Cultivation techniques of pot propagation and pest control of Cymbidium

The flower language of gentleman orchid is "gentle and courteous", but also has the meaning of fortitude and unyielding. Many people will breed magnolia, the most common method of magnolia cultivation in the family is potted plants, so what should be paid attention to in the process of potted orchids? The following detailed introduction about the gentleman orchid will bring you a deep understanding of the gentleman orchid.

1. Biological characteristics

Gentleman orchid is a perennial herbaceous flower, not cold-resistant, but also avoid high temperature and heat, like semi-overcast and humid environment, afraid of both cold and heat. The adaptive temperature for growth is 15 ~ 25 ℃, and the florescence should be controlled at 15 ~ 20 ℃. When the temperature is below 10 ℃, the growth and development of the plant is slow, and the winter temperature can not be lower than 5 ℃. When the temperature is below 5 ℃, the growth and development is inhibited. When the temperature is below 0 ℃, the leaves are frostbitten slightly, and the heavy ones die of the whole plant. When the temperature exceeds 30 ℃, it will force dormancy and lead to short flowering period and light color. Ventilation and cooling should be carried out, otherwise the plants will grow too long and the leaves will be slender and thin. The gentleman orchid requires that the air humidity is 60% ~ 80%, so that the leaves are dark green and neatly arranged in short width; when the humidity is less than 60%, the tender leaves become light, yellow and even wilt, serious until the whole plant wilts and die; the humidity is more than 90%. The stems and leaves grow only; the water content is 20% ~ 40%, and the roots are easy to rot if the soil water content is too large. Loam requires loose, fertile, well-drained, humus-rich slightly acidic sandy soil, and likes ventilated and deep, fertile and loose saprophytic soil. The root of Cymbidium is a stout and well-developed fleshy fibrous root, the leaves are dark green and broad, leathery, the base of the leaves form pseudobulbs, and the leaves are in the shape of a sword and entire. Scape extracted from the foliage, in a semicircular or oblate umbrella-shaped arrangement, flower funnel-shaped. The flowering period is mainly in spring and summer, and the berries are globular, with one to more seeds in each fruit, and the fruit ripening period is about 10 months.

two。 Reproduction method

The propagation of Magnolia in the north is mainly ramet propagation, and the sowing reproduction is common in the south where the conditions are close to the climate of the origin. Take out the mother plant that can be ramified from the basin, remove the persistent soil and the dry root system, separate the joint of the foot bud and the mother plant with tools or manual work, and then spread some plant ash on the wound to dry the liquid to prevent decay, dry for a few hours, and then plant in the pot. Ramet propagation is the most widely used, which can be carried out all the year round, when the temperature can be stabilized at about 20 ℃, and the plant heredity is the most stable.

3. Cultivation and management

3.1 fertilization

The main fertilizers needed for the orchid are nitrogen fertilizer (rotten bean cake, peanut cake, peanut, sesame, sesame oil residue, castor seed, etc.), phosphate fertilizer (fermented rice paste, bone meal, fish arch, etc.) and potassium fertilizer (charcoal, rice straw, straw ash, rice husk ash, etc.). In accordance with the principle of "thin fertilizer and diligent application", the fertilization of gentleman orchid is mainly organic fertilizer, properly combined with inorganic fertilizer, the fertilizer can not directly touch the root, so as not to burn the root. If we grasp the amount of fertilizer application according to the growth characteristics, we can fertilize more rapidly in spring and autumn, and less or stop fertilizing in summer and winter. At the same time, to observe the effect of fertilization, if the new leaves appear spots and roots turn yellow in winter, it shows that there is too much fertilization, while the narrow, thin and light color of the new leaves is the manifestation of lack of fertilizer.

3.2 watering

Cymbidium likes to be moist and can not be short of water during the whole plant growth period. it has well-developed fleshy roots and a certain amount of water is stored in the roots, so this kind of flower also has a certain degree of drought tolerance. The amount and times of watering should be controlled according to its growth cycle and season, and watering should follow the principle of "dry and wet, no dry, no watering, dry, thoroughly and no leakage". In the case of high temperature and dry air in summer, there should not be a serious shortage of water, otherwise it is easy to cause the basin soil to be too dry, make the leaves yellow, damage the roots of flowers, lead to the germination of new leaves, not only affect flowering, but even cause plant death. It is appropriate to spray foliar and surrounding soil with water every morning or evening in summer to keep the environment cool. Too much watering will cause rotten roots and lead to the occurrence of diseases and insect pests, so keep the basin soil moist in spring and autumn and slightly dry in winter. During the period of pulling arrows, the leaves can not be watered to avoid the occurrence of rotten arrows. Reduce the amount of water properly after flowering, and be careful not to splash water on the flowers to avoid petal decay and shorter flower life.

