How to cultivate perilla flower? Introduction to Cuttage Propagation of Perilla frutescens

Perilla frutescens is a perennial herb native to Indonesia. It has strong growth adaptability and likes plenty of sunshine. So how to cultivate it? The following will introduce the cutting propagation method of Perilla frutescens.

Prepare the insert.

When growing vigorously in summer or early autumn, remove the cuttings from the perilla plant. Cut slices about 10 to 15 centimeters long from the top of the plant, paying attention to cutting below the leaf node-where the leaf meets the stem. After placing the cuttings in a short transparent glass container (if a freezer or juice cup), add 3 or 5 centimeters of warm water to the container. Make sure that the lowest leaf node cut must be covered with water.

Rooting period

Place the glass on a windowsill that receives bright light but no direct sunlight, keeping the temperature between 21 and 26 degrees. Add water as needed to cover the lower leaf node. Within a week or two, the insert should start emitting roots from these nodes. Once the root length is 1 to 3 cm, the slices can be planted in a variety of potted soil. Use a flowerpot with a drain hole.

Growth period

When new plants begin to grow, gradually move them to brighter windowsills, such as east or west windowsills, where they are exposed to sunlight for most of the day, but not by the strong midday sun. Keep the soil moist, fertilize every two weeks until late autumn, and use half of the general plant flower fertilizer. Stop fertilizing in winter. When the flowers grow to more than 20 centimeters, new branches are issued during the pinch period.

Transplant cutting

After winter, new plants are transplanted to the ground in early summer. First put the pots in a cool place for three to four hours, and then take them back indoors. Gradually increase their time outdoors and gradually move them to some shaded areas. After hardening for about a week, you can plant perilla plants on the ground, spaced between 15 and 30 centimeters apart. If possible, try to grow in rich, well-drained soil with a pH value close to 7.0.

Cultivation and propagation of colourful leaf grass

Colourful leaf grass is a plant of the genus Coleophora of Labiatae, also known as Perilla frutescens and Perilla frutescens. The leaves of Colored Leaf Grass are bright and colorful, and the leaves are green, red, yellow, dark red, purple, etc., with yellow, red, purple and other spots, and the color is different, showing irregular patches. At present, most of the cultivated color-leaf grass are excellent hybrids of various colors, so they are called hybrid color-leaf grass. Colourful leaf grass is an excellent foliage plant, which can be ornamental in potted plants or in flower beds. Branches and leaves can be used as cut flowers and have high ornamental value.

Growth habit

Color leaf steppe produced in Indonesia, like warm, not cold-resistant, suitable temperature for growth 20 ℃ ~ 25 ℃; like plenty of sunshine; like loose, fertile, well-drained soil; like moist, avoid stagnant water. Originally a perennial herb or sub-shrub, it can not survive the winter in open field in most areas of our country, so it is often cultivated annually.

Reproduction

Because of the advantages of seed saving, easy management, robust growth, short slow seedling period, high seedling rate, short production cycle and high seedling raising efficiency, the seedling raising method is mostly used in the propagation of colourful leaf grass in recent years. According to the breeding materials, it can be divided into two methods: pot sowing and cuttage.

The method of seeding and raising seedlings in burrowing dish

(1) seed: it is suitable to choose the seed with full grain, high vigor and high germination rate. Before sowing, the seeds should be disinfected. Put the seeds in 50 ℃ ~ 60 ℃ warm water and stir for 20 minutes. Soak in water for a period of time, bleach away the shrunken grains, rinse with clean water, filter out the water, and air-dry for use. It can also be soaked, washed and air-dried with 40% formalin solution, 0.5% potassium permanganate solution or 0.3%-1.0% copper sulfate solution.

(2) Matrix: the basic requirements for matrix are asepsis, no insect eggs, no sundries and weed seeds, and have good water retention and air permeability. Can choose peat soil, coconut bran, perlite, vermiculite and other substrates, commonly used peat soil and vermiculite, according to 2 ∶ 1 mixed, sifted use. The seedling substrate had better be disinfected with carbendazim or chlorothalonil with 600-1000 times liquid before sowing. It should be noted that the sowing medium must not be mixed with inorganic fertilizer, otherwise it will lead to non-emergence or death after emergence.

(3) Acupoint plate: the specification of acupoint plate is 288,200,128,50 meshes. Because the seed weight of colourful leaf grass is 3300 per gram and the seed is small, it is often used. For the reuse of the used acupoint plate, it must be cleaned, disinfected and dried before it can be used. It is often washed or sprayed with fungicides such as 600-fold carbendazim and 800-1000-fold carbendazim, and then washed with clean water for 3 times.

