How do chrysanthemums reproduce? Tissue Culture and Rapid Propagation of Chrysanthemum morifolium

Chrysanthemum is one of the national flowers in China, with high ornamental value and cold and proud character. It is a very popular potted flower. The editor below will share a method of rapid propagation of chrysanthemum for flower lovers.

1 establishment of aseptic vaccine

1.1 drawing materials

The tender stem, stem tip or petiole of chrysanthemum are usually used as explants in tissue culture, and the tender stems of chrysanthemum are used as explants in this paper.

1.2 Disinfection and vaccination

The tender stem of chrysanthemum with diseases and insect pests is first cleaned with detergent, which is the first step of disinfection, and then the tender stem of chrysanthemum needs to be washed many times with clean water until it is washed clean. The next step is to place the washed young stem of chrysanthemum in a sterile environment, and the experimental material needs to be disinfected with 0.1% L mercury solution. During the disinfection process, the material needs to be shaken slightly so that the material can be completely disinfected, and then washed repeatedly with aseptic water, and then dried with aseptic absorbent paper [2]. The next step is to cut the tender stem of chrysanthemum into several 2~3cm nodes with 1 or 2 leaves, and need to inoculate it on the culture medium immediately to avoid losing water in the tender stem segment.

2. Rapid propagation

2.1 start training

The tender stem of chrysanthemum was cultured on the medium of MS+6-BA1.0mg/L+NAA0.2mg/L and pH5.8, the culture temperature was 25 ±1 ℃, the light intensity was 3000mm / 40001x, and the light hours were 8h/d. When the young stem of chrysanthemum is cultured in the culture medium, the cut wound of the young stem can be healed after 2-3 weeks, not only that, but also begin to differentiate into tender stem, and then the tender stem grows into stem and leaf, and after a month of culture, the tender stem can grow to 3~5cm [3].

2.2 subculture and proliferation

The tender stems of test-tube plantlets begin to proliferate in the culture medium, and when the test-tube plantlets proliferate to a certain number, they need to be moved on the new medium. The subculture proliferation of chrysanthemum is carried out through the stem segment, so it is necessary to cut the tender stem of chrysanthemum into a stem segment with a leaf, and the stem segment is implanted into the medium of MS or MS+NAA0.2mg/L, and after 3-4 weeks of culture, its axillary buds can grow into new plantlets. This is the subculture of chrysanthemum, and if you want to get more test-tube plantlets, you need to culture repeatedly according to the above methods.

2.3 rooting and seedling refinement

Chrysanthemum has strong rooting ability. If it wants to take root, it is necessary to observe the aseptic plantlet. When it grows to 8~10cm, it is necessary to cut off the rootless tender stem of 3cm and transfer it to the medium of 1/2MS+NAA0.2mg/L. After 7 to 10 days, the rooting rate can reach 80%. After 12 days, the rooting rate of the rootless tender stem can reach 90% or even 100%. After 30-40 days of culture, it can be found that the rootless tender stem in each test tube grows about 4-5 sturdy roots, and the color of the leaves is very thick green, so it is time to start seedling refining and transplanting.

Chrysanthemum has a very good planting significance, can be used as an ornamental plant, can also pick sun-dried tea to drink, and its planting method is simple, the above is the method of rapid propagation of chrysanthemum you should not miss it.

How to cultivate Xiaoli flower? A brief discussion on the propagation, cultivation and management skills of potted Xiaoli flower

Xiaoli flower is a very beautiful flower, and the flowering period is long, if the potted plant has a very good ornamental value, the following is about potted Xiaoli flower reproduction and cultivation management skills, parents who like flowers and plants can have a look.

Propagation technique of Xiaoli Flower

The propagation method of Xiaoli flower has higher requirements for temperature. in order to ensure effective reproduction in the following year, the species of Xiaoli flower should be stored scientifically at the end of October and stored in a warm and humid environment. At present, there are mainly two methods of ball propagation and plant propagation. First of all, the bulb propagation of Xiaoli flower is to plant the bulbs or bulbs and tubers of flowers in the soil layer, these bulbs or tubers grow around them after a year, and then dig them out. Secondly, the way of ramet reproduction can be carried out in early spring, first take the mother plant out of the basin, and then disinfect it, and keep the Xiaoli in a shady place.

