How to cultivate bonsai elm? Cultivation techniques of bonsai pumpkin elm

Bonsai is the best choice for courtyard decoration. according to the editor, many tree species can make bonsai, among which elm is very suitable for bonsai in the garden. Today, the editor will share with you the cultivation skills of bonsai elm.

Ulmus pumila belongs to Ulmaceae, Ulmus, deciduous trees, alias: Ulmus pumila. It is native to China and is cultivated in most parts of our country. Nut elm has graceful shape, chic posture, mottled and elegant bark, drooping twigs, red autumn leaves, strong resistance to toxic gas and dust, and can be planted as street trees, mines, factory greening trees or isolated or clustered planting in the courtyard, or bonsai planting. Hammer elm tree is hard, straight-textured, water-resistant and can be used for industrial use. Roots, bark and tender leaves have the effects of dredging collaterals and relieving pain, clearing heat and diuresis, detoxification and detumescence, cooling blood and hemostasis, etc., mainly for the treatment of low back pain, toothache, adverse urination, ulcers, breast carbuncle, water-fire scald, dysentery, gastrointestinal bleeding, urine blood, hemorrhoids, traumatic bleeding and other diseases.

Hammer elm up to 25 meters high, breast diameter up to 1 meter; the crown is broad and round, the base of the trunk sometimes shows plate-like roots, bark gray or gray-brown, split into irregular scaly flakes peeling off, revealing reddish-brown endothelium. The leaves are thick, lanceolate-ovate or narrowly elliptic, sparsely ovate or Obovate, Cymes, upper cup-shaped perianth, lower tubular; Samara oval or ovate-elliptic, flowering and fruiting period from August to October. The elm likes light, likes warm climate, is slightly resistant to cold, drought, moisture and pruning, and is not strict with soil, but it is most suitable for growing in neutral soil with fertile soil and good drainage.

Cultivation techniques of Ulmus pumila

(1) Seedling raising techniques: sowing and raising seedlings, collecting mature seeds in time, spreading out and drying, removing sundries from poplars, bagging and dry storage. Sowing in March of the following year, sowing with sowing method, covering fine soil after sowing, and then covered with straw, sprouting and uncovering the grass in time and suitable seedlings. Meter high 20 cm can be transplanted out of the nursery or pot.

To raise seedlings by cutting, the 2-year-old branches on the robust mother plant were selected and cut into 7cm to 8cm as cuttings, and the substrate with good drainage and permeability was selected to cut according to the row spacing of 4 × 8cm, the depth was 3 × 8cm of the cuttings, and water was sprayed after cutting. keep the air humidity at about 85%, fertilize properly after the cuttings survive, and transplant after stable growth.

(2) cultivation techniques: the neutral soil with fertile soil and good drainage was selected for planting, and the row spacing was determined according to the needs. Potted soil is mixed with garden soil, rotten leaf soil and fine sand, which can be planted in purple sand pot. pot modeling can be carried out by the combination of pruning and climbing, and brown wire or metal wire can be used for climbing. As the branches of hammer elm grow faster, they should be removed in time to avoid trapping and affecting their appearance. During the growth period, new branches can be cut off to promote branches and twist the branches. Rarefied liquid fertilizer is applied every half month during the growing period. Pruning in time to control its overgrowth, so as not to disturb the tree shape. Potted plants need to be turned every 2 years.

Bonsai is a good ornamental plant, while Ulmus pumila is a good bonsai tree species, and the cultivation method is simple, the survival rate is high, and easy to manage. These are the simple cultivation methods of bonsai pumpkin elm.

Six questions on the production of bonsai of hammer elm

Six questions on the production of bonsai of hammer elm

Ulmus pumila, alias elm, lobular elm, peeling elm, chicken tumor, iron branch tree and so on, Ulmaceae elm is an important bonsai wood in the north and south of our country. The common cultivars are: split leaf elm, big fruit elm, red fruit elm, long sequence elm, Langmu elm, drunken elm. Ulmus pumila, Ulmus pumila and Ulmus pumila are endangered plants, which have been listed in the list of rare and Endangered plants in China.

Nut elm is a deciduous tree, which is suitable for subtropics, with erect trunk, open branches, oval leaves and serrated edges. The first leaves bloom from March to April, and the flowers are purple-brown and clustered on annual branches. The fruit period is from April to May, and the fruit is nearly spherical and yellow-white when ripe. To reproduce with sowing.

