3 ~ 4 times, and better results could be obtained.

(2) grubs. Grub is a common pest of Iris in the field. It is not necessary to lurk in the soil, eat the roots of Iris and form the death of the plant. During the attack, 200g of 90% trichlorfon powder was used every 667m2, mixed with 10 kg soil to form poisonous soil, scattered in the field, and prepared according to the size of the outbreak area.

(3) red spider. Red spiders like to cause sap in the leaves, and the injured leaves turn yellow, showing many small white spots, and soon wither and yellow. Spray 40% dimethoate emulsion 1 000 ~ 1 500 times, or 40% trichloropropanol emulsion 2 000 times.

(4) aphids. It is not necessary to have peach aphid, cotton aphid and so on. Between spring and summer, it is often covered with gnawing sap on new shoots or buds of flowers, forming tender leaves that bend and atrophy, which not only affect growth and flowering, but also make plants exuberant. It can be sprayed with 40% dimethoate emulsion 3000 times or 25% imidophos emulsion 1000 times.

3 Management in the coming spring

In the coming spring, when the ambient temperature reaches the temperature at which Iris can grow normally, that is, between 5 and 20 ℃, the spring treatment can be interrupted.

3.1 cut off the old leaves

The first mission of spring is to clean up the old leaves in time, which can clean up the hiding places of eggs and bacteria, and promote the growth of new leaves of iris and turn green quickly. When cleaning up the old leaves, take them out of the garden with an iron rake and burn them with fire.

3.2 fatten up

After the old leaves, chemical fertilizer should be applied again to ensure the nutrient supply of Iris. Generally, urea was applied evenly for 20 ~ 30 kg per 667m2, and then watered in time after fertilizing to prevent seedling burning.

3.3 watering

Watering the elder leaves in time to make the soil reach the appropriate humidity for the growth of Iris and promote the rapid growth of Iris plants.

Iris can not only be cultivated in the open field, but also can be potted. The unique flower pattern has a very high ornamental value. The above are the breeding and pest prevention and training techniques of southern Iris. Don't miss it, everyone.

Summary of propagation mode and cultivation techniques of saffron

Saffron, also known as saffron, saffron, is a kind of perennial flower of saffron genus of Iridaceae, and it is also a common spice. Perennial herbs. Flowers light blue, reddish purple or white, fragrant, style orange-red, stigma slightly flat, apex cuneate, shallowly toothed, ovary narrowly fusiform. What are its breeding methods and planting techniques? Let's study.

Mode of reproduction

Split the ball

1. Open ground method. Plant before you pick flowers. The planting period is generally from August to October, which should be early rather than late. Early sowing, corm first root and then sprout, early emergence, which is beneficial to plant growth and development. If the seeds are planted late, they germinate first and then root, and the seedlings grow poorly.

Bulbs are planted according to the three grades of large, medium and small to facilitate management. Small corm row spacing 10-15 cm, plant spacing about 5 cm, depth 5 cm; medium corm row spacing 10-15 cm, plant spacing 5-10 cm, depth 10 cm; large corm row spacing 15 cm, plant spacing 10-15 cm, depth 10 cm. When planting, open the seed ditch horizontally in the border, put the main bud of the bulb upward, gently press it into the ditch, cover the soil and then water it, and cover the soil 1-2 cm the next day to prevent dry cracking and hardening.

2. Indoor method. The flower bud differentiation and budding and flowering of saffron were completed indoors. Around the middle of May, after the ground part of the saffron withered, the bulb was dug out, the residual leaves were cut off at the top, and the remains of the mother corm were removed, then moved into the room, graded according to size, and placed on the indoor plaque frame. There is no need to bury the soil, the bulb bud mouth up, flat in the plaque, there is a slight gap between the bulbs. The plaque is 1 meter long, 0.6 meters wide and 10-15 centimeters high. It can be made of bamboo and wood. The plaque frame is 8-10 stories high, and each layer is 30-35 cm high. The indoor temperature should be controlled below 31 ℃ before the first ten days of August, and 24 ℃-29 ℃ is suitable, which is beneficial to the differentiation of flower bud and leaf bud. The relative humidity is kept above 80%. After mid-August, when the temperature drops, there is generally no need to take cooling measures. The optimum flowering temperature of saffron is 15 ℃-18 ℃. From the beginning to the end of October, it is best to keep 15 ℃-18 ℃ indoors. Blossom from late October to early November, pick the flowers and remove the lateral buds in time. The bulbs with more than 20 grams left 2-4 main buds at the top, those below 20 grams left 1-2 main buds, all the rest were removed, and then the corms were planted in the field. The advantages of this method are concentrated florescence, easy to pick flowers, save labor and time, short occupation time and less diseases. The disadvantage is that the planting time of the corm is too late, which affects the plant growth and is not conducive to the hypertrophy of the corm.

