Cultivation methods and late grafting Management of assorted Peony

With the gradual maturity of peony grafting technology, horticulturists have been exploring how to make the same peony blossom multicolor. How to make the same peony flower bloom a multicolor variety of peony? Let's learn the following with the editor of Huinong Network.

1. Cultivate

Assorted peony is the use of peony grafting technology, different branches of the same tree peony grafted with different peony varieties, after survival, a tree can produce 3 ~ 9 colors of flowers.

two。 Rootstock selection

The variety, plant age, growth potential and other factors should be considered when selecting the rootstock of mixed peony. The good variety of tree peony in cultivation has higher ornamental value, so it is not suitable to be mixed peony. Mixed peony is often used in the production of poor varieties or seedlings with a plant age of 5 ~ 10 years and strong growth, especially the thickness of the branches of the rootstock is basically the same as that of the scion.

3. Scion selection

The combination of variety, growth potential, annual branch length and flower color should be considered in the selection of mixed peony scion. The growth potential of different varieties of peony and the branch length of the same year are very different. The same mixed peony should choose the scion with the same growth potential and the same branch length of the current year, so as not to hide flowers and block flowers when they bloom. Improper selection of scion varieties will lead to failure after a few years of planting, strong growth covers or suppresses weak branches, so that the stronger the stronger and the weaker the weaker. There are many colors in the first few years of flowering, but only 2 ~ 3 colors are left after a few years, and the longer the crown is, the worse it is, losing its ornamental value.

4. Grafting time and method

From the middle of September to the end of October every year, the selected rootstocks are grafted by the method of grafting, and the interface is selected at the upper 6~10cm of the branches of 5 ~ 9 branch points, the branches are slashed from bottom to top, and the scion is left with 5 ~ 6cm to be obliquely cut at the lower end, and the length of the two cutting faces 3~4cm, the cutting edge should be smooth, the two cutting faces should be tight, at least one of the cambium should be aligned, and the plastic film should be wrapped tightly and fixed with tape. It should be noted that the position of the interface is basically the same, and the scion should be used whenever it is picked.

5. Administration and Management

The cultivation of assorted peony is not difficult, but the maintenance requirements are higher in the later stage, it is easy to preserve in production, and the management can not keep up with it. After a few years, it basically degenerated into residual peony.

6. Management in the later stage of grafting

After the grafting work is completed, when the grafting is germinated in the second year, the successful grafting can sprout normally. Remove the cling film in May, and the action should be meticulous to avoid accidental injury. If the bud wilts and dries up, the grafting fails. If 1 or 2 branches of the same plant do not survive, they can be cut off directly from the branches. If more than 3 branches do not survive, they should be marked and grafted again in autumn.

7. Set up files

All assorted peonies should establish planting files after grafting, including planting location, number of plants, scion varieties, survival rate, etc., for future management. The pruning management of mixed peony is higher than that of single variety.

8. Finished plant management

After the grafting survived, each peony must have at least 3 colors in order to be regarded as the finished plant of mixed peony. Spring management mainly erases all the sprouts on the branches below the interface and cuts off the soil buds. Sprouting and pruning are very important for assorted peonies. Because the bud growth of rootstocks is better than that of grafted buds, if the buds are not done carefully, the sprouts on the branches will affect the growth of grafted buds after 2 to 3 years. Similarly, soil buds are not pruned in time, and the growth of mixed peonies will decline, and the branches of soil buds can exceed the grafted branches in 4 to 5 years, losing their ornamental value. In autumn, the soil buds are mainly cut off, and the branches above the joint retain 1 ~ 2 branches for a long time, especially the varieties with strong branching ability should control the number of branches and avoid head damage to the interface.

Finally, the editor of Huinong Network reminds everyone that the water and fertilizer management of mixed peonies is the same as that of ordinary peonies, mainly to avoid stagnant water. It is necessary to conscientiously do a good job in the work of diseases and insect pests, such as anthrax, root rot, leaf blight, gray mold, root-knot nematode, powdery mildew, and so on. Insect pests are cotton scale, grubs, longicorn beetles, etc., timely prevention, damage should be strengthened in the initial stage of prevention and control, serious treatment is difficult, will cause serious losses.

