What are the common flower pests in potted plants? Introduction to common pest forms of flowers

In flower culture, flower lovers are most worried about pests, the breeding of pests not only cause damage to flowers but also damage the culture environment, serious and even lead to the death of a large number of flowers. In order to let you understand these pests, the editor of Huinong Network is here to introduce their morphological characteristics.

The main pests that harm flowers are aphids, scale insects, longicorn beetles, butterfly moths, and so on.

1. Aphids

There are many species of aphids, which belong to Homoptera and Aphidoidea in taxonomy. Aphids often occur on the buds, tender stems or tender leaves of plants, sucking plant juice, discoloring and yellowing the damaged parts, causing plant malnutrition, organ wilting or curling deformities, and even the whole plant withering and dying. In addition to direct harm, aphids are also the media of many viruses. Internal absorption agents can be used for spray or root irrigation control.

2. Scale insects

There are many species of scale insects with special morphology, which belong to Homoptera and scale suborder in taxonomy. Scale insects often occur on the leaves, branches or stems of plants, sucking plant juice, making the damaged parts fade and yellowing, resulting in plant malnutrition, wilting, and even the whole plant withering and dying. Scale insects are not only directly harmful, but also the media of many viruses. Internal absorption agents can be used for spray or root irrigation control.

3. Longicorn beetles

There are many species of longicorn beetles, which belong to Coleoptera and Cerambycidae in taxonomy. Adults are active during the day and feed on the leaves, bark and pollen of plants. Most of the larvae drill into the stem or root of the plant, and the xylem of the plant, making irregular cavities that lead to the outside of the stem or root of the plant, excreting fecal grains and sawdust, which is an important clue to the discovery of stem borer. Longicorn beetles eat into the xylem of plants and seriously affect the growth of plants, often causing plants, branches and stems to break or die, or even the whole plant to die. Internal absorption agents can be used for root irrigation control or artificial killing.

4. Butterflies and moths

There are many species of butterfly moths, small to medium-sized, colorful, and belong to Lepidoptera in taxonomy. The color of adults varies greatly, some of them are very beautiful, and their bodies are densely covered with flat and fine scales, forming markings of different colors. Larvae often harm the leaves, flowers, fruits, stems and roots of plants, resulting in missing, curling and sinking of leaves and flowers, and holes in stems, fruits and roots, affecting the growth and appreciation of plants, especially the ornamental of flowers and plants. the picture shows the pest white moth. Contact agents can be used for spray control or manual hunting.

5. Mites that turn a blind eye

When it comes to mites, you should have heard of it, such as Demodex parasitic on human skin, dust mites living in the air or pillows, quilts, acaroid mites in flour, but know very little about its appearance, because its individual is very small, if you do not pay attention to it is not easy to see, generally use a magnifying glass to observe. Mites often do harm to the back of plant leaves, at the beginning of the damage, the leaves appear green spots, and then cause green spots, whole leaves turn yellow, curl deformation, and seriously cause leaf shedding. The species that harm flowers are spider mites (red, commonly known as red spiders, such as cinnabar spider mites, citrus whole claw mites), fine beard mites (yellow, red, such as short beard mites), tarsal line mites (white, such as tea tarsal line mites).

The above is the introduction of the morphology of common pests in flower culture arranged by Huinong net Xiaobian. Flower friends must pay more attention to these pests and control them as soon as possible.

What are the common pests of family farmed flowers? Control methods of common insect pests in flowers

The common pests of family cultured flowers are aphids, mosquitoes and flies (bacteria and flies) and whitefly, which not only adversely affect the ornamental of flowers, but also seriously threaten the healthy growth of flowers. There are two main methods for the prevention and control of flower pests, one is killing, which is mainly aimed at the pests with large individuals and a small number, and the other is insecticide, which is mainly aimed at the pests of mouthparts, such as beetles, pteroptera larvae and so on.

I. aphids

Harmful characters: aphids are a kind of bluish yellow insects, often concentrated on new shoots or buds such as rose, pomegranate and chrysanthemum, sucking liquid juice with mouthparts, resulting in curling and atrophy of tender leaves, seriously affecting growth and flowering, curling and withering plant leaves, producing galls and spreading virus disease.

Prevention and control methods: continuously smear leaves with tobacco water (50 times liquid) and soapy water for several times; spray with 25% fish rattan essence 800ml 1000 times solution, 40% chlorinated dimethoate 2000 times solution, 3% natural pyrethroid 1000 times liquid and deltamethrin 2000000 times liquid and so on.

