What are the common borer pests in garden plants? How to integrate prevention and control?

Garden plants are easily harmed by borer pests in daily life, which are hidden, harmful and difficult to control, which bring some difficulties to garden plant protection. The following editor will introduce the common borer pests and their control methods.

I. main categories

It mainly includes Coleoptera longicorn beetles, bark beetles, beetles, weevil, Lepidoptera bark moths, borer moths, Hymenoptera tree wasps, stem wasps and so on. Most of the trunk borer are "secondary pests", which endanger the weak or dying plants, and the larvae drill into the trunk is called "heartache".

II. Characteristics of harm

The main results are as follows: 1. hidden life: except for the naked life in the adult stage, all the other insect states live in the phloem and xylem. The damage of insect pests is not easy to be found at the initial stage, but once there are obvious signs of damage, the favorable opportunity for prevention and control will be lost.

2. The insect population is stable: most of the branch pests live in the plant tissue, and there are few small natural enemies affected by environmental conditions, so the population density is relatively stable.

3. Serious harm: branch pests eat phloem, xylem, etc., thus affecting the transport system to transfer nutrients and water, resulting in tree weakness or death. Once damaged, it is difficult for the plant to recover.

4. The difficulty of prevention and control: because it is harmful in the branches, the efficiency of artificial control is low, and chemical control is not easy to contact pests, so the method of integrated control is generally adopted.

III. Prevention and control plan

The occurrence of stem borer is closely related to the tending and management of garden plants. Suitable land and suitable trees, strengthening tending management, reasonable pruning, timely irrigation and fertilization, and promoting the healthy growth of plants are the fundamental ways to prevent the occurrence of secondary pests; when pests have occurred in a large area, special control measures should be adopted in time to minimize the damage.

1. Suitable land and suitable trees, take comprehensive control measures based on prevention

For the green land where serious borer pests occur, resistant tree species should be selected according to longicorn beetle feeding species in order to avoid serious harm, strengthen management and strengthen tree potential at ordinary times, and cut down seriously damaged source trees except old and famous trees. reasonable pruning and timely removal of dead standing trees and wind-broken trees in the garden.

two。 Artificial control is especially suitable for larger longicorn beetles. ① uses adult emergence to artificially kill adults during a period of canopy activity (replenishment, mating and oviposition). When looking for spawning grooves in ②, hammering and hand peeling can be used to destroy the eggs. ③ killed the larvae with wire hooks. This method is easier to operate, especially for the small larvae shortly after the new hatching.

3. Bait wood trapping can be used to trap longicorn beetles on ancient and famous trees in parks and other scenic spots, and to repair tree holes and white dry base in time, so as to reduce insect population density and ensure its ornamental value.

4. Protect the use of natural enemies such as artificial attraction of woodpeckers, the use of longicorn beetles swollen legs wasps, rodent wasps and so on.

5. Chemical control

Chemical control of borer pests has the advantages of immediate speed, high efficiency and low cost, so it is easy to use this method when it occurs in a large area, and can be used flexibly for different species, different periods and different parts.

The main results are as follows: (1) the trunk spraying method has a good effect on controlling aphids, golden flowers, red spiders and shell insects on trees such as Acer truncatum, elm, Toona sinensis, crape myrtle and so on.

(2) after inserting the poison label into the human insect path, the drug comes into contact with the water in the tree sap and insect feces to produce a chemical reaction to form a highly toxic gas to poison and kill the pests in the tree trunk, and the control effect of killing borer pests is more than 90%.

(3) by trunk injection and sealing method, longicorn beetles, willow thin mosquitoes, pine shoot borer and bamboo weevil damage the trunk, branch and skin of forest trees, and the control effect is remarkable by injection, and a large number of pests can die within one week of injection.

(4) hanging bottle method, hanging bottle to the tree means hanging the medicine bottle containing the medicine liquid on the tree trunk, and using the cotton rope cotton core to transport the medicine liquid in the bottle to the branches and leaves through the ducts in the trunk, so as to achieve the purpose of prevention and control.

(5) Root medicine method, root drug burying method includes direct drug burying and root medicine bottle burying, both of which can effectively control insect pests.

Of course, different tree species suffer from different diseases and insect pests in different regions, environments, conservation and management, so specific control measures need to be adjusted according to specific objects. The above are common borer pests in garden plants and their control measures. I hope they will be helpful to you. If you want to know more about agricultural technology, please follow Huinong School!