Ulmus pumila is a positive tree species with developed root system, strong sprouting ability, slightly resistant to drought, cold, heat, moisture, salt and alkali, thin tumor, pruning, shade, warm climate and humid, fertile and draining soil.

Hammer elm is an ordinary tree, which can be found in the mountains and fields all over the world. The appearance of nut elm is elegant, the leaves are small and green, elegant and unrestrained, full of vitality, clear hierarchy, dense, intertwined, hanging roots and claws. Regardless of the size of the pile head are solemn Athens, majestic. In particular, the ancient pile head is a beautiful cave, vigorous and simple, Qiu qu strange, old age. The branches are unrestrained, tall and straight, with the feeling of ancient trees in every spring.

The author believes that the reason why the elm is favored by people, relatively speaking: one is easy to draw materials, the second is rapid growth, the third is extensive management, the fourth is ornamental with or without leaves, and the fifth is not expensive. However, whether it can be made and maintained well, the author thinks that we should pay attention to solve the following six problems:

How to solve the problem of pulp running of Lang elm bonsai

Finch plum is afraid of "shrinking branches" and hammer elm is afraid of "running pulp". Therefore, most colleagues who cultivate hammer elm will carefully deal with the problems of digging, sawing, chiseling wounds and cross-section "running in the face of water". The solution to "slurry running" is generally air-drying, plant ash, mud, latex, hot beeswax, erythromycin ointment, etc., and pay attention to do not immediately pour "root water" when planting, wait 2-3 days before watering. As long as we can put an end to "pulp running" and pose no threat to the survival of the elm, we can get twice the result with half the effort.

How to solve the problem of inadequate branches and stems of Lang Elm Bonsai

"the taste of the elm is excellent, and the poor branches hinder the viewing." Although this problem is not fatal, it spoils the scenery, affects the viewing, and is not perfect. For this reason, the author has also imitated the position selection "hammering method" many times, but it is difficult to work, so I have to pull the nearby branches and take bends to make up for the missing parts. In fact, the lack of branches is not only a problem of nut elm bonsai, but also a common problem of all tree stumps.

How to solve the problem of stripping and changing brocade with Lang elm bonsai

The best viewing period for elm bonsai should be lost. For this reason, the author has pruned the elm again several times about 2 months before the exhibition or festivities, removed all the leaves and urged it to show the best viewing period again. There are three ways to remove leaves: first, cut off leaves with flower scissors; second, put the plant in a corner of the hall, causing leaves to fall off naturally; third, "buckle water" for 5 to 7 days, resulting in short-term interruption of water supply and forcing leaves to fall off. The first method is time-consuming, labor-consuming and energy-consuming, but it is safe and reliable. the second and third methods are forced to shed leaves on their own, but they must master the "heat" well, otherwise it will affect the normal growth of the plant.

How to solve the problem of Water and Fertilizer Management of Lang Elm Bonsai

Watering should be dry and wet, dry and thoroughly. Too much watering, the root is too wet, affecting the root respiration, resulting in the death of rotten roots. Too little watering, the basin soil dried up, the plant growth stagnant. If the water is cut off for a long time, the plant will dry up. Spray less water to the leaves to prevent the leaves from being too large and the new branches grow too long, affecting the ornamental. In the heat of summer, sprinkle water on the ground to increase the humidity of the air.

To facilitate plant growth. Usually watering should be "six look": look at the soil watering, do not water, water thoroughly; look at the tree watering, the tree is mostly watered, the tree is small and less; look at the basin watering, the basin is small and much, the basin is large (deep) less; look at the weather watering, the weather is sunny and much, the sky is cloudy and less, the rain is not watered; look at the plant growth condition, the growth is more watered, the growth is weak and less; look at the position of the bonsai, watering more in the sunny place and less in the shady place. In short, watering avoid stereotyped, avoid "too often".

Nut elm avoid big fertilizer, usually to master the frequent application of thin fertilizer, avoid the application of "thick fertilizer", avoid the application of unrotten organic fertilizer. The growing period of Ulmus pumila is from April to October every year, you can choose sunny (cloudy) evening, apply thin cake fertilizer or "compound fertilizer" liquid once or twice a month (no fertilization in plum rain season and hot summer days). It is best to apply one more phosphate fertilizer-bone meal before the Beginning of Winter to enhance the cold resistance of the plant. Fertilization should be mastered: old tree pile less fertilizer, strong pile more fertilizer; shaped pile less fertilizer, culture pile more fertilizer; growing vigorous pile more fertilizer, growing weak pile less fertilizer. No fertilizer is applied during dormancy. In short, avoid applying "thick fertilizer" to prevent "fertilizer harm".