3.3 Lighting

Magnolia is a semi-positive, shade-loving flower, likes scattered light, does not require long light time, and grows poorly under strong and weak light conditions. From November to February of the following year, there can be no shading, and from March to October, shading can be chosen according to the light intensity. Place maintenance in a ventilated and shaded place in summer. When exposed to the hot sun, you will get sunburn and inhibit growth. Spring and autumn should cover the strong light at noon, put it indoors in the sunny place in winter, the sun shines for as long as possible, and the weak light and scattered light can prolong the flowering period of the Spring Festival. The orchid has phototaxis. In order to make the orchid beautiful and neat, the plant type should look sideways at a line, face squarely like a fan, and often turn the flowerpot with the change of the position of the sun. There are two ways to arrange the flowerpot in the room: one is to make the leaf parallel to the sunny window, the other is to make the leaf perpendicular to the sunny window, and the effect of the latter is better than that of the former. If the leaves are twisted and crooked, light reshaping should be taken mainly, and artificial mechanical plastic surgery should be assisted.

3.4 selecting and changing pots

In the process of growth, the original pot can not adapt to the further extension of its root system, and the pot used in cultivation should be gradually increased with the plant growth, such as the nutrients in the original soil have been completely absorbed, and the pot needs to be changed. The pottery pot has good air permeability and good cultivation effect. When changing the pot, the diameter of the flowerpot should be similar to the unfolding length of the leaves of Cymbidium, and then the plant depth should be suitable when planted in the flowerpot. When changing the basin, the old, residual and dead roots should be removed, pay attention to protect the root tip from damage, and artificially stretch the root group when planting. Changing pots is carried out in spring and autumn.

3.5 temperature control

The suitable temperature for the growth of Cymbidium is 15 ~ 20 ℃. Too high or too low temperature has a great effect on Cymbidium. When the temperature was higher than 30 ℃, the leaves were thin and slender, and the leaves became shallow, yellow and even wilted. The lowest critical temperature is 0 ℃. If the temperature is below zero, freezing injury may occur and the leaf tip will turn yellow, so temperature management is a very important link in the management of Cymbidium. In summer and winter, the magnolia should take measures to cool down, prevent cold and frost. To control the room temperature in winter, you can increase the temperature through heating equipment such as heating and air heaters. If the temperature does not meet the requirements, you can put the flowerpot on the radiator with a wooden board, otherwise the growth and development of the orchid will be restrained, and even the leaves will be frostbitten. The leaves will be yellowing or "arrow entrapment" phenomenon. It not only affects the ornamental effect, but also is not conducive to the growth and development of Cymbidium. If there is an "arrow clip" phenomenon, it is necessary to increase the indoor temperature. The regulation of the greenhouse in summer can not only reduce the temperature by opening windows, but also spray water on the field and leaves around the potted flowers to reduce the temperature and increase the humidity. In the "arrow drawing" stage, the temperature is higher, and the flowering temperature is about 15 ℃ to prevent the phenomenon of "entrapment". The best temperature difference between day and night is about 8 ℃, which is conducive to running arrows, otherwise the arrows will blossom if they do not reach the appropriate height, and it is easy to form "entrapment arrows".

3.6 Leaf maintenance

Cymbidium is a kind of flower that can be viewed with flowers, leaves and fruits. For Cymbidium grandiflorum, it has the characteristic of "watching leaves is better than flowers". Therefore, attention should be paid to the maintenance of the leaf surface to improve its ornamental quality. Leaf brightness is one of the main indexes. How to make leaf brightness is related to the following factors: (1) to ensure that the root system is developed and not rot, fertilization should be appropriate and reasonable, and the proportion of phosphorus fertilizer and potassium fertilizer in nutritious soil should be carried out scientifically. (2) maintain humidity, pay attention to the wettability of the leaf surface, spray water to the leaf surface every day, preferably fog water potential. In the high humid season in summer, it is sprayed once a day in the morning and once in the evening, in order to reduce the evaporation of water in the leaves. In order to prevent the leaves from growing and elongating in the high temperature climate, water spraying is used to reduce the evaporation of water inside the leaves, reduce the leaf temperature and protect the leaves. (3) there should be enough light, and it is recommended that the light time should not be less than 8 hours in spring and autumn, avoid the destruction of chlorophyll caused by strong light in summer, and increase light as much as possible in winter. Pay attention to the angle between the plant and the sun during daylighting to avoid random tilting of leaves. If the leaves are deformed by daylighting, archery, flowering or fruit-setting, they need to be reshaped in time. (4) observe the situation of the leaf surface, determine whether the plant has occurred diseases and insect pests, adopt corresponding treatment measures, and rescue in time. The leaf surface of Cymbidium is less than 4 in width ratio, the leaf tip is round and blunt, and the leaf vein is obviously the best ornamental state.

