How to make the bonsai of Guanguo pear tree? Production and maintenance of bonsai of Guanguo pear trees

Pear trees are graceful in posture, full of white flowers in spring, fruitful in autumn, full of fruit aroma, and lovely leaves of some varieties. The fruit is considerable and edible. Because of the strong adaptability of pear trees, under potted conditions, the roots are colorful, slightly exposed on the potted soil, and are deeply loved by bonsai lovers because of their solid sense. Below, the editor of Huinong Network will tell you about the production and maintenance of bonsai of Guanguo pear trees.

1. Material selection

The main results are as follows: (1) du pear has strong adaptability, developed taproot, exuberant growth, saline-alkali tolerance and strong affinity with sand pear, white pear, Xiyang pear, Qiuzi pear and so on.

(2) Qiuzi pear has developed root system, strong adaptability and cold tolerance, is not easy to catch disease, and has strong affinity among varieties, so it is a good rootstock in cold area.

(3) pear has shallow root system, strong adaptability, heat and waterlogging resistance, but poor cold tolerance. It has good grafting performance with Xiyang pear and some white pear varieties, so it is the first choice for potted rootstocks in the Yangtze River basin and the south of China.

(4) there are three types of coffin A, B and C, type An and each variety have strong affinity, type C has the strongest dwarfing effect, and it is the first choice for dwarfing rootstock of western pear.

2. Bonsai modeling

Pear trees are suitable for making many different forms of bonsai, such as direct dry type, oblique dry type, curved type, double dry type, jungle type, facing water type, horizontal dry type and so on. Because of the large leaves, the crown is mostly in the natural shape, and does not have to be tied into a sheet. Due to the strong growth of pear trees, large annual growth, and vigorous development of top branches, no matter what form of bonsai, strong branches should be controlled by the method of head-beating and coring, so as to make them short and compact.

The pear tree has a large fruit, which is the main viewing point of its bonsai. When cultivating the crown, the size, number and distribution of the fruit should be determined according to the plant shape and nutrient reserve. We can adjust the direction of branches, increase the number of backbone branches, control strong branches and promote the growth of short branches by means of drawing, twisting, bending and truncation, so as to cultivate strong fruiting branches and make bonsai branches and leaves plump and bear appropriate amount. The root system of pear tree is well developed, which can be raised according to the need to increase the artistic conception of the vicissitudes of bonsai.

3. Bonsai maintenance

(1) Light

Pear trees like light, lack of light in the growing season, poor branch growth, and flower buds are not full, which affect flowering and fruiting. Pear trees have strong cold resistance during the dormant period. Potted plants can survive the winter if they are placed in a low temperature room, and they can also survive the winter when they are buried in the north.

(2) watering

Pear trees need adequate water supply during the growing period. In the early flowering stage, late flowering stage and early fruit setting stage, insufficient watering will affect the fruit setting rate and fruit weight gain. Many pear varieties blossom and do not bear fruit, especially in potted plants. if you raise 2-3 pots, it is best for different varieties to carry out artificial pollination on the same day or the next day. Proper water control to inhibit the growth of new branches in the middle and last ten days of June could also promote the physiological differentiation of flower buds and then return to normal watering. Water less in winter.

(3) fertilization

With the rising temperature in spring, pear trees gradually enter a prosperous period of growth and need more fertilizers. Organic liquid fertilizer with light maturity is applied every half month, and 0. 2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate liquid fertilizer is applied 2-3 times every 15 days.

Production and maintenance of pear bonsai

Making of pear bonsai

First of all, the production of pear bonsai can choose mountain pear, du pear, Qiuzi pear, pear and so on as rootstocks. The scion is suitable for selecting excellent pear varieties with strong growth and easy to hang fruit, which can be grafted by bud grafting or branch grafting.

Secondly, pear trees are suitable to take a variety of bonsai modeling, straight dry type, oblique dry type, double dry type, jungle type, water-facing type, qu dry type, horizontal dry type and so on are all good choices. Because of the large pear leaves, the natural shape of the crown is appropriate. In addition, the growth of pear trees is relatively strong, the growth of pear trees is large, and the development of top branches is relatively exuberant, so it is necessary to control the growth of strong and strong branches through measures such as heading and coring, which is conducive to the formation of short, compact, natural and beautiful crowns and flower buds.