(4) sowing: first fill the hole with the matrix, fill each hole evenly as far as possible, and gently suppress it, so that the middle of the matrix is slightly lower than the four weeks. The matrix should not be filled too full and should be slightly lower than the height of the hole, so that the outline of each hole is clearly visible. The day before sowing, the substrate should be wet to the extent that it is just drenched, that is, there is water seeping out from the bottom of the hole. Spray water automatically and intermittently or spray water many times by hand when you get wet, so that the water can slowly permeate the matrix. Then carefully point the seed into the hole, 1 for each hole, the seed must fall in the middle of the hole. The seeds are light-loving and do not need to be covered with soil after sowing. Outdoor sowing is usually carried out from March to April, while sowing in greenhouse is usually carried out in spring, summer and autumn.

(5) watering: spray water in time after sowing until water seeps from the bottom of the hole plate. In the early stage of sowing, the soil moisture can be higher to ensure the need for seed water absorption and expansion, but not too much water in the later stage, and the soil can be moist.

(6) sprouting: after the acupoint disk is moved into the greenhouse, the greenhouse should be properly shaded and keep the room in a state of high temperature and humidity. Under the condition of 21 ℃ ~ 24 ℃, it germinated in 10 to 14 days, and the buds could be moved out of the greenhouse when the buds were exposed.

(7) Transplantation: when the seedlings grow to the stage of 2-4 leaves, they need to be transplanted once. During transplantation, the seedlings were dug up from the roots and transplanted into a shallow basin with a density that the leaves did not touch each other. When the seedlings grew to 6-8 leaves, they were transplanted into a small basin of caliber 10cm, and 2-4 leaves were kept for coring. When the seedling is bigger in July, change the basin again, and a small amount of bean cake should be added to the bottom of the basin as base fertilizer.

The method of raising seedlings by cuttage in burrow dish

(1) cuttings: twigs with no diseases and insect pests, moderate maturity and exuberant vitality should be selected. At the 1~0.5cm above the leaf bud, the incision is tilted to the bud, and a branch with 2 or more axillary buds, about 5~7cm long, is cut as cuttings with a sharp knife (shears).

(2) Acupoint disk: the acupoint disk with long 54cm, wide 28cm, high 5cm, aperture 3cm or 2cm and deep 5cm can be selected.

(3) Matrix: choose loose and permeable substrates, such as peat and perlite (3 ∶ 1), rotten leaf soil and sawdust (1 ∶ 1) or peat and garden soil (1 ∶ 1).

(4) Cuttage: the cuttage in greenhouse can be carried out from March to October, and more than from April to September in the open field. The density of cutting is that the leaves do not cover each other and does not affect photosynthesis, and the cutting depth is 2cm, which should not be too deep, so as not to affect rooting. After insertion, the acupoint disk is placed under the shade net with a shading rate of 70%, the temperature is 25 ℃ ~ 32 ℃, and there is a breeze.

(5) watering: after cutting, determine the time and times of watering according to the weather conditions, spray water to the surface of the substrate every 2 hours in sunny days, spray less or not in cloudy or rainy days, and keep the air humidity at about 90%. Pay attention to the phenomenon of stagnant water in the matrix. After cutting about 10 days to grow new roots, gradually reduce the number of spraying, half a month later transplant or colonization, enter the normal management.

Cultivation and management

The leaves of colourful leaf grass under water management are large and thin, and if the soil is too dry, the leaf color is easy to fade, so attention should be paid to watering and foliar spraying during the growth period, especially in the summer high temperature period, it is appropriate to combine watering with foliar spraying to improve air humidity. However, the basin soil should not be too wet, otherwise the plant is prone to overgrowth, resulting in too long stem nodes and affecting the plant shape. Long-term stagnant water is also easy to cause root rot and leaf shedding. In winter, watering should be controlled and the temperature should be maintained at 15 ℃ to ensure suitable dry and wet conditions.

Fertilizer management colorful leaf grass like fertilizer, after each heart should be applied once cake fertilizer or human manure. The application of thin phosphorus and potassium fertilizer twice during the growing period can promote the short Internode, dense branches, hard stem and bright leaf color. Do not apply too much nitrogen fertilizer, otherwise it will easily lead to dim leaves.

Light management color leaf grass is a light-loving plant, the leaf color is more bright in the whole day, so it is generally not shaded, but in high temperature in summer, direct sunlight should be avoided, high temperature and strong light will destroy the pigment, cause chlorophyll to increase, and cause the plant color to be not bright, or even green. affect ornamental, so summer high temperature should be appropriate shade, while other seasons can not shade, because dim light will make the leaf color dark.