4. Common problems and pest control

4.1 rotting root

The common causes of root rot are: (1) long-term and massive watering in high temperature environment, which leads to rotting root; (2) excessive use of fertilizer, which leads to root burn and root rot; (3) basin soil does not change for a long time, and the soil is hardened and impervious; root respiration is blocked, which leads to root rot; (4) long-term lack of water leads to root wilting and excessive watering leads to root rot. (5) the immature leaves and other organic fertilizers in the raw soil should be fermented in the basin to produce heat and burn the roots or soil improperly. When the root rot occurs, the main symptoms of Cymbidium are that the leaves become soft and yellow, and the leaves are immersed in water. Corresponding measures should be taken: (1) remove the rotten root from the basin; (2) wash the root with potassium permanganate, disinfect and sterilize, or smear the wound with purple potion, charcoal ash, straw ash and so on; (3) replace the new soil and control the amount of water and fertilize at the same time.

4.2 clip Arrow

The arrow clip shows that the development of the flower stem is too short to open beyond the leaves. It is usually caused by low temperature or improper watering and insufficient fertilization. The suitable temperature for the arrow drawing of Cymbidium is about 20 ℃. If the temperature of the flowering stem is lower than 15 ℃, the growth potential of the flowering stem will be weakened. When the orchid reached the reproductive growth period, the amount of fertilizer needed increased, during this period, fertilizer and water were inappropriate, resulting in poor growth of flower stems in the case of lack of water and fertilizer. The way to prevent the trap of arrows is to raise the soil temperature to about 20 ℃ during the arrow-drawing period and change the soil and basin in time. The water demand of Cymbidium is higher than that of other periods, so it should be watered more, but the soil should not be too wet, and the soil water content should be 30%. When watering, do not pour water between the two rows of leaves, enter the reproductive growth period to increase the number of fertilization, increase the application of liquid fertilizer.

4.3 sunburn

Magnolia is easy to grow under scattered light, and exposure to sunlight in summer will kill leaf cells and cause sunburn. Therefore, it is appropriate to put it in a shaded, moist and ventilated place outdoors. Avoid direct sunlight indoors.

4.4 Infertility

The main reason for not blooming is related to the light time. The light time of orchid in the origin is less than 13 hours, while that of indoor cultivation is much more than 13 hours because of normal light and lighting and other factors. To prevent the orchid from blooming, the light time should be controlled at about 13 hours. The phenomenon of flowering without fruit is mainly pollination. The pistil stigma of Magnolia is higher than the anther of stamens. If the flowering season is indoor in winter and spring and there is no insect pollination, artificial pollination is needed to help fruiting [Yoshanhua Yao].

4.5 Diseases

The common diseases of Cymbidium are soft rot, leaf spot and anthracnose. Prevention and control methods: (1) strengthen environmental hygiene and maintenance, change soil in time, pay attention to soil disinfection, wash fleshy roots with clean water during soil change, and then put them on the basin after drying; (2) pay attention to ventilation and light transmission to avoid inadequate fermentation of nutritious soil and fertilizer, unsatisfactory soil disinfection and mechanical damage. (3) optional spraying agents before or at the initial stage of the disease: 500-700 times of 50% anthrax Fumei wettable powder, or 600-800 times of 75% chlorothalonil wettable powder; (4) pay attention to fertilizer and water management, improve growth potential and enhance disease resistance.

4.6 insect pests

There are not many kinds of common pests in Cymbidium, mainly scale insects, snails and earthworms. When a small amount occurs, you can use a soft brush, rags or bamboo pieces to gently remove and wipe off with cloth dipped in kerosene, and then rinse with clean water. 3-5 times Baumedushi sulfur mixture can be sprayed once before germination, and 80% dichlorvos emulsion can be sprayed with 1 000 times of dichlorvos emulsion in nymph stage. For earthworms, 50% dichlorvos emulsion dilution can be used.

The above is about potted magnolia reproduction and pest control cultivation techniques introduced, the above content does not help you to understand Magnolia, whether it is raised in the pot or on the ground, the care of it must not be less.

Culture methods and pest control of Cymbidium

Smiling gentleman orchid with dark green leaves and elegant posture, it is a potted flower plant that decorates hotels and beautifies the home environment. Then how to raise the magnolia? Next, learn about the breeding method of Xiuxiao gentleman orchid.

First, the culture method of laughing gentleman orchid

1. Potted soil: when potted, choose sand and peat or sand and rotten leaf soil. The basin of the adult seedling should be changed every 2 ~ 3 years, and the size of the basin is determined according to the seedling. Change the soil when changing the basin, and retting at the same time with cake fertilizer, barnyard manure, etc., in order to promote the rapid growth of Magnolia.

2. Watering: the gentleman orchid likes the warm and humid environment, its fleshy roots are well developed and has a certain ability to withstand drought, but it is afraid of waterlogging, and it is best to keep the relative humidity of the soil at 80%-90%, not less than 60%. Wash the leaf surface with tea water every week to make the leaf surface fresh and bright. In short, the four seasons as long as the spring bogey wind, summer sunscreen, autumn rain, winter is not dry to maintain exuberant plant growth, luxuriant flowers and leaves.

