Methods of making bonsai and key points of daily maintenance of chrysanthemum

There are many effects and effects of chrysanthemum, flower wine, chrysanthemum porridge, chrysanthemum pillow can play a certain role in human health, can make people feel refreshed. Chrysanthemum is widely used for ornamental use, the flowers are large and beautiful, comparable to peonies, chrysanthemum bonsai is of great ornamental value.

1. Material selection

The plant height of chrysanthemum is generally 30-90cm. Stem color light green or brown, base semi-lignified. Leaves alternate, oval to oblong, margin serrated. Terminal or axillary heads, one or more fascicled. Among them, the tongue-shaped flowers are female flowers, and the tubular flowers are bisexual flowers; the varieties can choose ten famous chrysanthemums, namely, green peony, ink chrysanthemum (also known as ink lotus), Shuaiqi, green cloud, red clothes, 'Shizhang hanging curtain, West Lake Liuyue, Phoenix Zhenyu, Huang Shigong, Yuhuchun. Chrysanthemum seedlings with strong growth and disease-free insects were selected.

two。 Bonsai modeling

(1) cliff-style chrysanthemum bonsai

The chrysanthemum seedling source for making cliff-style chrysanthemum bonsai can take the old chrysanthemum foot bud to plant it in a tile basin in November, pour enough water, leave it in the shade for a week, and then move to the sunny low temperature (15 ℃) indoor maintenance for the winter. Keep the basin soil moist in winter, and don't water too much. When the weather gets warmer in late March of the following year, move the chrysanthemum seedlings outside and plant them in larger, deeper earthen pots.

(2) Chrysanthemum with stone bonsai

Chrysanthemum with stone bonsai chrysanthemum seedlings also use old chrysanthemum foot buds. In November, chrysanthemum foot buds with strong growth and about 4cm length were selected and implanted in the basin. The basin soil should be mixed with fine sand and old basin soil, and fertilizer soil should not be used. After the foot bud of chrysanthemum survives, it should be placed in the room with low temperature and sunny temperature, and the watering should be properly controlled. The pot soil should not be too wet, otherwise it will cause the chrysanthemum to grow.

3. Bonsai maintenance

(1) Light

Chrysanthemum is a short-day plant, like shade, avoid the scorching sun, so it is necessary to give proper shade in summer. The light time of 14 hours a day is beneficial to the growth of branches and leaves, and if 12 hours a day is spent in the dark, it is beneficial to the differentiation of flower buds. Summer chrysanthemum can differentiate flower buds and bloom under the condition of long sunshine in summer.

(2) fertilization

When planting chrysanthemums, sufficient base fertilizer should be applied in the basin. After that, topdressing is applied in the process of plant growth, but not too early or too much, generally applying thin and light fertilizer every 10 days.

(3) watering

Watering should be timely and appropriate. Generally found in the basin soil skin whitening when watering, do not dry do not water, watering is thoroughly, but do not let the basin stagnant water, so as not to cause rotten roots and yellow leaves. To water chrysanthemums, it is best to spray them slowly with a kettle, not with strong water. Watering with less mineral water, pond water, storage of Rain Water is better. The water temperature requirement is consistent with the soil temperature.

The above is the production method of chrysanthemum bonsai, if you are also interested in the production of chrysanthemum bonsai, you can come to Huinong net to learn more about it!

Production technology and maintenance management of chrysanthemum bonsai

Production Technology of Chrysanthemum Bonsai

Chrysanthemum is a famous flower in China. It has a long history of making chrysanthemum. Such as the famous cliff chrysanthemum, its cultivation history is relatively long. The appreciation points of chrysanthemum works are the artistic conception of chrysanthemum works, the posture of chrysanthemum piles and the luxuriance of chrysanthemums. How can we make the chrysanthemums blossom? Some of the following experiences and methods can be used:

(1) Variety selection

There are many varieties of chrysanthemums, including large flowers and small flowers. Generally speaking, chrysanthemums with small flowers bloom more, while those with bonsai flowers are better.

(2) maintenance and management

In order to make the chrysanthemum blossom, the maintenance and management system is the key. It is only when the chrysanthemum plant itself grows exuberantly and is rich in nutrition that there are many strong flowers.

(3) adequate light should be provided.

Adequate light is a prerequisite for seedlings to thrive. Only when the leaves get enough light, can they produce enough nutrients during photosynthesis, and only when they are transported to the whole plant can the chrysanthemum plant have more leaves and flowers.

(4) the soil condition should be good.

Aeration and drainage, humus-rich soil, can promote chrysanthemum root strong, flowering.

(5) watering and fertilization should be appropriate.

Moisture is beneficial to the elongation of large internodes of leaves, while drought makes the internodes of leaves shorter, so we should pay attention to watering. The principle is to see dry and wet, and water thoroughly. Fertilization is the key to plant formation and flowering, too much fertilizer or too small is not conducive to plant formation, so it is necessary to adjust the amount of fertilizer application in time. In general, after the chrysanthemum takes root in spring, thin fertilizer can be applied once a week to promote the healthy growth of the plant.

