What are the common diseases and insect pests of oil peony? How to prevent and cure it?

Oil peony is a kind of woody oil crop with high output, high oil content, high quality and low cost, which is easy to be attacked by diseases and insect pests in the process of planting. How to prevent and cure it?

The common diseases of peony are anthracnose, brown spot, rust, purple feather and leaf spot, etc. there are shell insects, beetles, red spiders, cabbage insects and so on. The following will introduce the prevention and control methods of common diseases and insect pests of oil peony, which can only be used as a reference for the majority of growers.

Main diseases

1. Botrytis cinerea

Botrytis cinerea is one of the most important diseases of peony in the world, and it also occurs in China from time to time, especially in Shanghai, Zhengzhou and other places. The disease can occur in the growing season of peony and does serious harm to young plants, causing lodging and wilting of seedlings, brown leaves and irregular rings. When the weather is wet, gray and moldy things grow on the disease spots, and brown markings are painted on them. Buds cannot blossom if they are injured. The prevention and control methods are as follows:

(1) reduce the source of infection

The withered branches and leaves of diseased plants were removed in autumn, the diseased buds and leaves were removed in spring, and the remains were deeply buried.

(2) Chemical control in growing season.

Once the disease occurs in the growing season, the following agents can be used for spray control: 1% lime equivalent Bordeaux solution, 70% methyl topiramate 1000-fold solution, 65% Dysen zinc 500-fold solution, 50% ammonium chloride 1000-fold solution. Spray 2-3 times every 10-15 days.

(3) strengthen cultivation management.

Moderate planting; timely drainage after rain, plants from the base do not cultivate wet soil; serious disease areas to carry out crop rotation; planting disease-free seedlings, seedlings can be soaked in 65% zinc 300 times solution for 10-15 minutes.

2. Peony brown spot

Brown spot, also known as red spot, is a common disease of peony in the world, mostly from the Summer Solstice to the Beginning of Autumn after flowering, and becomes more and more serious with the increase of temperature in mid-October. Small yellow or yellowish brown spots appeared on the page at the initial stage of the disease, and black spots on the editorial board 1-3 days later, then expanded into irregular wheel patterns, and in severe cases, all the leaves were scorched and dropped. When the weather is dry and hot, it spreads especially rapidly, and the whole land is often infected, seriously affecting the growth of peonies. The prevention and control methods of the disease are as follows:

The main results are as follows: (1) to reduce the source of infection and thoroughly remove the disease and disability on the ground in autumn. Bordeaux liquid can be sprayed before the disease, and carbendazim can be sprayed at the initial stage of the disease. Spray 50% carbendazim 600 times solution or 3 Baume stone sulfur mixture before germination in early spring to kill the germs on the plant.

(2) Chemical control in the growing season after spraying 50% carbendazim 1000 times or 65% Dysen zinc 500,600 times, spraying 3-4 times continuously in 7-10 days.

(3) strengthen cultivation management and appropriate planting, apply organic fertilizer and compound fertilizer.

3. Anthracnose of peony

Anthracnose is a common disease of peony in China, which is more serious in Beijing, Shanghai, Wuxi, Zhengzhou, Xi'an and so on. The disease is more serious in the United States, Japan and other places. There are also reports in the United States, Japan and other countries. Anthracnose often causes withered spots on the peony leaves, twisted diseased stems and withered young branches.

Spray 70% anthrax 500 times solution, or 1% lime equivalent Bordeaux solution, or 65% Dyson zinc 500 times solution in the early stage of the disease (May-June). Spray once in 10-15 days, a total of 2-3 times.

4. Peony ring spot

Wheel spot disease, also known as white star disease, is also a common leaf spot disease of peony, which is more serious in Changsha, Zhengzhou, Guiyang, Beijing and other places. The methods of prevention and treatment of the disease are as follows.

The main results are as follows: (1) to reduce the source of infection and remove the diseased branches and leaves in time, and spray Baume 3 degree stone sulfur mixture before plant germination to kill the bacteria on the tree peony plant.

(2) Chemical control during the growing season is sprayed with 1% lime equivalent Bordeaux solution, or 50% acetaminophen 800 times solution, or 65% Dysen zinc 500 times solution. Spray 2-3 times continuously after onset (every 10-15 days).

(3) strengthen cultivation management, suitable planting density, good ventilation and light transmission.

5. Peony branch blight

Peony branch blight can infect the stem of peony. Branches and other parts. Brown disease spots often appear in the stem, and then expand into red oval disease spot year by year, the disease spot can be around the stem for a week, so that the branches above the disease spot die quickly. In autumn, the black dots on the disease spot are the conidia on the pathogen. The buds become brown after infection, and the dead buds can remain on the plant for a long time.