3. Temperature: the optimum temperature of Cymbidium is 1520 ℃. When the plant growth is higher than 25 ℃, the plant growth is poor, and the excessive growth of leaves often occurs, which affects the flower bud differentiation. At this time, attention should be paid to ventilation and cooling; when it is lower than 10 ℃, the growth is slow; when it is below 0 ℃, the plant will freeze to death. Attention should be paid to cooling in summer, which can promote flower bud differentiation. The temperature difference between day and night is large, which is beneficial to the growth of Cymbidium, and the suitable temperature is 6-10 ℃.

4. Fertilization: Cymbidium can be fertilized after slow seedling for 1 month, fertilized and watered once in 10-15 days, and stopped in summer. Half a month before the arrival of the two growth peaks in spring, it is appropriate to apply dried bean cakes or chicken dung in the basin, but not too close to the root, so as not to hurt the root. After autumn begins to conceive buds and blossom, it is necessary to increase the application of phosphate fertilizer to make the flowers big and colorful, and can prevent the occurrence of arrows. When applying fertilizer, do not pour it on the leaves or in the leaf sheath. If the fertilizer is not enough, the leaves are not glossy, the flowers are few and small, and there will be the phenomenon of blooming every other year. Regular topdressing is generally carried out in spring and autumn, but less in summer and winter.

5. Lighting: the leaves of Cymbidium are broad, according to a certain shade-tolerant, like semi-shade environment, the leaves of plants growing in the environment of 50% light transmittance are green and green, which can greatly improve the ornamental effect. The light will also affect the arrangement direction of the leaves of Cymbidium. On one side, the leaves that were originally arranged in a shape will be confused, resulting in a decline in ornamental effect, so we should pay attention to let the plants receive light evenly and rotate the direction of the basin regularly.

Second, the prevention and control of diseases and pests of Cymbidium.

The main diseases are soft rot, anthrax, leaf spot, white silk disease and so on.

Blight spot: the main harm to the leaves, the primary light reddish brown, oval stripe disease is obvious, the surrounding tissue turns yellow. It was found that the diseased leaves were cut off in time; appropriate potassium fertilizer was applied to avoid excessive water accumulation on the leaves; and 1000 times of carbendazim wettable powder was sprayed at the initial stage of the disease.

Root rot (soft rot): in the process of cultivation, tools and substrates should be strictly disinfected; the roots were irrigated with 400-600 μ g / L penicillin and streptomycin at the initial stage of the disease. In severe cases, remove all the rotten parts, soak the rest in potassium permanganate solution for 1 hour, then rinse with clean water and replant.

Shell insects: can be used artificial control, with bamboo sticks, small sticks, small soft brushes, etc., gently brush off the insect and soot, and then rinse with clean water. In the nymph stage, spray 40-100 times of the emulsion, spray.

Smiling gentleman orchid breeding method has been introduced, I hope it will be helpful to everyone. Breeding laughing gentleman orchid can be more careful, so that it can make the laughing gentleman orchid grow more luxuriantly.

What if the leaves of Cymbidium turn yellow? Prevention and control methods of diseases and insect pests in Cymbidium

What if the leaves of the magnolia turn yellow? Today, let's take a look at the reason why the leaves of Cymbidium turn yellow and how to deal with it.

Magnolia (scientific name: Clivia), alias Lycoris radiata, is an ornamental flower of the genus Lycoris of the family Amaryllidaceae. It is native to southern South Africa. Potted plants are often planted in greenhouses in China for viewing. Ramet or seed reproduction. Also with the same effect is C. nobilis, which is cultivated in greenhouses all over the country. Herbs perennial, with fleshy roots. Basal leaves leathery, numerous, broadly striate, leaf base showing two rows of closely embracing each other into a bulb. Spring and summer flowering, scape erect, flattened, fleshy, terminal umbel, numerous flowers, yellowish red on the outside and yellowish in the lower part of the inner surface. Berries are purplish red.

The yellowing of orchid leaves often occurs in summer, and the yellowing of magnolia leaves greatly affects the ornamental value. If your magnolia has the same symptoms, then take a quick look at the following reasons and ways to deal with them.

The whole leaf turned yellow.

In this case, the sun is so strong that it burns the gentleman orchid. The response is to cut off the yellowed leaves and shade them. After a period of time, the yellowing of Cymbidium leaves will be reduced.

It turns yellow from the end of the leaf.

This situation may be caused by the soil where the orchid is too raw or too fat, which should be dealt with according to the actual situation.

Individual leaves turn yellow.

This situation is most likely caused by the failure of the gentleman's orchid's light. The corresponding measure is to supplement the light, or put it in a sunny position.