(6) Disease and pest control

Chrysanthemums are prone to aphids, so we should pay attention to the prevention and control of aphids. It can be sprayed with 1000 times of dichlorvos or 1000 times of omethoate. At ordinary times, attention should be paid to ventilation in the greenhouse and cooling in summer, so as to reduce the occurrence of aphids.

(7) short-day treatment

Chrysanthemum is a short-day plant. The short-day treatment of it is beneficial to promote bud appearance. The method is to choke the head, buckle the plant in the early morning or evening with a thick black paper bag to cover the scattered light in the morning and evening, and the plant can bud after more than 20 days.

(8) pick the heart

Picking the heart can promote the plant to produce more new branches, obtain a plump "crown", and create conditions for more flowers. After the initial modeling of the plant, the coring treatment can be carried out. Heart-picking should not be too late, and the last heart-picking treatment should be controlled about 20 days before budding. Otherwise, there will be no bud, and years of hard work will be in vain.

(9) spraying phosphorus and potassium fertilizer to promote bud.

After the last choking stop, you can spray phosphorus and potassium fertilizer to promote buds. Foliar spraying with a mixture of 1% potassium dihydrogen phosphate and 0.5% urea, while reducing the amount of watering and watering times to promote the increase of flower buds.

Key points for winter conservation of chrysanthemum bonsai

After the old plant of bonsai chrysanthemum is gently cut and rejuvenated after flowering, different ways of overwintering can be chosen due to different regions and weather conditions. Southern and central China do not have to bother to cover against the cold in winter, just put the bonsai under the leeward south wall. Rainy areas can safely survive the winter cold by properly preventing water from retting. Xiaoju should be covered slightly in winter in the mild area of northern China, as long as the chrysanthemum plant is not less than-10 ℃ in the coldest time, and the frost is serious in the north and plateau areas. The frost period is long, and the night temperature drops to-15 ℃ or even lower, so soil burial is commonly used. The lower part of the soil is buried while the upper part is covered with dry leaves, entering the cellar, entering the cold room, entering the lower temperature greenhouse and so on to avoid the cold winter. Here, the taboos of protection and management of bonsai chrysanthemum in the north and plateau during overwintering are introduced for reference, in order to avoid losses caused by improper handling of bonsai.

The roots and buds of small chrysanthemum have strong cold tolerance, which can generally bear the freezing of-30 ℃. The old stems, leaves, branches and buds above the rhizosphere are difficult not to be harmed below 0 ℃, so we often dry up in winter and grow in warm spring. The bonsai chrysanthemum we have raised for one year can not only blossom in the second year under reasonable management, but also after scientific pruning, control and styling, the whole plant grows longer and denser, and blossoms more than the first year. Here are some management taboos according to the above-mentioned overwintering methods.

Before the frost period comes, bonsai chrysanthemum is covered with pots or stripped of pots and covered with plain wet soil, first of all, it is taboo to use fertile soil or soil mixed with firewood, grass and leaves, because the plain soil will not mildew and generate heat to harm the roots and plants of chrysanthemum. If the dry leaves are covered with dry leaves, even if the leaves become wet due to snow, they will dry after sunny, so as not to do great harm to chrysanthemum plants. Second, it is taboo to keep watering after burying, because the wet soil is buried, and the small chrysanthemum does not grow nor consume water under the soil, even if the soil surface is dry, and the chrysanthemum plant is not in danger of dying all winter. so on the contrary, too much water will suffocate the slow breathing of the chrysanthemum plant, resulting in death and mildew. Third, taboo planing inspection, hibernating chrysanthemum plants gradually adapt to the small environment, no need to check visits, planing is easy to shovel dried chrysanthemum, chrysanthemum branches, but also easy to re-bury improper so that chrysanthemum plants are heated or frozen, this way of collection or the beginning to do carefully and thoughtful, spring rest assured that it is better.

Into the cellar or cold room bonsai chrysanthemum into the cellar or into the cold room overwintering can also take the basin or take off the basin, take off the basin into the cellar, enter the cold room also need wet to bury the roots, the upper part can be covered or exposed, but the ambient temperature should not be lower than-10 ℃, the ideal temperature is-4 ℃ to 4 ℃, keep dormant until spring sprouting in February and March. During this period, it is forbidden to be too dry and too wet; at the same time, we should not be careless in the monitoring of ambient temperature. it is harmful to chrysanthemum plants to forget to cover the mouth of the pit or to freeze the doors and windows, or to stimulate buds in the cellar or indoor. Generally speaking, it is easy to dry and need to be hydrated, but do not water it frequently. It is also easy to heat up when entering the house in sunny and warm weather, but do not forget to close the window at the right time.

Entering the lower temperature greenhouse chrysanthemum plant will stop dormancy at the beginning of winter and turn into the growth state, this situation must be managed, and it is taboo to let it grow wildly. The new buds should be reasonably sparse, and the long branches should be pruned or bent, that is, to enter the modeling management.

Avoiding the above taboos can make the old chrysanthemum plant thrive from dormancy to growth, and the chrysanthemum plant will contribute brilliantly again in autumn in the coming year.