The disease is caused by fungi. The pathogens mainly invaded from the wound. The disease occurs when there are many wounds and the plant growth is weak. Therefore, we should strengthen the cultivation management, enhance the growth potential and reduce the wound, so as to improve the disease resistance of the plant.

For prevention and control methods, see Peony Brown spot.

6. Peony root-knot nematode disease

The occurrence of root-knot nematode disease in tree peony is more common, which has been reported at home and abroad. Root-knot nematode disease has occurred to varying degrees in Henan, Shandong, Beijing, Jiangsu and other provinces in China in the past ten years, and it has become the most important disease threatening the root system of tree peony in China. When the disease is serious, the peony leaves are all bare in August, which can lead to plant dwarfing, small leaves, small flowers or no flowering.

(1) to strengthen quarantine and prevent the expansion of the epidemic area, the diseased vaccine must be treated: soak in 0.1% methyl isomalidophos for 30 minutes, or soak in warm water of 48-49 ℃ for 30 minutes.

(2) 15% of the dripping aldicarb granules were applied in the field, 5-10g per plant, the hole depth was about 10cm, and the medicine was used once a year at the beginning of May.

(3) treatment of diseased soil

Disinfect with heat or pesticides. Commonly used pesticides are bromane, aldicarb, clenbuterol and so on. The soil can also be sterilized by drying and high temperature disinfection. For example, after drying in the basin for 30 days (water content up to 0.17%), the five nematodes survived.

7. Powdery mildew

At the beginning of the disease, a layer of white powder spot was formed on the front of the leaf, and in the later stage, a dirty white powder layer appeared on both sides of the leaf and on the petiole, and many small black spots were scattered in it, which was the closed capsule of the pathogen. Luoyang and other places generally began to occur in early May, and then gradually aggravated. The peak of the disease occurred in late August, and then the diseased leaves gradually withered and fell off.

The prevention and treatment of the disease can be used to spray 1500 times of 20% strychnine at the initial stage of the disease, once every semimonthly, and the effect is significant for 2 consecutive times.

8. Root rot

It is proved that root rot is caused by a fungus invading medicinal peony plants. The disease is difficult to find at the beginning of the disease. when the disease is seen from the leaf surface, the root bark is mostly festered into black, and there are often yellow reticular hyphae in the soil around the roots of the diseased plant. The disease is a common disease, the leaves of the plant atrophied at the initial stage of the disease, then withered, and finally all died. If not controlled in time, it will spread to the surrounding plants. Especially in cloudy and rainy days, the soil is too wet and spreads rapidly.

The plot of land should be turned over during prevention and control. After finding the disease, the diseased plant and the surrounding bacteria-carrying soil should be removed in time, and the surrounding plants should be irrigated with 1RU 100 ferrous sulfate solution to prevent spreading infection.

Major insect pests

The most common pests of peony are: drillworm, grub, inchworm, roll moth, mite larva, as well as white ants and ground tigers.

Blown cotton scale

Blow cotton scale is one of the main insect pests of peony. The pest is easy to occur in peony orchards with high planting density and connected branches and leaves, or on family potted peonies with poor ventilation. When the disease is serious, it can not only make the peony flowers small, reduce the number of flowers, but also cause peony leaves to fall off and even the whole plant to die.

Lepidoptera is a rare scale of the family Homoptera. The female is 5-7 mm long, oval, orange-red; the back is raised, wrinkled, with white waxy secretions; the abdomen is flat, with white waxy egg bags. More trapped in branches or leaves to suck peony sap. Overwintering with fertilized females. When the peony leaves, it can be seen that there are white patchy worms distributed in the whole plant.

Winter is the best time to control peony cotton scale. All the worms in the branches can be scraped off and burned with a bamboo knife, and the branches can be smeared with 3-5 Baumedo stone sulfur mixture or 1000 times solution to poison the overwintering females and eggs. After winter control, there are still residual insects that have not been killed. 1000 times of omethoate or malathion can be sprayed on the larvae during the early incubation period from March to April of the year, and the pest can be completely killed by spraying 2-3 times in a row.

Grub

Beetle larva, the body is white, wrinkled, when still bending in the shape of "C", the head is yellowish brown or orange. The adult is a beetle with many wrinkles, which harms the roots of peony. Gnaw at the bottom of the germinated seeds, bite off the roots of the seedlings, resulting in the death of the whole plant, and in serious cases, lack of seedlings and broken ridges.