Under temperature management, the cold tolerance of colourleaf grass was not strong, and the suitable temperature for growth was 20 ℃ ~ 25 ℃. The growth is slow in winter, and the overwintering temperature is above 15 ℃. When the winter temperature is lower than 10 ℃, the leaves turn yellow and fall off, and the growth stops. If the temperature in winter is lower than 5 ℃ for a long time, the aboveground stems and leaves will show water stains, and the plants will die in severe cases.

In order to cultivate plump plants, pruning and shaping should be carried out to promote the growth of lateral branches. If you want to grow into a tree-like plant, you don't have to pick the heart. After the inflorescence appears, if the seed is not collected, it should be picked in time, so as not to consume nutrition and affect the plant shape. For the mother plant, it is necessary to reduce the number of heart picking and let it complete the flowering and fruiting process before the beginning of winter.

How to raise colourful leaf grass? Guide for aquaculture and maintenance of Colored Leaf Grass

Colorful leaf grass, also known as brocade perilla, colorful perilla, perilla and so on. Belongs to the genus Coleophora of Labiatae. It is deeply loved by flower friends because of its high ornamental value. So how to raise colourful leaf grass? The following editor will introduce to you the hydroponic culture method and maintenance guide of colourful leaf grass.

1. Growth characteristics

Coloured leaf grass is perennial evergreen herbs with persistent roots. It is often cultivated in 2012. The plant height is 30-90cm, the whole plant is pilose. Stems square, few branched. Leaves opposite, oval rhomboid, tip, edge with teeth; leaf color has yellow, green, red, purple and other colors, multi-color mosaic into a beautiful pattern, hence the name "colorful leaf grass". Panicle, florets lip-shaped, light blue, lavender or milky white. The flowering period is summer and autumn. The leaves of colored leaf grass are colorful, delicate and changeable. The floret is lip-shaped, light blue-purple or whitish, suitable for viewing leaves and flowers.

2. Hydroponic culture method

(1) the cutting container can be a jar, or the upper part can be cut off with a mineral water bottle, and the lower part can be filled with water. The container must be clean and the water quality must be clean.

(2) when the main branch or the side branch passing through the coring has about 4 nodes or long 10cm, select the thick stem, leaving only 1-2 nodes of opposite leaves at the base, cut off the upper part, the cut should be smooth, there is no wound of extrusion and tear. Then, cut off the lowermost pair of leaves of the branch, concentrate every 3-5 cuttings, neat the base, and cut them in water with white thread.

(3) generally speaking, it is best for branches to enter water from the mouth of the bottle with 3-4cm. After that, put it in the place of scattered light, pay attention to changing the clear water every 2-3 days, and pay attention to make up for the falling water level due to evaporation in the bottle every day. Generally, under the condition of 18-25 ℃, the white root can be seen in 10 days.

(4) after rooting, the foliage type nutrient solution can be added, the concentration is 1 stroke 3 of the standard concentration, and the concentration of the nutrient solution can be gradually increased to the standard concentration every 5-7 days. As shown in the picture, it is a water-cultured colored leaf grass.

3. Maintenance guidelines

(1) temperature and light

The suitable temperature for the growth of colourleaf grass is 15-25 ℃, and the safe overwintering temperature is 10 ℃. If it is lower than 5 ℃, freezing injury will occur. Colourful leaf grass likes plenty of sunshine, it only needs a little shade when it is hot in summer, and enough sunlight can make the color of the tablet more bright.

(2) changing water

The water was changed every 2-3 days before rooting and 7-10 after rooting. Change the water once a day. And pay attention to replenish the water lost due to evaporation.

(3) fertilization

Add nutrient solution when changing water, and spray water to the plant frequently when the air is dry to keep the air and the plant moist.

(4) Disease and pest control

Hydroponic colored leaf grass is easy to be disturbed by scale insects, red spiders, whitefly and other pests. In the process of maintenance, it is necessary to observe whether the plants are attacked by insect pests and kill them manually in time.

4. How to keep the plant shape graceful?

In the seedling stage of colourful leaf grass, you can start to pick the heart according to the plant shape you want. If you want a tufted and rich cylinder, you need to pick the heart of the trunk of the seedling; if you want a straight and upward cone, you don't need to pick the heart of the trunk, but pick the side branches many times; if you don't need to sow and propagate, you should pick the inflorescence in time so as not to affect the ornamental character of the plant.

The above is the hydroponic culture method and maintenance guide of colored leaf grass arranged by Huinong net Xiaobian. Have you learned it all?