Sowing seedling is an important work of Xiaoli flower propagation. To propagate Xiaoli flower, it is necessary to control the amount of reproduction, the amount of soil, and the ground temperature properly to ensure that the seed germination temperature is about 25 ℃ and the seedling growth should be between 22-28 ℃. Secondly, scientific seed containers should be used to ensure the ventilation of the seedling room, and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers should be added according to different growth conditions to ensure proper topdressing at flowering stage.

Xiao Lihua management strategy

For the flowers planted in a large area, only by managing according to the growth characteristics of Xiaoli can we solve the problems in the growth of Xiaoli. Xiaoli likes fertilizer, which can shorten the fertilizer period appropriately, usually fertilizing once every 15 days, mainly applying potassium dihydrogen phosphate. At present, Xiaoli often can not control the amount of fertilizer well when applying fertilizer, and large-scale fertilization fails to fully consider the regional environment, and there is the problem that too much water leads to the perishability of the land.

The basin soil is based on garden soil and fine sand, and the drainage layer should be made at the bottom of the basin. In order to improve the effectiveness of Xiaoli flower pot cultivation, the drainage layer should be added. Usually, the pot should be changed twice when the seedling height is 20cm, and new rotten leaf soil can be added each time.

The beauty of beautiful flowers, but also affect the resistance of Xiaoli flowers to diseases and insect pests. Xiaoli should adopt the principle of "removing the weak and leaving the strong" when pruning, cutting off the lateral buds and leaving the main branches. The pruning season of Xiaoli flower should be pruned in wilting season, it can be trimmed according to the standard of keeping high 20cm, and moisture should be properly controlled during pruning.

There are powdery mildew, virus disease, brown spot disease. First, it is necessary to formulate a plan for the prevention and control of diseases and insect pests and earnestly adopt targeted prevention and control measures to comprehensively improve the effectiveness of the prevention and control of diseases and insect pests. Second, prevention should be given priority to, and prevention and control should be carried out in accordance with the methods of effective prevention and control of germs through the winter and eliminating the environment of breeding bacteria. Third, we should make effective preparations for the prevention of endemic diseases according to the changes of the local environment.

Xiaoli flowers are beautiful like chrysanthemums, which can be used for garden planting, potted plants and so on. They have very good ornamental value. You can plant them according to the cultivation methods shared by the editor.

How to grow multi-headed colored chrysanthemum? A brief discussion on the propagation and cultivation techniques of multi-headed color chrysanthemum

Multi-headed colored chrysanthemum is a common raw material for cut flowers, which has high ornamental value, blooming and brilliant colors. It is favored by friends who like flowers and plants. Recently, many netizens have been asking the editor how to plant colorful chrysanthemum. Below, the editor will tell you in detail about its cultivation and management skills.

1 propagation methods of cut flowers of colored chrysanthemum in production

1.1 Cuttage propagation.

Autumn chrysanthemum and cold chrysanthemum generally use this method of cultivation. The florescence of autumn chrysanthemum is in mid-late September, so autumn chrysanthemum is the most suitable for cutting in mid-late April. The florescence of cold chrysanthemum is from December to January of the following year, so the cuttage of cold chrysanthemum can be selected from June to July. The method of cutting propagation is to select the mother plant with strong growth and pure strain, and cut 6 ~ 10 cm terminal buds or foot buds at the top. The cuttings should have 5 ~ 7 leaves, leaving functional leaves, and the rest leaves should be removed to reduce transpiration. The cut should be flat or horseshoe-shaped. Immediately after cutting, it should be placed in clear water for 1 hour to ensure that it absorbs enough water before cutting. Naphthylacetic acid (NAA) or indolebutyric acid (IBA) 100 ~ 200ml/L can also be added to water to promote plant rooting. The inserting machine can choose vermiculite, perlite, ordinary soil plus fine sand, or plant ash mixed with loess at the ratio of 2 ∶ 1 to ensure that the soil can be moisturized, aerated and drained. When cutting, you can poke holes with sticks or toothpicks to reduce the damage caused by the cutting bed to the cutting of the plant. When the distance between plants is 3 ~ 4 cm and the cuttings are inserted into fine sand for 2 ~ 3 cm, the height and thickness of seedlings should be the same, and the cultivation surface should be flat. Cover with plastic film to prevent water evaporation, such as raising seedlings in the greenhouse, open the sunshade net and ensure that the temperature is 15 ℃ ~ 20 ℃. Check the soil condition after 3 days, remove the bottom film to refine the seedlings after 7 days, and prepare for planting after 10 days. The temperature should not be too high or too low. The method of cutting propagation can obtain a large number of chrysanthemum seedlings from the mother plant, reduce the cultivation cycle and improve the survival rate of chrysanthemum. After cutting the mother plant for 3 ~ 4 times, the cutting quality will decline, so it is necessary to eliminate the mother plant in time and replace the new mother plant.