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Control of drilling pests in August the main pests harmful to flower seedlings are longicorn beetles, Dahlia borer moths, rose stem wasps, gibberries and other pests, and most of them have laid eggs and hatched before August, so August is a key period for their harm. it's also a key period for prevention and control. The details are as follows:

I. harmful symptoms and main characteristics of borer pests

The main harmful symptoms of longicorn beetles are that the larvae harm the phloem and xylem of the host. The newly hatched larvae decay vertically from the phloem into the sapwood, eat laterally and inwardly along the spring wood part of the outermost ring of the branch. The decay path is in the shape of "Z". Adults feed on the tender skin of new shoots to replenish nutrition, and the edges of the eaten parts are neat, and they are not good at flying, so they are easy to fall to the ground when shocked. Lay eggs in places such as cracks in the bark, and then cover the eggs with grass-green secretions. (pictures of the main features and hazards of longicorn beetles).

The harmful symptoms of the insect: the larvae eat vertically and horizontally between the cambium and xylem, destroying the transport tissue, causing the tree to weaken and the trunk to die gradually, resulting in the death of the whole tree. In general, the management is extensive, the tree is weak, the tree with many wounds is seriously injured, and the tree is strong and injured lightly. (picture of the giddy bug)

The harmful symptoms of Dahlia borer moth are that the larvae eat the stems of garden flower plants such as dahlia, chrysanthemum, green poplar, canna, gladiolus, palm, hemp and so on. When the damage is serious, all the stems are almost damaged by decay and cannot blossom. The stem of the injured plant is easy to break and can not bloom, and the upper part of the stem is withered and yellow and dies. (picture of Dahlia borer moth)

The harmful symptom of rose stem wasp is that the larvae eat the stem of flowers and often fold and wilt from the wormhole, which is very harmful to rose. (picture of Rose Stem Bee)

2. Control measures of borer pests

(1) Prevention and control measures in August:

The main results are as follows: 1. pay attention to the inspection, it is found that the branches of flowers and trees harmed by Dahlia borer moth and rose stem wasps should be cut off in time and burn and kill the larvae; longicorn beetles and gibberries mainly harm the trunk of trees, and the larvae are still eating under the cortex of the root and neck, or when the xylem is not deep, hook killing is carried out in time.

2. Chemicals can be used to kill larvae when the larvae drill deep into the xylem.

80% dichlorvos, 40% omethoate or 50% phoxim are injected into the wormhole, and then sealed with poison mud, which can kill the larvae.

Insert a poison stick into the wormhole to kill the larva (the poison label can be made with zinc phosphide, peach gum, oxalic acid and bamboo stick).

In the initial stage of larval damage, 5% permethrin or 50% methamidophos EC 5% 10 times, or 80% dichlorvos EC 5 times, or 1:20 dichlorvos kerosene solution can be used to brush the skin of the injured part (the affected area is slightly sunken and blackened) or tree trunks, the effect of killing larvae is very good.

(2) other prevention and control measures

1. Strengthen quarantine when transporting seedlings. The worm-carrying logs were fumigated with methyl bromide, thioyl fluoride or 56% aluminum phosphide tablets with the dosage of 20-30g/m3 and 12-15g/m3 for 24 hours and 72 hours respectively, or the pest wood was soaked in water for more than 1 month. after peeling the logs, the twigs were dipped in 20 times of fenvalerate EC or 40% omethoate EC or 2.5% deltamethrin EC and inserted into wormhole to kill pests.

2. Strengthen the management and strengthen the tree potential, scrape off the rough warped skin of the trunk and main branches and prune the insect branches during the dormant period. Eliminate some overwintering insect sources; timely remove dead trees and dead branches and burn them so as to reduce insect sources.

3. Artificial prevention and control

a. The peak of adult Eclosion is in late June, and the adult can be stabbed to death with a screwdriver before it bites the Eclosion hole and flies out. When the adult has just drilled out of the Eclosion hole, it crawls on the tree trunk and has gregariousness, so it can be caught directly at this time.

B. artificial killing of eggs and newly hatched larvae. The adult spawning period and hatching period are from late June to early July, and the first eggs are green and easy to identify; the larvae are in the outer layer of the bark at the initial stage of hatching, which is easy to remove, and the larvae can be artificially removed and killed at this time.