Sowing seeds

As saffron is not easy to seed, it needs artificial pollination to get seeds. After the seeds are ripe, the seeds will be sown in the open field seedbed or pot with harvest. The seed sowing density should not be too high, and it is better to be sparse, because the plant needs to grow balls and generally cannot dig within 2 years. It often takes 3-4 years from seed sowing to plant flowering.

Cultivation techniques

Planting

The soil should be sowed, ploughed and refined, and sufficient basic fertilizer should be applied. Planting balls must choose strong balls that are large and full, without mildew spots, the row spacing of the planted plants is 10 cm × 15 cm, and the planting depth is about 5 cm; in autumn, bulbs should be planted and covered with soil 5-8 cm, weeding should be done in time during the growing period, drainage should be paid attention to after rain, and soil should be loosened and watered in autumn drought to keep the soil moist for rooting. Blooming in October and topdressing once after anthesis is beneficial to the development of corm. After one planting, the bulbs can be dug out and planted after several years of crowding. The corms were stored in a dry chamber of 17 ℃-23 ℃.

irrigation

Saffron peanuts are in winter and spring when there is little rain for a long time, so special attention should be paid to irrigation. Seedlings emerge about 20 days after planting, and water is irrigated once before emergence to facilitate seedling emergence. Pour anti-freezing water once before winter to increase the ground temperature. Water is watered once in mid-April to reduce the harm of dry and hot wind.

Fertilizer application

Before planting, organic fertilizer should be applied thoroughly, such as cake fertilizer, stable fertilizer, burning soil, plant ash, chicken and duck manure, etc., and some calcium superphosphate should also be applied; after taking root and taking leaves, nitrogen and phosphorus balanced dilute liquid fertilizer can be applied every 10 days, such as adding appropriate amount of potassium dihydrogen phosphate to the retting cake fertilizer solution, until the flower is removed and the bud shows color. Avoid too much or too concentrated nitrogen fertilizer, otherwise it will cause excessive growth of leaves and affect the growth of flower buds; at the end of seedling and flower blooming, 1500 kg of human feces and urine per mu or appropriate amount of chemical fertilizer should be applied to promote the early development of seedlings. The amount of topdressing was determined according to the growth of seedlings in spring. After flowering in October, the balanced available fertilizer of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium should be applied once or twice to facilitate the growth and development of the corm, so that the corm can store enough nutrients for more flowering and good flowering in the coming year. In the middle and last ten days of December, sprinkle a layer of horse dung between the border plants, and then cover a small amount of soil to increase fertility and heat preservation and anti-freezing.

Administration and Management

In order to ensure that the plant can blossom more and flourish, when it is found that there are too many lateral buds on the plant, part of the small buds can be broken off to ensure that the main buds can blossom more and bloom; in the process of growth and development of saffron, stagnant water must be discharged in time, especially in the continuous autumn rain season, otherwise it is easy to form stagnant water in the seedling bed, resulting in corm rot, resulting in unnecessary economic losses. In case of autumn drought, the seedbed should also be loosened and watered to keep the soil moist. After the seedlings were inserted into the soil with a small bamboo knife, the small lateral buds in the outer circle of the plant were removed, and each plant retained 2-4 clumps of larger leaves in the center, in order to increase the income of the big corm in the next year. The bulb expands rapidly from February to April, so the soil should be loosened and weeded in time.

Harvest

From late April to early May, the aboveground branches and leaves of saffron gradually turn yellow, so you can dig carefully from one end of the border with an iron rake. After digging out, remove the residual roots of branches and leaves, dry them in the field for two days, and then collect them in the storage room. When collecting and storing, it is necessary to divide the plants according to the standards of healthy disease, complete loss and size, and store them by category. The storeroom should be less light, cool and ventilated, the ground had better be muddy, and the interior should be kept dry. General bulb can increase weight 3-5 times, one introduction 100kg corm planting 1 mu saffron, mu harvest corm 600kg-1000 kg.

That's all I know about saffron today. I hope it will be helpful for you to read this article. If you want to know more about saffron, please continue to pay attention to the succulent flower bed. We will provide you with more related knowledge!