What are the garden plant piercing pests? How to control piercing and sucking pests?

The stinging pests are very common in garden plants. They are small but numerous, and the initial symptoms of plant damage are not obvious, which leads to people's easy to ignore them. What are some of the most common insect pests? How to prevent?

Piercing suction pests often live in groups on twigs, leaves, buds and fruits, absorbing plant sap and robbing them of nutrients, causing branches, leaves and flowers to curl or even the whole plant to wither or die. At the same time, it induces coal pollution disease, sometimes pests themselves are the transmission vector of virus disease, which is harmful to gardens.

1. Occurrence characteristics of stinging pests

Both adults and nymph have sucking mouthparts and can harm plants.

(1)Causes the plant nutrient and the moisture to reduce, affects the growth development, when serious may cause the plant to die;

(2)Can secrete a lot of honeydew to cause the occurrence of coal pollution;

(3)Many species may transmit virus diseases of flowers;

(4)Some species have developed ovipositor, oviposition when the branches and leaves of plants produce wounds, body shape changes greatly;

(5)The fecundity is strong, besides the hermaphroditism, there are parthenogenesis, all of which are incomplete metamorphosis.

2. Hazard characteristics:

(1)Leaves lose green and appear yellow spots or red;

(2)leaf curl deformation;

(3)Formation of various galls;

(4)The tender shoots are discolored and wilted, bent and drooping, deformed and clustered, and even dead;

(5)Honeydew on branches and leaves induces coal pollution.

The identification and control of piercing-sucking pests such as psyllids, net bugs and insects are mainly introduced below.

I. Psyllids

(1)Psyllids main species: Photinia psyllid, Chinese parasol psyllid, Syzygium psyllid, citrus psyllid, camphor psyllid and so on.

1. Psyllia heteri

Psyllid has 3 generations every year and overwinters with eggs on branches. It is seriously damaged from April to August every year. Usually 5- 20 individuals cluster together, covering each other with wax.

2. Psyllia formosana

The psyllid has 2 generations a year and overwinters with eggs on branches. Both nymph and adult are gregarious, often more than ten to dozens of them live in groups on the back of leaves. The nymph lives in white wax and walks quickly; the adult flies poorly and has strong jumping ability.

3. Psylla albizia

Albizia psyllid has 3-4 generations a year. In late May, it entered the peak period of damage and overwintered as adults under bark cracks, tree holes and fallen leaves.

4. Xylocyza mongolica

(2)Integrated control of psyllids

① Strengthen inspection when transporting seedlings, and prohibit the transportation of insect-carrying materials.

(2) Combine pruning and cut off branches with eggs.

(3) Protect and utilize natural enemies, such as Chinese bugs, chrysophora, parasitic bees, etc.

④ At the initial stage of occurrence, imidacloprid, chlorpyrifos, methomyl and other pesticides can be sprayed for control. It is recommended to use garden insecticide Baizhizhen for control. In the peak stage, garden insecticide aphid can be diluted 800-1000 times (mixed with water 160kg-200kg) for spray control.

(5) Use one irrigation tree without insects (Xinmie), root irrigation tree insecticide.

II. NET BUGS

(1)Net bugs have cuckoo crown net bugs He Fatong square wing net bugs.

1. Cuckoo crown net bug:

It is distributed in Guangdong, Guangxi, Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Fujian, Liaoning, Taiwan and other places. It is the main pest of rhododendron.

Adult and nymph damage leaves, suck juice and excrete feces, make the back of leaves rust yellow, white spots appear on the front of leaves, seriously affect the photosynthesis of plants, resulting in slow growth and early defoliation of plants. High temperature and drought occurred heavily, mainly leaf back damage, also known as pear crown net bug, pear net bug, pear army with insects. Harm rose, peach, pear, begonia, rhododendron, plum blossom, cherry blossom, Michelia, camellia, jasmine, Chinese plum, mulberry, paulownia, poplar, plum, peach, apple.

Adult and nymph suck sap on the back of leaves. There are many brown spots at the victim and fly droppings left when laying eggs. The back of the victim leaf is rusty yellow and the front is pale.

North China has 3-4 generations a year, and Central and South China has 5-6 generations a year. They overwinter as adults in bark cracks, dead branches, weeds or gaps in soil. The overwintering adults began to move in the first and middle of April of the next year, and the damage was most serious in July and August of the whole year. The adults began to overwinter after the middle and late October.