The yellow leaves of Cymbidium (including the deterioration of leaf tips) are mostly due to watering, fertilizer and improper use of soil, which first cause rotten roots, and then lead to yellow leaves; therefore, the basin should be checked, the rotten roots should be removed, the soil should be changed, and the yellow leaves should be cut off at the same time, so as to reduce the burden on the plant. The main reasons for rotting roots are:

First, in the case of poor ventilation, a large amount of water will cause rotten roots, because the water poured into the basin can not evaporate for a long time, the metabolic function of the plant will be hindered, which is bound to lead to rotting roots.

Second, excessive application of fertilizer or unfermented fertilizer, when the room temperature rises to more than 25 ℃, it will ferment in the basin to produce high temperature, thus burning the roots; third, with alkaline soil, clayey soil or unrotten horse dung soil to cultivate magnolia, some are not loose, some have poor permeability, and some will produce high temperature in the basin soil, which will also cause rotting roots. .

Ten solutions to the yellowing of the leaves of Cymbidium

1. The leaves of Cymbidium are yellow, and the middle leaves are black and rotten.

Solution: the emergence of this symptom requires the above nine methods to prescribe the right medicine to the case. While the middle small leaves blackened and rotten, we need to make a further judgment, break open the two leaves to check, if the gap between the leaves blackened out of festering juice. It can be judged that the formed gentleman orchid arrow did not have time to grow out of the leaves and rot directly in the middle of the leaves. There are many reasons for flower and arrow rot: one is that too much water is sprayed in the hands of the florist, causing sewage to flow into the crevice and lead to bacterial infection, and the other is due to careless watering that causes sewage to splash into the crevice and cause rot. Consequences: under normal circumstances will not affect the life of the orchid, but if in high temperature and humidity weather, it is very easy to cause wiping head and the whole plant rot. Treatment: toilet paper or facial Jack paper can be used to absorb rotten juice, use appropriate methods to remove dirt that can be cleaned, and usually keep the environment relatively dry, it is recommended to use basin watering method.

two。 All the leaves of Magnolia turn yellow

Solution: all yellow, often the symptoms of fever, the solution: immediately shade, and cut off the yellow leaves.

3. The leaves of Cymbidium are withered and sagging.

Solution: withered or sagging leaves are symptoms of lack of water. Watering should grasp the principle of no dry, no watering, no stagnant water in the basin.

4. The leaves of Cymbidium are partially yellowed.

Solution: local yellowing, it is likely to be fire, cold wind, hot water, acid and alkali erosion. You can rule out external causes in time. Sometimes, the lack of nitrogen fertilizer may cause plants to suffer from chlorosis. The decrease of chlorophyll causes the leaves to turn yellow. In this case, fermented cake fertilizer and water can be added. (the methods of breeding vary with different seasons)

5. The solution of wrinkling and yellow spots on the leaves of Cymbidium: root burning caused by excessive fertilization. Change the soil immediately, soak the roots with 0.1% potassium permanganate solution for 20-30 minutes, rinse with clean water, remove the rotten roots after drying, spread plant ash on the wound, and replant.

6. Two outer leaves of Cymbidium turn yellow (planted for 4 years)

Solution: this is a normal new layer of metabolism, only need to prune the outer 2 leaves.

7. The leaves of Cymbidium appear grayish yellow.

Solution: the reason for the grayish yellow leaves of Cymbidium is mainly due to the strong direct sunlight and the need for shade.

8. The leaves of Cymbidium have yellowing symptoms.

Solution: due to lack of light, if the room is very dark, gentleman orchid will yellowing. Solution: replenish the light with fluorescent lamps.

9. The leaves of Cymbidium are yellow and weak.

Solution: yellow and weak leaves are lack of fertilizer. Thin fertilizer should be applied frequently; the yellowing of leaves is native and impermeable. Rotten leaf soil or pine needle soil should be replaced.

10. Rotting roots caused by yellowing of low leaves

Solution:

Materials: scissors, art knife, chlorothalonil, rooting water, nutritious water, spray bottle.

Method of operation:

①: uproot the magnolia.

②: cut off the old and rotten leaves with a beauty knife.

③: use scissors to cut off rotten roots and old roots.

④: mix the spray bottle with 3:5 water and chlorothalonil.

⑤: move the orchid back to the basin.

⑥: pour with rooting water and nutritious water.

⑦: water about twice a month for 5 months.

⑧: after 5 months, water will be watered about 4 times a month for 2 months.

⑨: return to normal watering times.

⑩: done.

Ways to prevent the leaves of Cymbidium from yellowing:

The yellow leaves of Cymbidium are mainly due to improper management. The yellow leaves of Cymbidium are caused by the following reasons:

The main results are as follows: 1. Excessive watering (yellowing of leaves caused by water): if the pots have accumulated water for too long, the leaves are easy to become infiltrative and yellowing, which occurs at the tip of the tender leaves, and the symptoms develop from top to bottom. That is, the common water yellow is caused by excessive watering, which is characterized by no obvious change in the old leaves and yellowing of the young leaves, which should be controlled immediately.