2. Red spider

Harmful characters: mainly harmful to rhododendron, rose, a bunch of red, begonia, cactus, dragon cypress, etc., will suck juice with piercing mouthparts to harm the plant, resulting in small yellow-white spots on the leaves, and even scorch or fall off the leaves.

Control methods: remove weeds in the basin, eliminate overwintering eggs, improve ventilation conditions and reduce temperature; acaricides can be used for chemical control, such as butyl ether urea, abamectin, pyridaben, methotrexate, amitraz, dicofol or omethoate 100 times solution alternately sprayed on the leaves of red spiders at the initial stage of occurrence.

Mosquitoes and flies (bacteria and flies)

Harmful flowers: it is common to grow seedlings with potted flowers or grass flowers, such as poinsettia, cyclamen and pansy.

Control methods: the use of Huifu, Huijian, avermectin and other agents, through root irrigation to prevent and control mosquitoes and flies larvae.

4. Thrips

It mainly harms many kinds of flowers, such as Anthurium andraeanum, cyclamen, rose, carnation, Platycodon grandiflorum and so on. Thrips often file and suck juice at the back of tender leaves and floral organs, making the injured leaves curl, yellow, brittle and shedding.

Prevention and control methods: physical, chemical and biological methods can be used for comprehensive control; chemical control uses Huijian, lice acaroid urea, Huijian + kungfu, avermectin, spinosad and other chemical spray control.

5. Scale insects

Harmful characters: the main species of scale insects are powdery insects, red wax scale insects, blow cotton shell insects and so on, which are mainly parasitic on the young stems and leaves of plants and insert plant tissues to absorb sap with prickle mouthparts, which is one of the common pests in indoor foliage plants.

Prevention and control methods: manual control: remove the worm body with a brush and then rinse it with water; chemical control: in the peak incubation period of nymphs whose waxy shell has not yet been formed on the surface of the insect body, spray control is carried out with 1000 times of isocarbophos, 1500-2000 times of fenvalerate and 800 times of omethoate.

6. Whitefly

Harmful characters: whitefly is widely distributed and harms many kinds of flowers. the body of whitefly is small and white, and the mouthparts of adults and larvae insert juice from the back of the leaves to make the leaves withered and yellow, while excreting honeydew on the leaves and causing soot disease.

Control method: spray 2.5% deltamethrin, 20% permethrin 1500mur2000 times and pyrethroid and other pesticides to control nymphs, adults and eggs, once every 7 days, 3-4 times in a row.

7. Underground pests such as nematodes and grubs

Harmful characters: mainly bite the roots and tender stems of plants underground, resulting in root and stem rot and plant death.

Control methods: disinfect the soil with steam or medicament, trap and kill trichlorfon with food, irrigate plants with 1000 times liquid of trichlorfon, and kill manually.

8. Snails

Harmful characters: snails mainly harm plant leaves, tender stems and roots, making plant branches and leaves incomplete, affecting plant growth and ornamental, and even leading to planting death in serious cases.

Prevention and control methods: sprinkle with trichlorfon food in the snail's regular activity area; spray around the plant with trichlorfon and deltamethrin 1500 / 2000 times; and kill the snail with 8% Mianhuoling granule around the root agent.

What are the family flower diseases and insect pests? Summary and control measures of common diseases and insect pests in family flowers

At present, family flower breeding is a way for people to live and cultivate their nature. it is understood that the vast majority of people in our country raise green seedlings at home, because they can cultivate sentiment and purify the air, but diseases will also be encountered in the process of breeding. The following editor will talk to you about the common types of family flower diseases and their prevention and control methods for your reference.

I. main insect pests of flowers and plants and their control methods

1. Crustaceans

The common ones are red wax scale, horn wax scale, chaff scale, rose white wheel scale, Guang Fei scale and so on. Harm to rhododendron, rose and other woody flowers. Most of the nymphs clustered in the twigs and leaves, causing deformity of new shoots, early fall of leaves, and coal fouling disease at the same time.

Prevention and control methods: cut off insect branches and burn them to protect natural enemies. Spray 10-15 times turpentine mixture once in winter. Spray Baume 3-5 degree stone sulfur mixture in early spring once. Grow 90% crystal 500x liquid or 50g Lathion emulsion 1000-1500 times 2-3 times in 7-10 days per season.