2. Dictyopterus phatonicus

It occurs 3 generations a year in northern China and 5-6 generations a year in central and southern China. It begins to move in the first and middle of April of the next year, lays eggs on the back of leaves in the last ten days of April, damages for the first time in June, damages most seriously in July and August, and overwinters in the middle and last ten days of October.

It has the phenomenon of overlapping generations, adult and nymph alternate damage, nymph stage is the best control.

(2)Integrated control measures of net bugs

① Weeds and litter are removed and destroyed in winter.

Protection of natural enemies.

(3) When a few white adults were found in the nymph group on the leaves, it indicated that the first generation nymph had basically hatched, which was a favorable time for control. Chlorpyrifos, methomyl, leaf insect net (abamectin high chlorine), secondary butoxycarb, buprofezin, pymetrozine, such as aphid. Aphids and lice are blocked by 1000 times of EC, 10% imidacloprid WP 1000 times.

4. The duration of effect of using one irrigation tree without insects (Xinmie) is two months.

III. Cicadas

(1)Cicadas: Cicadellidae Homoptera, Cicadellidae. The body is slender. After the body gradually become thin, often can jump, have horizontal walk habit, commonly known as floating dust, many kinds. The following main species: Isatis indigotica, small green leafhopper, cotton leafhopper, etc. Adult and nymph prick plant sap, the injured leaves present small white spots, branches die, affect growth and development and can transmit virus.

1. Isatis indigotica

The eggs overwinter in the cortex of branches in 2-6 generations of a year, and the overwintering eggs begin to develop and damage in late March of the next spring. The newly hatched nymph likes to gather and feed, and when disturbed, it will quickly walk horizontally, and the leaves will escape to the back of leaves.

2, spotted wax cicada

Harmful ailanthus, acacia, creeper, pearl plum, privet, begonia, peach, boxwood, parasol and so on. Adult and nymph insects suck plant sap, resulting in malnutrition or atrophy of plants, and excreta lead to the occurrence of coal pollution. One generation a year overwinters as egg mass on tree trunk or nearby buildings. The nymph hatches in the middle and late April of the next year, adults appear in the middle of June, and eggs begin to lay in the middle of August, laying eggs on branches that are sheltered from the wind and sunny.

II. Integrated control of leaf insects:

(1)Strengthen the management of garden green space and weed frequently; combine pruning to cut off damaged branches and leaves to reduce insect sources.

(2)Set up black lights to trap adults.

(3)At the stage of adult and nymph damage, spray 25% Fushiling WP diluted 1 500~2 000 times. 10% imidacloprid 2 000~3 000 times solution, 2.5% dimefon 2 000 times solution and 20% fenvalerate 2 000~3 000 times solution.

In garden management, the stinging pests should not be ignored. Management should be strengthened at ordinary times to ensure the healthy growth of plants.

Control of Piercing Insect Pests on Garden Flowers

Stinging insects: flower pests, stinging insects is an important group, mainly: mosquitoes, aphids, mites, thrips, whiteflies, leafhoppers and so on.

Control methods:

①73% Parmite EC: It can kill adult snails, young mites and eggs. It is harmless to beneficial mites and other natural enemies. It can be used in 1000-3000 times of solution per ship. The efficacy period is 14-35 days.

5% Nisolon EC: It is a low-toxicity acaricide and safe to natural enemies, such as bees and birds. It has strong acaricidal characteristics to many kinds of plant mites, but has poor control effect on adult mites, rust mites and gall mites. Common spider mites use 1500 -2000 times solution.

Petroleum emulsion: a mineral-derived pesticide, has control effect on "five small" pests, and is unique in various scenic spots and orchards.

④ Dicofol: effective against spider mites and root mites. If mixed with dicofol, it has long-term control effect on mites. It also has good effect on root mites diluted 1000 - 1500 times.

5 Pyridazinone (15% EC): It is a high-efficiency, low-toxicity, broad-spectrum acaricide and insecticide. It has good control effect on whitefly, leafhopper, thrips, aphids and other stinging pests. It has high activity on adult mites and young mites. The application times are 2000 - 3000 times.

④ Imidacloprid: also known as Bilin, it is a 12.5% imidacloprid water soluble concentrated solution, which is a highly effective and strong systemic insecticide. It has special effects on aphids, planthoppers, psyllids, thrips, scale insects and other stinging pests. It is excellent for controlling bamboo stem aphid.