2. Lack of water (yellowing of leaves caused by drought): if you are too dry, or if you water half a section of water every time, the old leaves will be yellow. Due to water shortage and drought, it is characterized by the yellow of the old leaves from the bottom up. If the water shortage time is a little longer, the whole plant will be yellow, or even die, so it should be watered in time.

3. Hypertrophy (yellowing caused by excessive fertilization): excessive fertilization will cause root burning and yellow tip of leaves. Caused by excessive fertilization or high concentration; characterized by thick, shiny and uneven young leaves; fertilizer, ploughing and watering should be controlled

4. Element deficiency and chlorosis (iron deficiency): if iron is deficient in basin soil, the top of the leaf turns yellow first. If there is a lack of nitrogen, the new leaves are yellowish white.

5. Yellowing caused by lack of nutrients: it is caused by insufficient fertilizer, low fertilization concentration, and long fertilization interval; it is characterized by yellow young leaves and tender stems, and if it is not fertilized in time after seeing this phenomenon, it will also cause yellow leaves and even death of the whole plant; for flowers lacking fertilizer, do not apply a large amount of thick fertilizer at one time, so as not to cause root burning. Due to the great change of soil fertility conditions, the phenomenon of yellow leaves often appears in the greenhouse, which is characterized by obvious young leaves, light old leaves, yellow mesophyll, green veins and a typical network, which can be solved by using ferrous sulfate solution. the method is as follows: 7 parts of cake fertilizer, 5 parts of ferrous sulfate and 200 parts of water.

6. Sunburn: after strong direct sunlight (summer), macula occurs in the leaves, which is called sunburn. When dried at high temperature (more than 30 ℃), the leaves are also easy to yellowing.

7. Pollution: the leaves of Cymbidium should be kept clean. If splashed with dirt, the contaminated place may turn yellow.

8. Freezing injury: the freezing injury occurs when the orchid is below 0 ℃, and the symptom is still yellow leaf. In order to restore the normal growth of Cymbidium after yellow leaves, it is necessary to find out the source of the disease and take corresponding measures. The method is: dig out the whole orchid to check the root, such as the rotten root, remove the rotten part, change the new soil and re-cultivate it, and put a layer of fine sand under the root. Loose rotten leaf soil should be used in basin soil, and the pH (pH) should be neutral. The soil is not dry or wet and has good ventilation. Gentleman orchid likes weak light, except in winter, summer should be placed in a half-yin and half-yang place, avoid the direct sun. If the occurrence of "green deficiency" can add liquid fertilizer (such as black alum fertilizer water), the key point is less and more times, be careful not to splash the fertilizer or mud on the leaf, if splashed on the leaf, rinse it off with clean water in time. When applying solid fertilizer, it is better to avoid direct contact with fleshy roots.

Treatment of yellowing of leaves of Cymbidium

1. Can the yellow leaves of Cymbidium be pruned. ?

The key is to figure out why there are yellow leaves.

The general reasons for yellow leaves are:

① should be kept in a semi-shady place, and the leaves will become sunburned and turn yellow when the sun is strong.

② gentleman orchid for the fleshy root basin to keep a little damp can, too much water to hurt the root leaves will turn yellow.

The leaves of ③ are yellow when they are deficient in fertilizer, and orchids can apply dilute nitrogen fertilizer once every half a month, and do not apply fertilizer in summer to avoid root damage. The yellow leaves of the orchid can be trimmed, the scissors can be roasted on the fire and sterilized, and then the yellow leaves can be cut off, but not torn.

two。 The solution to the yellowing of Cymbidium leaves in spring:

The gentleman orchid spent the winter, and the leaves turned yellow and withered. Will you still live in spring?

Should be able, turn the basin, remove dead leaves, hollow root removal, with gentleman orchid special soil, mixed with a large piece of orchid stone, soil: blue stone = 3:2. Pour water once after turning the basin, put it in the astigmatism ventilation place to slow the seedling for 1 month, then use a week to gradually see the light, normal maintenance can be. Do not expose yourself to the sun.

3. The solution to the yellowing of Cymbidium leaves in summer:

To see if it is usually too much watering, too much easily rotten roots, rotten leaves and rotten stamens, and should be poured in the basin soil, not on the leaves, especially on the central leaves. If the basin soil is often too wet, it will cause the water to flow back, and then, as you said, it will gradually blacken and rot from the tip of the leaf, so the basin soil should be on the dry side. In addition, the temperature is higher in summer, if the temperature of its growth environment drops below 25 degrees, rarefied liquid fertilizer above 1:20 can also be applied in summer, once every semimonthly. This can promote the growth of Magnolia, so that it can shorten the dormancy period or not dormancy. There is another situation: the light is too strong. Gentleman orchid is soft and light, if the strong light, the leaves will become rough, the leaves will become yellow and dark, lose emerald green, but also easy to cause "sunburn". =

Conclusion: breeding magnolia is a thing that must be constantly summarized to find problems, to careful observation, careful care, in order to grow a gentleman orchid with ornamental value. Finally, I wish the orchid planted by your friends grow healthily.