Finally, the huge fruit is also one of the ornamental values of pear bonsai. While cultivating the crown, the size, number and distribution of the fruit should be determined according to the plant shape and nutrient reserve, so that it can have certain changes. And adopt the methods of truncation, drawing, twisting and bending to adjust the growth direction of branches, increase the number of backbone branches, control strong branches, promote the growth of short branches, achieve the purpose of cultivating high-quality fruiting branches, and make the branches and leaves plump and fruiting in the right amount. In addition, pear trees have well-developed roots, which can be raised according to specific conditions, which can help to set off the ancient artistic conception of bonsai vicissitudes.

Maintenance of pear bonsai

Pear trees need a large amount of fertilizer, in addition to the pot must be fully applied when the base fertilizer, in the growing season of pear trees, generally every 15-20 days need to apply mature organic liquid fertilizer. In addition to normal fertilization, it is necessary to apply more phosphorus and potassium fertilizer in the budding stage, flower bud differentiation stage and fruit expansion stage of pear trees. 0.2-0.3 potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution can be sprayed on the leaves for 2-3 times to meet the nutritional requirements of flowering and fruiting.

As the nutrition in the pear bonsai pot is limited, it is not appropriate to retain too much fruit in order to reduce the consumption of nutrition, usually 1-2 fruits per inflorescence can be retained, and even the whole inflorescence can be removed according to the specific situation.

The basin turning work needs to be carried out every 1-2 years, which is suitable for spring, and the selection of basin soil should be the neutral sandy soil with loose and fertile soil and good drainage.

How to cultivate pear bonsai? points for attention in maintenance of pear bonsai

Flower bonsai network guide: today the flower bonsai network editor to share with you is about how to raise pear bonsai, pear bonsai maintenance points for attention of the article, let's take a look.

Pear trees like warm, humid and sunny growing environment, with strong adaptability. If you do a good job in daily maintenance, you will be able to enjoy the beautiful pear bonsai. So, how to raise pear bonsai?

Pear trees like warm, humid and sunny environment, and have strong adaptability to the environment, cold and high temperature-during the growing period, pear trees can be maintained in places with good ventilation and plenty of sunny. if the light is not enough, the branches will not grow fully and the flower buds will not be full. Winter can be placed in the cold indoor or outdoor shelter to the sun to winter, keep the basin soil free of ice to survive the winter safely.

How to raise temperature and light of pear bonsai

Pear trees like warm, humid and sunny growth environment, strong adaptability, cold and high temperature resistance. During the growing period of the pear tree, it is suitable to keep it in a place with good ventilation and plenty of sunshine. If the light is not enough, the growth of the branches will not be full and the flower buds will not be full. In winter, bonsai can be placed in a cool indoor or outdoor sunny place to keep the basin soil free from ice and survive the winter safely.

Moisture content

Pear leaves are sensitive to water, insufficient water supply is easy to cause wilting, a little longer will dry up and fall off, lack of water will directly affect the fruit setting rate and the growth of young fruits. Therefore, watering can be achieved in daily maintenance to avoid excessive dryness of the soil. Especially in the high temperature and dry weather in summer, we should also spray water to the leaves.

Fertilizer

Pear trees need a large amount of fertilizer, in addition to the pot must be fully applied when the base fertilizer, in the growing season of pear trees, generally every 15-20 days need to apply mature organic liquid fertilizer. In addition to normal fertilization, it is necessary to apply more phosphorus and potassium fertilizer in the budding stage, flower bud differentiation stage and fruit expansion stage of pear trees. 0.2-0.3 potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution can be sprayed on the leaves for 2-3 times to meet the nutritional requirements of flowering and fruiting.

Basin soil

The basin turning work is carried out every 1-2 years, which is suitable for spring. The selection of basin soil should be the neutral sandy soil with loose and fertile soil and good drainage, and the ph value is in the range of 5.88.5.

Pruning

Matters needing attention in the maintenance of pear bonsai

Pruning work in time, cutting off long branches, cross branches, overlapping branches, dead branches, cutting short strong branches to promote the lower branches, and cultivate compact fruiting branches. At the same time, it makes the bonsai achieve a clear and dense natural and beautiful artistic effect.

Because the leaves of pear trees are sensitive to water supply, if the water supply is insufficient, the leaves often wilt, and the leaves will wither and fall off for a long time, especially in the pre-flowering stage, post-flowering stage and fast-growing period of fruit, if there is no sufficient water supply, it can directly affect the fruit setting rate, young fruit growth and fruit weight gain in the later stage. Therefore, the management method of pear bonsai should be sprayed to the leaves when the summer high temperature is dry, and the management method of pear bonsai should be considered.