Culture methods and precautions of assorted cloves Chinese scientific name assorted cloves

Latin name Syringa × chinensis Willd.

The plant kingdom.

Phylum angiosperm

Dicotyledonous class

A transitional flower order.

Suborder Oleacea

Oleaceae

Subfamily Oleaceae

Genus Syringa

Plant European cloves and flower and leaf cloves

Hybrid assorted cloves

Named by and age Willd., 1794

English name Chinese Lilac

Assorted clove (scientific name: Syringa × chinensis Willd.): shrub with gray bark. Branches slender, spreading, often arched, branchlets yellowish brown, sometimes quadrangular, glabrous, lenticellate. Leaf blade ovate-lanceolate to ovate, 2-6 cm long and 0.8-3 cm wide, apex acute to acuminate, base cuneate to subrounded, dark green above, pink-green below, both surfaces glabrous; petiole 0.5-1.5 cm long, glabrous. Anthers yellow, inserted in or about 1 mm from Corolla throat. Flowering in May. Originated in Europe, Rouen Botanical Garden in France was bred with clove and clove in 1777. It is cultivated in China.

1. Morphological characteristics.

Shrubs of the genus Syringa, up to 5 m high; bark gray. Branches slender, spreading, often arched, branchlets yellowish brown, sometimes quadrangular, glabrous, lenticellate. Leaf blade ovate-lanceolate to ovate, 2-6 cm long and 0.8-3 cm wide, apex acute to acuminate, base cuneate to subrounded, dark green above, pink-green below, both surfaces glabrous; petiole 0.5-1.5 cm long, glabrous. Panicle erect, drawn from lateral buds, 4-13 cm long and 3-10 cm wide; inflorescence rachis, bracts, pedicels and calyx glabrous; pedicel 2-5 mm long; calyx 2-2.5 mm long, calyx teeth often triangular, apex acuminate or acute Corolla purple or lavender, Corolla tube slender, Terete, 0.6-1 cm long, lobes spreading at right angles, ovate, oblong-elliptic to Obovate, 5-9 mm long, apex acute or obtuse; anthers yellow, inserted on or about 1 mm from Corolla tube throat. Flowering in May.

(original species 1) shrubs or small trees of the genus Syringa, 3-7 m tall; bark grayish brown. Branchlets, petioles, leaf blades on both sides, inflorescence rachis, pedicels, and calyx glabrous, or glandular hairy, glabrescent when old. Branchlets brown, slightly 4-angled, sparsely lenticellate. Leaf blade ovate, broadly ovate or long ovate, 3-13 cm long and 2-9 cm wide, apex acuminate, base truncate, broadly cuneate or cordate, dark green above, light green below; petiole 1-3 cm long. Panicle suberect, drawn from lateral buds, broadly tower to narrowly tower, or subterete, 10-20 cm long; inflorescence axis sparsely lenticellate; pedicel 0.5-2 mm long; flowers fragrant; calyx teeth acute to shortly acuminate Corolla purple or lavender, 0.8-1.5 cm long, ca. 1 cm in diameter, Corolla tube slender, subcylindrical, 0.6-1 cm long, lobes spreading at right angles, elliptic, ovate to Obovate, apex slightly cucullate, or not incurved; anthers yellow, located at 0-1 (- 2) mm from Corolla tube throat, sparsely protruding. Fruit Obovate-elliptic, ovate to long elliptic, 1-2 cm long, apex acuminate or suddenly convex, smooth. The florescence is from April to May and the fruiting period is from June to July.