In order to release grubs to bite the peony roots, the adults were trapped and killed by black light from April to May. 250g phoxim granules were sprinkled per mu, which can also be used for root irrigation with 1000 times of phoxim. Overwintering money turned over the ground, and omethoate was used to irrigate roots to kill larvae and winter pupae. 1000-1500 times of liquid such as 90% trichlorfon, 80% dichlorvos, 40% omethoate and 50% malathion were sprayed during the peak period of adult occurrence.

Heart-drilling worm

The larvae drilled into the rhizome to eat, and the leaves of the plants were wilted after being killed. The calyx tube can be blocked with cotton balls in the peak period of the first generation larvae, so as to effectively kill the eggs. The commonly used pesticides are 90% trichlorfon and 80% dichlorvos 1000 times.

Red spider

The size of the insect is very small, its body length is less than 1 mm, round or oval, orange or reddish brown, because it is small and not easy to find, once it is found that there is harm, the flowers are often seriously harmed. This kind of insect harm way is to pierce into the leaves to suck juice so that the chlorophyll is destroyed, and the leaves show grayish yellow spots or blocks, resulting in withered yellow leaves, shedding or even shedding. The pesticides commonly used in prevention and control are propargite, dicofol, dimethoate, Huachongjing, dimethoate, etc. Family flower can be prepared for flower sprayer, in 400ml of water drop 4 propargite or dimethoate or Huachongjing (equivalent to 2000 times liquid), or drop 8 drops of dicofol or dimethoate (equivalent to 1000 times liquid), shake well after adding, then spray, spray evenly and thoughtfully, especially pay attention to spraying the back of leaves. When spraying, it is best to move the potted flowers outside. if spraying indoors, do not go near food and other utensils.

Aphids

Aphids are distributed in farmland, grassland, orchards and forests. Aphids are the most common insects on a variety of cultivated plants or weeds, as well as in vegetable gardens. Their adults and nymphs can suck juice on plants by piercing mouthparts, which not only hinders and wilts plant growth, but also spreads plant diseases, causing great harm and loss.

The most important morphological feature of aphids is that there is a pair of spiny honey tubes on the back of the abdomen of the soft body, which secretes honeydew, and honeydew-eating ants form symbiosis with aphids.

Control aphids can be sprayed with 1000 times of omethoate emulsion or 1000-1500 times of malathion emulsion or 1000 times of dichlorvos EC.

The plant growth and oil production rate of oil peony will be affected by diseases and insect pests, so growers should pay attention to it. The above are the common diseases and insect pests of oil peony and their control methods. I hope it will be helpful to you. If you want to know more about agricultural technology, please pay attention to Huinong net!

Prevention and control of common diseases and insect pests of sunflower

Sunflower (Latin name: Portulaca grandiflora), also known as pine leaf peony, Scutellaria barbata, Portulaca perennial flowers, often for annual cultivation. Like the warm, sunny and dry environment, see the sun blooming, morning, evening, cloudy days close, so it has the name of "sunflower, noon flower".

Native to Brazil in South America. Now it is cultivated all over China. There are many colors, light fragrance, easy to raise and easy to survive.

Sunflower focuses on the control of aphids, apricot bees, apricot beetles and so on. Aphids: the key to control aphids is to spray before germination, that is, during the period of flower bud expansion. Imidacloprid 4000-5000 times solution can be used in this period. After germination, the solution of imidacloprid 4000 × 5000 and cypermethrin 2000 × 3000 can kill aphids as well as almond bees. 1500 times of aphid solution can be used after fruit setting. Sun flower ball solid beetle beetle: spray 50-80 times of oil emulsion before germination and add 1500-fold solution of Tylesbon before germination and late May respectively. Control of common diseases and insect pests in Scutellaria barbata

Scutellaria barbata generally refers to sunflower (Portulaca herbaceous flower)

Sunflower (Latin name: Portulaca grandiflora), also known as pine leaf peony, Scutellaria barbata, Portulaca perennial flowers, often for annual cultivation. Like the warm, sunny and dry environment, see the sun blooming, morning, evening, cloudy days close, so it has the name of "sunflower, noon flower".

Scutellaria mandshurica focuses on the control of aphids, apricot wasps, apricot beetles and so on. Aphids: the key to control aphids is to spray before germination, that is, during the period of flower bud expansion. Imidacloprid 4000 can be used in this period. After germination, the mixture of imidacloprid (4000) and cypermethrin (2000-3000) can kill aphids as well as almond bees. 1500 times of aphid solution can be used after fruit setting. Beetle beetle: spray 50-80 times of the oil emulsion before germination and add 1500 times of Tilesbon.