C. Prevention and treatment of egg induction: using woven bags such as packaging chemical fertilizers, after washing, they are cut into long strips 20-30 cm wide. Before Anoplophora alternatus spawn, 2-3 circles are wound with cut braided strips in the trunk where it is easy to lay eggs, leaving no gap between each circle, and then tied with hemp rope, the control effect is very good. By bandaging and blocking, longicorn beetles can only put their eggs on a braided bag, and the acquired eggs will lose water and die.

4. Chemical control

b. In the peak period of the activity of the older larvae (from the end of March to the middle of April), in the future, 30 times of the solution of Fuling or dichlorvos or dimethophos or monocrotophos will be injected into the defecation hole or breathing hole with a needle, and then the hole can be sealed with yellow mud.

c. During the peak period of adult activity from the middle of June to the middle of July every year, 2000 times of permethrin was sprayed on the crown of the host tree, once every 15 days, twice continuously, and a good effect could be obtained.

d. Before overwintering (November and December), 10 kg of lime + 1 kg of sulfur + 10 g of salt + 20 kg to 40 kg of water were used to paint tree trunks to prevent spawning. (source: finishing by Yang Yanwei and Xie Xiaomin of China Lawn Network)

What are the garden plant piercing pests? How to control piercing and sucking pests?

Piercing and sucking pests are very common in garden plants. The individuals of these pests are small but the number is very large, and the initial symptoms of plant damage are not obvious, so people tend to ignore them. What are the common piercing and sucking pests? How to prevent and cure it?

Prick-sucking pests often live in groups on twigs, leaves, buds, buds and fruits, absorb plant juices and plunder their nutrients, causing branches, leaves and flowers to curl and even the whole plant to wither or die. At the same time, coal pollution disease is induced, and sometimes the pest itself is the transmission vector of virus disease, which does great harm to the garden.

1. Occurrence characteristics of piercing pests.

Both adults and nymphs have piercing mouthparts, which can harm plants.

(1) cause the decrease of plant nutrients and water, affect the growth and development, and cause plant death in serious cases.

(2) it can secrete a large amount of honeydew and cause coal pollution disease.

(3) many species may transmit virus diseases of flowers and trees.

(4) some species have well-developed ovipositors, which cause wounds in the branches and leaves of plants when they lay eggs, resulting in great changes in shape.

(5) the fecundity is strong, and there is parthenogenesis in addition to bisexual reproduction, all of which are incomplete metamorphosis.

2. Hazard characteristics:

(1) the leaves lost green and appeared yellow spots or red spots, etc.

(2) Blade crimp and wrinkle deformation.

(3) forming all kinds of galls.

(4) the twigs change color and wilt, bend and droop, deformed and even withered.

(5) Honeydew in branches and leaves can induce coal fouling disease.

The following mainly introduces the identification and control of these piercing pests, such as wood lice, net bugs and mackerel.

1. Wood lice

The main species of planthoppers are: heather planthopper, sycamore planthopper, peach planthopper, citrus planthopper, camphor planthopper and so on.

1. Heather planthopper

Heather planthopper occurs three generations a year, overwintering with eggs on the branches, and the damage is serious from April to August every year. Generally, 5-20 heads are clustered together and cover the worms with the help of wax.

two。 Paulownia planthopper

The paulownia planthopper has two generations a year, overwintering with eggs on the branches. Both nymphs and adults are gregarious, often living in groups of more than ten to dozens of heads on the back of the leaves. Nymphs live in white wax and walk quickly. Adults have poor flying ability and strong jumping ability.

3. Albizia planthopper

Albizia planthopper has 3-4 generations a year. The damage reached its peak in late May, with adults overwintering under bark cracks, tree holes and fallen leaves.

4. Camphor planthopper

(2) Integrated control of wood lice.

The inspection should be strengthened when ① seedlings are transported, and it is forbidden to transport insect-carrying materials.

② combined with pruning to cut off the branches with eggs.

③ protects and utilizes natural enemies, such as Chinese bugs, lacewings, parasitic wasps, etc.

Imidacloprid, chlorpyrifos, methomyl and other insecticides can be sprayed to control ④ at the initial stage of occurrence. It is recommended to use garden special insecticides to control aphids. In the peak period, garden special insecticides aphid lice can be used to control aphids by 800-1000 times (160kg-200kg with water) for spray control.