(original species 2) flowering clove shrubs, 1-2 m tall, or up to 3 m. Branches slender, spreading, erect or slightly arched, gray-brown, glabrous, lenticellate, branchlets glabrous. Leaf blade lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, 1.5-6 cm long and 0.8-2 cm wide, apex acuminate or acute, base cuneate, entire, sparsely with 1-2 lobules, glabrous; petiole 0.5-1.3 cm long, glabrous. Inflorescences drawn from lateral buds, 3-10 cm long, usually arranged in terminal panicles on the upper part of branches; inflorescence axis glabrous, lenticellate; pedicel ca. 1.5-3 mm, glabrous; flowers fragrant; calyx glabrous, ca. 2 mm, with shallow and acute teeth, or calyx teeth triangular. Corolla lavender, Corolla tube slender, subcylindrical, 0.6-1 cm long, Corolla lobes spreading at right angles, broadly ovate, ovate or elliptic, 4-7 mm long, cucullate, apex pointed or obtuse; anthers small, sterile, yellowish green, inserted under Corolla tube throat. I didn't see it. Flowering in May.

2. Distribution range

Originated in Europe, Rouen Botanical Garden in France was bred with clove and clove in 1777. It is cultivated in China.

3. Growth habits

Like light, slightly resistant to shade, like warm and humid climate, but also resistant to cold and drought.

4. Cultivation techniques

The suitable time for planting clove flowers is to transplant bare roots before the plants germinate or when they are dormant in early spring. According to the situation of soil thawing in different areas, it is generally appropriate to transplant in the first and middle of March. If it is necessary to dig seedlings in autumn for some reason, it must also be carried out in the dormant period after defoliation in late autumn. The lilac cultivated in the open field does not need special management in the growing season, as long as the proper irrigation, fertilization and pruning are grasped, the cultivated lilac can grow and develop well, the inflorescence is prosperous, the flower color is bright, and shows good ornamental characteristics. The pruning period of cloves is better before the sap flows or when it begins to flow in early spring.

In Beijing and North China, April to June is a period of drought and high temperature, and it is also a season for lilac flowers and new branches to grow vigorously, when plants need to be watered 2 or 3 times a month, and artificial irrigation should be stopped when the rainy season comes after July. and pay attention to drainage and waterlogging prevention. Water should be irrigated three times from October to November before winter, and the soil should be loosened after irrigation to make the plant and soil have sufficient water. After the lilac is planted, it is generally possible to apply no fertilizer or only a small amount of fertilizer. The application of appropriate amount of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer and a small amount of nitrogen fertilizer after flowering is beneficial to the growth and development of clove plants. When fertilizing, the hole application can be adopted according to the plant size, that is, at the radius of 30cm to 50cm from the stem, dig a shallow hole with a circle and a depth of 10 ~ 15cm around the plant, spread fertilizer evenly, then cultivate the soil to cover it, and irrigate the water once after fertilization. and loosen the soil in time to preserve soil moisture.

Production of assorted chrysanthemum bonsai

Rootstock treatment of assorted chrysanthemum

When making assorted chrysanthemum bonsai, we should first prepare the rootstock, choose Artemisia annua as the rootstock, collect the seeds of Artemisia annua in autumn and sow in spring. With the growth of the plant, it is necessary to plant in time, remove axillary buds when the plant is less than 30cm, and retain axillary buds when growing above 30cm until more than 30 axillary buds grow out. At this time, all axillary buds should be removed to make them grow lateral branches.

Cuttings grafting of assorted Chrysanthemum

After the rootstock is treated, grafting can be carried out, and the chrysanthemum varieties with close florescence, plump flower shape and more coordinated flower color can be selected for grafting. When grafting, it is generally chosen in the first ten days of June to the first ten days of July, and choose the sunny morning without wind. Grafting should be carried out in turn from the bottom to the top.

The scion usually chooses the long terminal bud of 10cm and cuts the lower end of the scion into a shape of thin on one side and thick on the other. The rootstock should be cut down at the edges. Then insert the scion into the incision to make a close combination of the two, preferably tied up with plastic film and watered. It will take about 10 days to survive.

After the grafting survived, the lateral buds on the rootstock should be removed first. The heart can be removed after the grafting has survived.

The shape of assorted chrysanthemum

In the conservation of assorted chrysanthemum, attention should be paid to the management of modeling, traction and binding of branches, removal of redundant branches and weak branches, and bamboo poles should be used to support the plants of mixed chrysanthemum to avoid lodging. Pay attention to do a good job in water and fertilizer management.