1.2 tissue culture.

The method of tissue culture is to take the pure old root of chrysanthemum and extract the tender stem, remove the leaf and petiole, rinse in clean water, disinfect, cut into small segments and inoculate in the prepared medium for culture. The room temperature should be kept at about 25 ℃ and the light should be fully illuminated for 8 hours. if the light is not enough, the seedlings can grow gradually after week culture, and the rooting culture can be carried out for 30 days. After rooting, it can be transferred to sandy soil for normal cultivation.

1.3 ramet method.

Summer chrysanthemum and autumn chrysanthemum generally use this method of cultivation. Summer chrysanthemum blossoms once every year in May and September of the lunar calendar, so the ramets of summer chrysanthemum are often carried out from late September to late October. Autumn chrysanthemum is from November to March of the following year. When dividing the plant, the mother plant which is healthy and free of diseases and insect pests should be selected and divided into several small plants with scissors at the rhizome, each with 2-3 stems, with partial roots, and then planted in the basin.

2 cultivation and management of chrysanthemum in cut flower production

2.1 Plant management.

The cut flower color chrysanthemum has tall plants, thick stems, long growth period and a height of 80 ~ 150 cm, so it is necessary to avoid lodging or breaking. When the chrysanthemum grows to about 30 cm, it can set up a net to prevent lodging. The mesh is about 25 cm, with an average of 3 branches in each eye, so that the chrysanthemum plants are evenly distributed in the cut flower net. With the increase of the growth height of chrysanthemum, the height of cut flower net should be adjusted in time.

2.2 fertilizer and water management.

In addition to applying sufficient base fertilizer, an appropriate amount of compound fertilizer should be added to the growth stage of chrysanthemum. In the vegetative growth period, an appropriate amount of water can be increased according to the growth status of the plant to ensure the wetness of the soil. Topdressing can be carried out when watering, mainly nitrogen fertilizer. During the period of leaf bud differentiation, fertilization can be stopped and fertilized when the flower bracts grow. When fertilizing, be careful not to pollute the leaves with fertilizer, such as pollution, wash the leaves in time.

2.3 florescence regulation.

Cut chrysanthemum grows to 15 ~ 20 cm and has 6 ~ 7 leaves for coring. When the side branches grow out, it is necessary to remove the excess side branches in time, leaving only a small number of side branches to ensure the supply of nutrients and reduce unnecessary nutrient consumption. After the bud appears, the main bud should be retained and the small buds on the side should be removed so that all nutrients are supplied to the main bud.

2.4 Lighting control.

Chrysanthemum is a typical short-day plant, so it can prolong the florescence of chrysanthemum by controlling light and temperature, and inhibit or promote the growth and development of the plant. The flower bud differentiation of chrysanthemum is affected by many external factors, among which light plays a decisive role. Short-day notes promote flowering, while long-day sunshine inhibits flowering. The demand for light duration of different varieties of chrysanthemum is also different, generally 12 ~ 14 hours.

2.5 Disease and pest control.

Chrysanthemum will also encounter a variety of diseases and insect pests in the process of cultivation, especially in the hot and humid season of early autumn, it is more likely to appear large-scale diseases and insect pests, such as black spot, powdery mildew, brown spot, root rot and so on. these diseases are fungal diseases, the main causes of these diseases are excessive soil moisture, poor drainage, poor ventilation, lack of light and so on. In order to prevent excessive stagnant water from causing waterlogging, ditches should be dug to smooth drainage, increase oxygen in the soil layer, and reduce the occurrence and spread of diseases. If a disease occurs, diseased leaves and bodies should be removed in time, concentrated burning or deep burial, and attention should be paid to pastoral hygiene. The soil can be disinfected with 1 ∶ 8 formalin solution. Common pests are aphids, red spiders, inchworm, chrysanthemum tiger (chrysanthemum longicorn beetle), grub, leaf moth larvae, etc., which can be controlled by artificial killing and spraying, and some pests have phototaxis, which can be used to kill them.

Multi-headed color chrysanthemum is an artificially cultivated ornamental flower, its flower posture is beautiful, it has very good ornamental value, it can be cut flowers, can also be planted in the courtyard or potted plants, the above is about its reproduction and cultivation skills, please remember to collect.