2. Aphids

The common aphids are peach aphid, cotton aphid, chrysanthemum aphid, rose aphid and so on. The female and nymph colonized the shoot and leaf back to absorb juice, and the injured leaves shrunk and Tongchang induced coal fouling disease.

Prevention and control methods: protect natural enemies (ladybugs, lacewings, aphid flies, etc.). Or trap with yellow viscose.

3. Leaf mites

Red spider, acaroid mite and two-point spider mite are common. Endanger many kinds of flowers. The injured leaves lost green and appeared spots, the leaves were curled and shrunken, and the leaves were scorched and fallen seriously.

Prevention and control methods:

(1) Natural enemies. There are many kinds of natural enemies of pests, and the species can be controlled by heaven and earth in the process of planting, among which the main natural enemies are deep mite-eating ladybug, bundle-tube mite-eating ladybug, discolored ladybug, large and small lacewings, small flower bugs, phytoseiid mites and so on. they play a positive role in controlling the population of insect pests.

(2) chemical control. Use 1000-fold solution of Bendingdalin EC (such as Guoguang Hongxie) or 10% Bendendalin EC (such as Guoguang Hongxie) 1000 times solution + 5.7% methylvitamin salt EC (such as Guoguang Lok) 3000 times after spray control, it is recommended to use twice at intervals of 7-10 days.

(3) if the situation is serious, Guoguang red can be used (recommended and effective). Spray with water according to different pest conditions. Observe every half a month. If there are more red spiders, you can continue.

(4) few red spiders can be pinched to death with tweezers and rinse the leaves with clean water, so that the soil can be changed to prevent the eggs from being ignored.

4. Whitefly

There are common greenhouse whitefly, orange whitefly and so on. Adults and larvae gather on the back of the leaves and suck on the juice. when the damage is serious, the leaves fade and dry, and cause coal fouling disease at the same time.

Prevention and control method: trap and kill with yellow viscose board, spray 2.5% deltamethrin, 20% chlorhexidine 2000 times.

Second, root pests

1. Ground tiger

It mainly harms the seedlings of many kinds of herbal flower leather, such as chrysanthemum, carnation and so on.

Control methods: poison bait, mix well with 90% trichlorfon and wheat or bean cake foam at 1:50, spread seedlings in the rhizosphere in the evening, and kill larvae.

2. Snails

It mainly harms cyclamen, melon, leaf chrysanthemum and other greenhouse flowers.

Control method: sprinkle a thin layer of carbaryl powder on the bottom of the damaged plant or apply control.

III. E class

1. Thorns and snails

Common are yellow thorn E, flat thorn E, mulberry brown thorn E and so on. It mainly feeds on the leaves of many kinds of woody flowers, such as preserved plum and rose, resulting in holes or carnivorous leaves and only veins.

Prevention and cure method: 1000 times liquid of 90% crystal, or 3000 times liquid of pyrethroid pesticides.

2. Nocturnal

Common are Spodoptera litura, Spodoptera litura and so on. Mainly harm rose, lily, cyclamen, chrysanthemum, carnation and other flowers. The newly hatched larvae feed on the back of the leaves, and feed on the tender leaves to form holes after the 3rd instar.

Prevention and control methods: black light traps and kills adults, protect natural enemies (Trichogramma, spiders), and spray Haizheng liquid.

IV. Main diseases of flowers and their control methods

1. Powdery mildew

Also called powdery mildew. Harmful to rose, rose, big-leaf boxwood, kumquat and so on are also found. Often infect the leaves, stems and stalks of flowers. At the time of occurrence, a layer of white powder appeared on the surface of the hazard, and the leaves withered when the disease was serious. It often occurs in hot, humid and unventilated places.

Prevention and control methods: can be sprayed with alcohol for three-week or topiramate, carbendazim, chlorothalonil (75% wettable powder) and other drugs.

2. White silk disease

Harm rose, jasmine, gentleman orchid, small pomegranate, peach leaf coral, orchid, chrysanthemum and so on. When the disease occurs, the base will turn brown and rot, and after a serious meeting, it will turn yellow to brown like rapeseed.

Prevention and treatment: disinfect the basin soil before use, the planting environment needs ventilation, and the diseased branches should be trimmed in time.