Common diseases of Cymbidium

Disease diagnosis and treatment of Cymbidium due to unsuitable cultivation conditions, it often causes the invasion of bacteria and diseases, which will affect its ornamental value and cause plant death. Therefore, it is very necessary to diagnose the diseases of Cymbidium in early stage and take control measures in time. The main results are as follows: 1. Leaf Fusarium wilt occurs at the tip of tender leaves, and the symptoms develop from top to bottom. In severe cases, the whole leaf turns yellow and wilts. This disease is caused by root neck rot, also known as root rot, which is caused by a fungus that invades the root. It is mainly a physiological disease caused by excessive fertilization or excessive watering of the rhizosphere (root neck) and the cortex and phloem of the stem on the nearby ground. If it is hypertrophy, it is necessary to change the basin soil, under the root pad a layer of fine sand, basin soil is appropriate to use loose rotten leaf soil, pH to neutral is appropriate. If the water is large, it is necessary to control the amount of water, and remove the yellow leaves, the plant can still return to normal growth. 2, leaf spot disease: is the occurrence of small yellow spots on the leaves, the disease spot increases, the diameter can reach about 3-5 mm, round; the disease spot spread into one, the leaves will wither and yellow. Another kind is on the leaf disease spot is big, the shape is irregular, the yellow brown to the beige, has the wheel pattern slightly, the later stage disease spot back appears the black dot. The above two diseases are due to poor ventilation and parasitism of shell insects, resulting in the weakening of plant growth. The method of prevention and treatment is: smear the disease spot with 0.5% potassium permanganate solution, or spray with 1000 times solution of more than 50% carbendazim; if the disease is serious, the damaged leaves should be removed, burned, and dried with aseptic skimmed cotton at the wound. 3. Bacterial rot: bacteria invade due to mechanical damage or damage by shell worms. In order to harm the leaf sheath and leaf center, the rot should be removed, the wound should be dried with skimmed cotton, and then smeared with 0.02% streptomycin.