The middle and lower sentence of June is the period of flower bud differentiation, and short-term drought treatment can be carried out to inhibit the growth of new shoots, increase the proportion of medium and short branches and promote flower bud differentiation by wilting-watering-wilting-watering for about 20 days, and the upper and middle sentences in June can also cut or cut the trunk or main branch in order to increase the proportion of medium and short fruit branches. Watering should be properly controlled in autumn, and soil moisture should be checked frequently in winter to replenish water in time to avoid dry-frozen pear bonsai management. the management method of pear bonsai comes from

Pear trees need a large amount of fertilizer, so it is necessary to apply sufficient basic fertilizer when potting, and to apply mature organic liquid fertilizer every 15 to 20 days in the growing season. In the budding stage, flower bud differentiation stage and fruit expansion stage, in addition to normal fertilization, the amount of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer should be increased by spraying 0.2 to 0.3 potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution to the leaves for 2 to 3 times to meet the flowering and nutrition requirements.

After the tree shape is basically stable, attention should be paid to maintaining the vigorous growth of the tree potential to make it bear fruit year after year, combined with pruning and shaping, cutting off overgrown branches, cross branches, overlapping branches and dead branches, cutting short strong and strong branches, and promoting the sprouting of the lower part to develop into branches. to cultivate compact fruiting branches. And make the bonsai level clear, dense and elegant, to achieve the natural and beautiful artistic effect of pear tree bonsai management method flower encyclopedia.

Due to the limited nutrition in the basin, the fruit left should not be too much, generally leaving 1 to 2 fruits per inflorescence, or even the whole inflorescence can be removed. The basin is turned every spring of 1 to 2 years, and the basin soil should be loose, fertile and well-drained neutral sandy soil, with a ph between 5.8 and 8.5.

I. Biological characteristics

The root system of pear is well developed, and it is easy to produce new roots after root cutting, and there are two growth peaks in a year. Pear flower buds are mixed flower buds, the shape is large and full, most of them are terminal. Fruiting branches can be divided into long, medium and short fruiting branches and short fruiting branches according to their length. When making pear bonsai, short fruit branches and short fruit branch groups should be cultivated and utilized as far as possible to make their shape compact and plump.

Pear is a light-loving tree species, when the light is insufficient, the branch growth is not full, the flower bud formation is not full. Pears have strong cold resistance during dormant period, and potted pears can survive the winter when they are placed in the leeward and sunny place in the central part of Hebei Province. Pears like fertilizer, and the cultivated soil should be loose and fertile.

II. Material selection and cultivation

There are many rootstocks suitable for pears, such as mountain pear, du pear, etc., which can not only be propagated, but also easy to be collected in the mountain area. When collecting in the mountain field, the mountain pear is a better pear rootstock, and its growth potential is strong, and its root system is well developed. when it is returned to the nursery or directly installed in the basin after harvest, the survival rate is high. The purpose of rapid growth and prototyping can be achieved by using small trees or large seedlings with lower branching points in the garden, moderately re-cutting their branches and roots, and directly installing pots to protect them.

Third, the process of potting.

(1) nutritious soil

Pears can grow normally in the range of pH 5.8 to 8.5, and adapt to the pH and salt content of basin soil in a wide range.

(2) use the basin

The root system of pear is well developed and the growth potential is strong, so it is appropriate to choose a deeper vegetable pot when planting for the first time. After forming, it is changed into the purple sand basin. The selection of purple sand basin should be determined by the modeling requirements of the tree body, in general, the use of shallow basin should be avoided as far as possible. If the shallow basin must be used, it should be transferred back to the larger basin after the viewing period to meet the nutrient requirements of the tree.

(3) planting

The suitable potting period of pear is before sprouting in spring and after defoliation in autumn. Before potting, the aboveground branches were moderately heavy and truncated according to the modeling requirements, so as to reduce nutrient consumption and improve the survival rate. The treatment of the root system should be based on the principle of retaining the fibrous root as much as possible, and the root with suitable thickness and length can be placed in a basin to lay the foundation for raising the root in the future; when cutting the thicker root, pay attention to the angle of the cutting blade as far as possible, so as not to form a wound exposure when lifting the root later, affecting the ornamental.

(4) styling

Pear bonsai can be modeled in many forms, such as curved dry, curved dry, oblique dry, cliff, jungle, low dry happy, high dry stratified and so on. Because the pear tree has strong growth potential, large annual growth and strong top branches, no matter what shape it is, strong and strong branches should be controlled to form a short, compact, natural and beautiful shape.