Scale insects, the main stinging pests in gardens, do harm to garden pests, no less than hundreds of species, among which, several scale insects have many species, do harm widely and do great harm. In Hangzhou, scenic spots named after pine trees, such as Jiuli Pine and Wansong Forest, were destroyed beyond recognition due to the damage of pine scale; Guangzhou and other places were also destroyed due to the damage of pine scale. Southern street trees are often found with turtle wax scale damage and poor growth, part of the branches and leaves die; garden flowers and shrubs are more damaged by various shield scale, cotton scale, wax scale, velvet scale, so that poor growth, ornamental value is damaged. Scale insects are also referred to as scale insects, belonging to Homoptera scale superfamily. According to the classification of relevant experts, they can be divided into cotton scale, Jing scale, New scale, mealyscale, non-scale, red scale, Australian scale, felt scale, red scale, fettered scale, scale, tail scale, rubber scale, bee scale, shell scale, war scale and shield scale. From the garden common damage of the main scale insects, we can be roughly divided into the following categories: 1, wax scale: this kind of scale insects are wrapped in a thick wax layer, to protect the insect body, different species, wrapped in wax color, density is different, such as red wax scale wrapped in red wax; turtle wax scale, horn wax scale, white wax scale wrapped in white wax, which horn wax scale wax layer soft, and turtle wax scale and white wax layer solid. The wax scale is a single insect wrapped wax, while the wax scale is a multi-insect wrapped wax throughout the branches. 2. Shield scale: This is a kind of scale insect that harms garden plants most. Its insect body can form a thin shield shell of different shapes. The shell can be separated from the insect body as if it is a shield, so it is called shield scale, such as round shield scale; arrow-shaped shield scale: oyster shell-shaped shield scale, etc. Also according to color points, shield shell for white called white shield scale; shield shell for red round shield scale called red round shield scale and so on. 3, mealybugs: this kind of scale insects often secrete a layer of white wax powder outside the body, so when the insect population density is large, it is often seen that there will be scattered wax powder on the branches and leaves of the injured plants. The difference between this kind of scale insect and other scale insects is that other scale insects can crawl except at the initial incubation stage, and no longer crawl after fixed sucking juice; while mealyscale insects can crawl all their lives. 4. Scale insects: After the female adults of these scale insects mature, they can secrete a white waxy layer or waxy sac at the rear end of the abdomen, which produces a large number of eggs. Different species, the shape of their oocysts are different, such as blowing scale oocysts are parallel strip; horny scale oocysts are straight cylindrical; New scale oocysts are long ring, so some people call it ring scale. 5. Scale insects: The insect body surface of this kind of scale insects hardens into shell shape to protect the body. Common ones are oak red scale, Korean scale, cocoa scale, etc. After scale insect damage, can appear all sorts of victimization symptom, list briefly now as follows: 1, because of scale insect suck juice harm, destroyed the nutrition physiology of host plant, so can make branch and leaf become small, yellow, partial branch and leaf withered, leaf falls early, grow development is abnormal. 2, due to the long-term fixation of scale insects to suck juice damage, so that the distribution of chlorophyll, lutein and carotene in the leaves is uneven, so often yellow or red spots appear on the leaves, which is the obvious symptom of scale insect damage. 3, scale insects and some other homopteran pests, in the suction of juice damage at the same time, can discharge colorless transparent excrement, the excrement contains a lot of sugar, will induce the growth of bituminous coal bacteria, so, when scale insects flourish, often see the branches and leaves of the injured plants appear coal pollution layer, this layer of coal pollution, directly affect the photosynthesis and nutrition physiology of plants, but also greatly damage the ornamental value of garden plants. 4. The damage of some scale insects not only directly destroys the nutritional physiology of plants, but also spreads certain germs or toxins while sucking juice, thus seriously affecting the normal growth and development of plants until they die. For example, the damage of pine scale can destroy the conducting tissue of pine tree and affect its conducting function, so the damaged plant begins to show obvious decrease of rosin, then it is found that the lower branches gradually wither, the upper branches appear drooping phenomenon, then there are secondary pests such as longicorn, weevil and termite parasitism, and finally the whole plant dies. (Redirected from sina blog of vegetation spring and autumn 66)