How to solve the problem of potted soil and turning basin of Lang elm bonsai

Nut elm is resistant to hemorrhoids and is not strict with soil. Self-made basin soil, generally can take ordinary soil (mountain mud or pond mud), freshwater sand (coarse sand) 40% each, coal slag (sterilization breathable) or saw wood chaff (loose) 20%, plus some dry poultry manure or compound fertilizer, mixed to form culture soil. In the use time, the soil can be sprayed and stirred (kneading can form a ball, falling to the ground can be dispersed), fill the root of elm and compaction, wait for 2-3 days and then pour "fixed root water", so as not to endanger the survival of the root wound.

Ulmus pumila has strong vitality and fast growth, so the basin should be turned every 2 years or so, and the best time is before spring sprouting. When turning the basin, it is necessary to cut off the rotten root, withered root and part of the old root and long root, remove the 1ther, 3pm and 2ratoon soil, and fill it with fertile, loose and well-drained new culture soil.

How to solve the problem of Prevention and Control of Diseases and insect pests in Lang Elm Bonsai

The common pests of hammer elm bonsai are aphids, red spiders, elm clams, etc., which can be sprayed with 2000 times of 30% Shongwang EC, and the effect is very good. The larvae of "longicorn beetles" (longicorn beetles) lurk in the wormhole, first stab it with wire into the hole, then soak it with cotton balls and plug the hole with malathion, and coat it with yellow mud. The formed longicorn beetles can be hunted and killed manually. If root rot is found (showing that the leaves fall off and the branches die), turn the basin and change the soil in time, cut off the corrupted roots and branches, apply 1000 times liquid carbendazim, and then put on the basin after the liquid is dry.

Knowledge of bonsai production, cultivation and maintenance of elm pine

Elm trees are distributed all over China, generally transplanting in the dormant period in winter and spring, especially in February and March before sprouting.

Elm is a deciduous tree of Ulmaceae and Ulmus, with gray or grayish brown trunk, oval to oblong leaves and irregular single serrated edges. There are many varieties, suitable for the production of bonsai, such as hammer elm, red elm and other varieties with small and dense leaves and dry roots.

Elm trees are distributed all over China, generally transplanting in the dormant period in winter and spring, especially in February and March before sprouting. The branches and roots should be trimmed before planting, and the viscous sap will often flow out from the wound. If the sap exudates too much, it will seriously affect the survival rate. You can also apply a layer of erythromycin ointment on the cut with wax, paint, etc., and then sprinkle with fine sand to prevent sap outflow, but you must not soak it with water, otherwise it will aggravate the loss of sap and cause the root to rett. The plant died. After planting, the soil is compacted, but it is not necessary to water it. Spray clean water on the trunk once or twice a day, and water once after 2 to 3 days. In the future, the plants will be maintained in a ventilated and transparent place, so that they will not be dry or watered, and water accumulation in the soil is strictly prohibited.

The shape of elm bonsai can be either in the growing period or in the dormant period, but it is necessary to avoid the budding period so as not to lose too much sap and affect the plant growth. Its form can be processed into straight dry type, curved dry type, oblique dry type, dry type, water-facing type, cliff type, jungle type and other different forms of bonsai according to the basic shape of the stump. The crown can not only be natural, but also can be shaped by a big tree with a dome, and can be processed into a regular disc shape. The modeling method is to tie and cut at the same time, first using wire to tie out the basic shape, and then fine pruning.

After survival, elm trees have strong habits and extensive management. The bonsai can be maintained in a place with sufficient light and good ventilation to keep the basin soil moist without stagnant water. when the summer air is dry, a little water should be sprayed to the plant to increase the air humidity and make the leaf color fresh. Apply mature rarefied liquid fertilizer every 20 days or so. Elm bonsai has strong germination and fast growth, so it should be pruned frequently, which not only keeps the tree shape graceful, but also increases the light transmittance of the plant. The best viewing period of elm bonsai is when the new leaves are just growing, if all the old leaves are removed in the first and middle of August, and then the management of water and fertilizer will be strengthened, the new leaves as green as spring will grow again in the middle and late September, which will greatly improve the ornamental value. In winter, the pot can be buried in the outdoor shelter to the sun or moved to the cold room to overwinter, the temperature should not be too high, otherwise the plant can not be fully dormant, affecting the growth of the coming year. When the basin is turned in early spring every 1 to 2 years, it can be planted in sandy soil rich in humus, loose and breathable, and well drained.