Since the 1990s, the author has cultivated more than a thousand pots of pear trees, and most of his successful works come from rootstocks collected in the depths of Taihang Mountains. this kind of rootstocks are more than decades old and are convenient for a variety of shapes. After several years of potting, the trees are full of fruitful fruits, coupled with vigorous and simple stumps, which are easy to form a wonderful ornamental effect. The cultivation of this kind of stump mainly adopts the method of cutting and storing branches, so that new branches are formed on the head of the stump, and then grafted to form a new crown.

Pear fruit shape is larger, in the pear tree bonsai, the fruit is one of the main body of the picture, "no fruit does not make a scene". The number, size and distribution of fruits vary from year to year and even from season to season. Therefore, in the production of this kind of bonsai, we should pay attention to the selection and cultivation of pile shape in the early stage. after entering the fruiting period, we should pay attention to the change of tree crown, fruit cultivation, determine the distribution of fruit, and outline the gorgeous picture of bonsai of fruit trees with distinct seasons and rich changes. Specific methods such as ① bending shaping. Bend the trunk of the bonsai to make it lively and unrestrained, flexible and changeable, just like a swimming dragon, to achieve the effect of being soft and handsome. This method is mostly used for young trees or perennial pots with a diameter of less than 5 cm, smooth trunk without scar and high branching point. ② truncated and stored branches. It is the main method of pear bonsai modeling and training. Pear latent buds have a long life and are easy to branch after stimulation, and they are often sawed for more than ten years, and good branches can still be produced from latent buds at the sawing site. Therefore, on the basis of retaining the pile shape, the pear pile can be boldly cut off its branches, or re-cultivate the branches and crowns, or adjust the direction of the tree shape, so as to increase the proportion of thickness between the top and bottom, and form the style of towering giant trees in a smaller space.

IV. Plastic surgery skills

Before the fruit of pear bonsai, the top advantage of young trees is obvious, the annual growth of branches is larger, and the branches are less. We should adjust the direction of forming branches, increase the number of backbone branches, control strong branches and promote short branches by means of drawing branches, twisting branches, bending, truncation and so on. Cultivate into a robust fruiting branch group to form a shorter crown. In the early fruiting stage, on the basis of continuing the shaping work, the emphasis should be placed on the cultivation of fruiting branches and fruiting branches close to the inner chamber, so that the inside and outside branches and leaves of the potted trees are full, bear fruit year after year, and their growth and development are balanced.

Combined with shaping and pruning, for long branches, strong branches and medium growing branches, those with space were moderately cut short and flattened in the middle and lower parts, which promoted the lower buds to germinate into branches and cultivated into compact fruiting branches. In order to prevent the fruit part from moving outward and the tree shape confused, the weak front branches of the tree are moderately retracted, the overlapping crosses are removed and the tree branches are disturbed, so that the hierarchy is clear, dense and orderly, and the whole is vigorous, tall and straight. through a small part to see the natural and beautiful form of the whole.

V. maintenance and management

(1) fertilization

Pear bonsai requires a large amount of fertilizer, and organic fertilizer is generally applied every 10 to 15 days in the growing season. In the budding stage, flower bud differentiation stage and fruit expansion stage, in addition to 150 times of organic liquid fertilizer, phosphate and potassium fertilizer should also be applied to meet the needs of flowering, fruiting and tree growth.

(2) watering

Pear trees need sufficient water supply in the whole growing period, and the leaves of pear trees are very sensitive to water, wilting if there is a little loss of water, and scorching and shedding after a little longer time. In the growing season, such as early flowering, late flowering and long-term fruit speed, such as insufficient water supply, it can directly affect the fruit setting rate, young fruit growth and fruit weight gain in the later stage. Therefore, the growing season should be watered according to the soil moisture in the basin. When the temperature is high and the air humidity is small, spray water on the leaves at noon or in the afternoon. Pay attention to drainage on continuous rainy days. Early spring according to soil moisture timely watering, to prevent the occurrence of strip phenomenon.

(3) promoting flowers

The short-term drought treatment was carried out in the middle and late June, which could obviously inhibit the growth of new shoots, increase the proportion of middle and short branches and promote the formation of flower buds.

(4) Fruit protection

The seed setting rate of self-pollination of most pear varieties is very low, and artificial pollination is needed when the number of potted plants is small or the varieties are single.

(5) overwintering against cold

The cold resistance of pear is strong. In the central and southern part of North China, we can choose the unsheltered leeward and sunny place in the south to overwinter. However, it is necessary to check the soil moisture frequently and replenish the water in time.