3. Rust

It occurs from July to August and often harms the leaves of grape, woody begonia, Chinese wolfberry, chrysanthemum and so on. The damaged leaf surface initially showed yellowish green spots, and the back of the leaf was densely covered with orange-yellow powder. after that, black-brown polygonal spots appeared around the disease spots, and the disease spots mostly appeared near the leaf vein, near the leaf vein and at the edge of the leaf edge. The disease began from the lower leaves and gradually spread to the upper leaves.

Prevention and treatment: in late autumn, clean Luoji and burn it. It was sprayed 4-5 times in the whole year, and the spraying effect was the most significant from July to August.

4. Blight

Also known as cataplexy. It happens in a hot and wet environment. Flowers initially appeared in the rhizome of scalded, water-stained rot, yellowish brown, and then the injured part became soft and fell to death. The source of the disease comes from fungi in the soil and spreads quickly.

Prevention and control methods: plant ash can be sprinkled on the surface of the basin soil to prevent, or it can be burned and irrigated with 1500 times of ammonium bromide, once every 7-10 days to control the spread.

5. Leaf spot

Also known as black spot, brown spot and so on. It is harmful to rose, camellia, rhododendron, rose, chrysanthemum and so on. When the disease occurs, black spots appear in the middle of the leaves, and then the leaves fall off yellow. The disease is mostly caused by muggy and humid environment.

Prevention and control methods: pay attention to improve the environmental conditions, in the first onset of the disease can remove the damaged leaves and burn. Du 8000 times solution was sprayed 2-3 times every 7-10 days.

6. Anthrax

It is generally harmful to Chunlan, Cymbidium, Jianlan, Cymbidium, Gentleman and other flowers. At the beginning of the disease, round or semicircular reddish-brown spots appear on the leaves, then turn dark brown, and the edges sometimes show yellow halos; the later lesions are gray-white.

Prevention and control methods: do not drench when watering, potted flowers should not be placed too dense, the place should be transparent and ventilated. The diseased leaves should be cut off in time after the disease is found. Drug prevention and treatment can be carried out with double solution of carbendazim wettable powder.

7. Soot disease

The disease is most likely to be found in muggy, unventilated or soot-smoked environments. At the beginning, dark brown coal stains appeared on the leaves of the diseased plants, and then expanded. Perennial evergreen woody flowers, such as Magnolia, Camellia, Chinese Ivy and so on, will also be infected with chrysanthemum and rose, resulting in black soot-like mildew layer.

Prevention and treatment: scrub off the coal dirt with a small amount of available water or alcohol, or cut off the diseased leaves, and in serious cases, spray multi-bacterial record or Bordeaux solution.

8. Brown spot

Main symptoms: yellowish purple brown disease spots appeared on the leaves in the early stage, and expanded into black in the later stage, and in severe cases, the whole leaf became black and withered.

Control prescription: spray 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder 500 times liquid.

9. Downy mildew

Main symptoms: irregular chlorotic spots appeared on the leaf surface in the early stage, enlarged in the later stage, polygonal, yellowish brown, and white mildew layer on the back of the spot.

Prevention and treatment: Jialing wettable powder 300 times or 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder 800 times.

10. Mosaic disease

The main symptoms: bright chlorotic linear spots appeared in the early leaves, but enlarged in the later stage, so that the leaves withered, the plant grew poorly, no flowers or flowers changed to green.

Prevention and control methods: because of virus infection, and remove the diseased plants and destroy them, spray aphids regularly to reduce the spread of diseases.

11. Chlorosis

Main symptoms: the apical mesophyll of the plant is generally yellowed, and the leaf vein is still green, which leads to plant growth weakness and dwarfing in severe cases.

Prevention and control methods: improve the soil to prevent salinity and alkali, keep the soil slightly acidic, and spray 0.5% ferrous sulfate or iron chelate on yellowed plants.

Sclerotinia sclerotiorum

Main symptoms: early invasion of leaf sheath, production of light brown disease spot, late invasion of stem and bulb, decay and appearance of black particles.

Control method: spray 70% methyl topiramate wettable powder 1500 times solution.

13. Nodule disease

Main symptoms: tumor formed in the place where the bulb was formed, and the damaged plants did not grow well.

The prevention and cure shows that the diseased plants are removed and the affected areas are disinfected with quicklime.

Family flower planting disease is a common occurrence, the above are the detailed types of diseases and control methods, you hurry to understand, we can do a good job in prevention as soon as possible and reduce the probability of disease occurrence.