⑤ uses a shrub tree that is insect-free (pungent), and the root is used to kill insects on the tree.

2. Net bugs

The main results are as follows: (1) there are rhododendron crown bugs, Hefa tung square-winged bugs.

1. Azalea crown net bug:

Distributed in Guangdong, Guangxi, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Fujian, Liaoning, Taiwan and other places, it is the main pest of rhododendron.

The leaves are harmed by adults and nymphs, sucking juice and excreting feces, which makes the leaves rust yellow on the back and white spots on the front of the leaves, which seriously affects the photosynthesis of plants, resulting in slow growth and early defoliation. The occurrence of high temperature and drought is serious, which is mainly caused by the back of leaves, which is also called pear crown net bug, pear blossom net bug and pear army worm. Harm rose, peach, pear, begonia, rhododendron, plum blossom, cherry blossom, Michelia, camellia, jasmine, wax plum, mulberry, paulownia, poplar, plum, peach, apple.

Adults and nymphs suck juice on the back of the leaves. There are many speckled brown discrimination and fly-like black spots left during spawning in the victim, and the damaged leaves are rusty yellow on the back and pale on the front.

There are 3-4 generations a year in North China and 5-6 generations in Central and South China, overwintering as adults in bark cracks, withered branches and leaves, weeds or soil cracks. The overwintering adults began to move in the first and middle of April of the following year, and the damage was the most serious from July to August of the whole year, and the adults began to overwinter after the middle and late October.

two。 Fatong square-winged net bug

Fatong square-winged net bug occurs three generations a year in the north, and 5-6 generations a year in central and southern China. The activity began in the first and middle of April of the following year, spawned on the back of the leaves in late April, caused the first harm in June, the most serious damage in July-August, and overwintered after the middle and late October.

It has the phenomenon of overlapping generations, the adults and nymphs are damaged alternately, and the nymph control is the best.

(2) Comprehensive control measures of net bugs.

① removed weeds and litter in winter and destroyed them.

② protects predators.

③ when some newly emerged white adults are found in the nymphs on the leaves, it shows that the first generation nymphs have basically hatched, which is a favorable time for control. Can be sprayed with chlorpyrifos, methomyl, Yechongjing (awei high chlorine), butyryl, thiazinone, aphids, aphids, and so on. Aphid lice 1000 times EC, 10% imidacloprid wettable powder 1000 times.

The effective period of ④ with one shrub tree was two months.

Third, cicadas

(1) cicadas: leafhoppers belong to Homoptera, Cicadellidae. The body is slender. After the body gradually thinning, often able to jump, there are horizontal walking habits, commonly known as floating dust, there are many kinds. The main kinds are as follows: big green leafhopper, small green leafhopper, cotton leafhopper and so on. When adults and nymphs were used to suck plant sap, the damaged leaves showed small white spots and branches died, which affected the growth and development and could spread the virus.

1. Daqing leafhopper

In 2-6 generations of one year, the eggs overwintered in the cortex of the branches, and the overwintering eggs began to develop in late March of the next spring. The newly hatched nymphs liked to gather and feed, and when disturbed, the leaves fled to the back of the leaves.

2. Spotted wax cicada

To harm Toona sinensis, Albizia, Parthenocissus, Pearl Plum, Privet, Begonia, Peach, Yellow Poplar, Indus and so on. Adults and nymphs suck plant sap, resulting in plant malnutrition or atrophy, and excreta leads to coal fouling disease. One generation a year overwinters with egg blocks on tree trunks or nearby buildings. The nymphs hatched in the middle and late April of the following year, adults appeared in mid-June, began to lay eggs in mid-August, and laid eggs on the branches sheltered from the wind and the sun.

Second, the comprehensive prevention and control of leaf clover:

(1) strengthening the management of garden green space and weeding frequently, combined with pruning and pruning the damaged branches and leaves to reduce the source of insects.

(2) setting up black light to trap and kill adults.

(3) use 25% chlorpromazine wettable powder to dilute 1 500 to 2 000 times liquid spray during the period of adult and nymph damage. 10% imidacloprid 2000 × 3000 times, 2.5% dimethrin 2000 times, 20% permethrin 2000 times for control.

In garden management, piercing and sucking pests can not be ignored. At ordinary times, it is necessary to strengthen management and do a good job of comprehensive control to ensure the healthy growth of plants.