Rotten root treatment

When the orchid is in the ramet, the wound is not disinfected and infected by bacteria, or too much watering in the cultivation process, poor soil permeability, excessive fertilization, application of immature raw fertilizer and so on are the common causes of rotten roots. If the root of a large adult orchid is rotten, it will show that a certain leaf is dry-pointed, blackened, scorched and shedding. Find out the cause, add to overcome, and stop the continued occurrence of rotten roots. When the root is much rotten, most of the leaves will fall off, leaving only the central ligule. When it is serious, the plant is unstable, gently touch it with your hand, and shake it. When you take off the basin at this time, you can see that some of its fleshy roots are completely rotten, and some are half rotten. The rotten root leaves only a withered membranous skin, which is soft and rotten no matter how long it takes. When you find this situation, you should shake off all the soil and rinse the roots with clean water. Carefully remove the rotten roots and cut off the rotten parts with clean scissors. Then soak the root in 0.1% potassium permanganate solution for disinfection, put forward the root after 5 minutes, rinse with clean water to remove the disinfectant, dip in a small amount of sulfur powder or plant ash, put it indoors to dry the surface and then plant it in a pot again. When going up the pot, you should plant it shallowly, bury the stem plate, and the false bulb should be exposed to the soil, which is beneficial to the root. After watering once, keep it in a semi-shaded place. In the future, spray or add plastic film cover, try to make the air humidity higher, less watering. When the temperature was maintained at about 20 ℃, the growth of lobule was seen. At this time, the new root has been issued and can be transferred to normal water and fertilizer management. Young plants, the roots are rarely very delicate, such as rotten roots, soon all the roots will rot, the leaves are drooping. When these conditions occur, the plant should be removed from the pot in time, and the residue on the unrotten stem plate should be cleaned, washed, disinfected, and dried on the surface, and then inserted into the plain sandy soil according to the method of cutting. Under the environmental condition of 20-25 ℃, shading, keeping high air humidity and moist cutting soil, let it send out new roots, wait for the leaves to recover, and use rotten leaf soil to pot again in time. Several common diseases of the common virus, such as white silk disease, soft rot, anthrax and so on. When the disease occurred, the stem near the root appeared water-stained brown irregular spots and soft cortical rot, followed by white silk mycelium spreading in the rhizosphere soil surface, forming a small sclerotia in the later stage, and finally colored rapeseed shape, expanding to the whole base of rot and necrosis. Prevention and control methods: 1. Before putting on the basin, the cultivated soil should be disinfected. A relatively simple method is to put the culture soil at a temperature of 60 ℃ for 24 hours. 2, often pay attention to the soil surface, and find that the white bacteria line is picked out and burned, and some lime powder is disinfected around the disease; 3. In the early stage of the disease, 50% carbendazim wettable powder was irrigated on the base of the plant stem and the soil around the base, once a week, 2-3 times. Soft rot pathogens often invade from the wound. When the disease occurs, light yellow watery spots appear on the leaves, and then expand into regular disease spots, so that the leaves become brown soft rot ingredients, and there is an outflow of bacterial fluid from the wound. Prevention and treatment methods: 1. Once the disease is found, the diseased plant should be separated, the culture soil around the plant should be removed immediately, the diseased part should be exposed, the rotten leaves should be broken, the rotten part should be scraped off with a disinfection knife, and the sun should be irradiated properly. Keep ventilated and dry 2. If there are many rotten plants, the diseased tissue should be completely removed, soaked in 5% potassium permanganate aqueous solution for 1 hour, rinsed with clean water to dry, and smeared with plant ash at the cut. Another new pot planting, placed in the low temperature of ventilation 3, drug treatment can be penicillin or streptomycin or oxytetracycline plus 4000 murine solution spray or smear disease spots, have a certain effect. Anthrax mostly occurs in rainy, humid and muggy season, and the disease occurs at the tip and edge of the leaf. At the initial stage, the leaves appeared moist brown spots, and then expanded into an oval and the same wave of the main disease spot, surrounded by yellow, and gradually shrunk and withered in the later stage. The basin soil is too wet and excessive nitrogen fertilizer is easy to cause the disease. Prevention and control methods: 1, give flowerpots with good ventilation and lighting environment, pot soil should only be moist, should not be watered too much too dense. Increase phosphorus and potassium fertilizer and control nitrogen fertilizer. 2. When you find a sign of illness, you should immediately use 50% wettable carbendazim powder plus 800x water to make a solution, or spray with 1000 times water solution of anthrax Fumeijia, spray once in about 6 days, spray 3-5 times will be effective. [5] the common pests of Cymbidium are shell insects. When insect pests occur, shell insects often gather on the tender shoots of leaves, absorb leaf sap, secrete a large number of bacteria, turn stems and leaves into mildew and black, cause soot disease and wither leaves. This insect has strong fecundity and can occur for many generations a year. A female adult can often reproduce hundreds of them, which can cause death if no timely control measures are taken. Prevention and treatment: prevention should be given priority to. Usually, we should always pay attention to check the plant, find insect pests, control as soon as possible, in order to prevent spread. In addition to the control of shell insects, both artificial and medicine can be used at the same time. If only one or two leaf tips find pests, they can be manually scraped, sharpened with thin sticks or removed with bamboo cuttings. If there are a large number of nymphs, 25% imidophos emulsion can be sprayed without 1000 times liquid, or 40% omethoate emulsion can be sprayed with 1000-1500 times water solution. Generally, it can be killed by spraying 1-2 times. In addition, it should be noted that earthworms can also become pests of magnolia. In the young period of the orchid plant, its fleshy root is very weak. If there are earthworms in the basin soil, it will often drill everywhere, injuring the tender root, destroying the function of absorbing nutrition, stopping the growth and development of the plant or causing rotten root. The method of prevention and control is to always pay attention to whether there are round soil particles (that is, earthworm excrement) on the surface of the basin soil. If found, you can immediately irrigate it with 50% dichlorvos emulsion and 1500-2000 times water. If there are earthworms drilled after irrigation, remove them immediately; do the same again every other week, and then get rid of the earthworms.

History of cultivation of Cymbidium

In 1823, the Englishman James James Bowie discovered the laughing gentleman orchid in the Eastern Cape of South Africa and cultivated it in a private garden in Clive, Northumberland, northern England. In the 1820s, Magnolia began to be cultivated in Germany, Denmark, Belgium and other European countries, and spread to Japan in 1854. Magnolia is the city flower of Changchun City, Jilin Province, China. In 1932, Magnolia was introduced into Changchun, China from Japan, and was only cultivated in Manchukuo court and imperial garden. After Japan's defeat in 1945, magnolia flowed from the court to folk cultivation.

In recent years, China has cultivated more than 160 valuable varieties of magnolia, which are common flower varieties in common families. The florescence lasts from March to April. Sexual preference for warm and humid and semi-shady environment, not cold-resistant, loam requires good drainage, there are ramet and sowing two propagation methods. Ramets were carried out from March to April, more topdressing was applied during the growing period, hot and rainy summer, and generally did not apply fertilizer. Magnolia has a long flowering period and evergreen leaves, which is most suitable for indoor potted ornamental plants.

Main varieties

Big flower gentleman orchid Clivia miniata Regel smiles gentleman orchid Clivia nobilis Lindl. Fine leaf gentleman orchid Clivia gardenii Hook has stem gentleman orchid Clivia caulescens R.A.Dyerin gold silk gentleman orchid white flower gentleman orchid