How to plant mountain plum blossoms? A brief discussion on the propagation and pest control techniques of Prunus mume in Gannan Plateau

Prunus mume is a very good seedling flower with unique flower posture. Because of its high ornamental value, it is being introduced in many areas of Europe and the United States. It can be planted in gardens or made into potted plants. The following are the propagation techniques and pest control methods of Prunus mume. Friends who like flowers and plants can try to plant them.

1 characteristics of mountain plum blossom

Prunus mume is a shrub, its flower color is white, flower appearance is beautiful, florescence is May-June, fruit period is July-August, strong adaptability, and fast growth, is a very good flower seedlings.

2 Economic value

2.1 ornamental value

The mountain plum flower is fragrant, beautiful, many flowers gather, the flowering period is longer, for the excellent ornamental flowers and trees, it is suitable to be planted in the courtyard and scenic spot. And can be used as cut flower material. The mountain plum blossom has strong cold resistance and is suitable to be used as a landscaping tree species in Gannan cooperation, Luqu, Xiahe and other high altitude areas. The seedlings blossom early and can blossom in 2-3 years, and the ornamental effect is good.

2.2 Medicinal value

Prunus mume blossom is used in medicine with stems and leaves. Collected in summer and autumn, dried or fresh, sweet, light, flat, has the effect of clearing heat and dampness, used for the treatment of cystitis and icteric hepatitis.

3 growth habits

The mountain plum blossom is adaptable, likes light, likes warmth, is also cold-resistant, heat-resistant, and afraid of waterlogging. Annual branches bloom and pruning should be carried out after flowering. The seedling stage should be shaded by the sun. Transplanting should be carried out in early spring.

4 cultivation techniques

4.1 Environmental selection

Neutral or slightly acidic soils close to water sources, leeward to the sun, free of diseases and insect pests, high groundwater level and fertile soil should be selected as seedling breeding sites.

4.2 soil preparation and fertilization

In order to cultivate the nursery land in an all-round way, the first choice is meticulous soil preparation, followed by the removal of weeds, application of basic fertilizer, comprehensive disinfection of the soil, and finally sufficient water to keep the soil moist.

4.3 Reproduction

It is mainly propagated by seeds, and it can also be propagated by split method, striping method and cutting method.

4.3.1 seed propagation

4.3.1.1 the capsule matured from late October to November, and the seeds were fine. After clean seed, dry store in cloth bag or seal with film bag, store in cold storage (5 ℃) or refrigerator, and sow seeds in the next spring.

4.3.1.2 Prunus mume blossom is generally sown in spring, and sown in the cooperative area from the first ten days to the middle of May. As the seeds of Prunus mume are small, they are generally sown on the bed by sowing or strip sowing, and the spacing is 12~15cm. When sowing, you should choose to sow seeds mixed with fine soil on the seedling bed when sowing in a weather without wind and rain, and then cover the straw with 0.3cm thickness, so that you can't see the soil.

4.3.1.3 manage to keep the bed moist after sowing, to ensure that the seedlings emerge neatly, 20-30 days after sowing, take advantage of overcast days or evening to uncover the grass, set up the shady shed, remove the shady shed when the seedling height 3~5cm, and carry out all-light cultivation. When the seedling is 10cm, loosen the soil, weed or irrigate it, divide the seedlings into different periods, and the plant spacing is 6~8cm. Loosen soil, weed and irrigate 2 times in the whole year.

4.3.2 ramet breeding was carried out before sprouting in spring. The plants with strong growth and dense branches were selected for ramet. 4.3.3 the one-year-old branches with strong growth were selected on the mother tree. The time of striping is generally chosen in June. After trenching, press the branches into the ditch, then cultivate the soil 5~6cm at intervals of 1 or 2, and finally cover with thick film to keep moisture.

4.3.4 Cuttage seedling

4.3.4.1 Hardwood cuttings were carried out in the cooperative area from late April to early May. Select 1-year-old or 2-year-old branches with strong growth, cut the cuttings of 10~15cm (at least 3 nodes), cut the cuttings with row spacing of 5cm × 20cm, insert them into the soil, compacted with soil, watered thoroughly, and build a sunshade in late May. Generally, cuttings can take root in about 1 month.

4.3.4.2 the semi-lignified branches of the same year were selected for softwood cutting and were cut from July to August every year. Cut into 10~15cm cuttings, keep 1canopy 4 leaves, plant and row spacing is 5cm × 5cm, insert 3canopy 4 into soil, choose river sand or vermiculite as cutting medium, spray water in time after cutting, cover with sunshade net to shade, and rooting in about 20 days.

4.4 Water and fertilizer management

2-3 years after planting, loosen the soil and weed 2-3 times a year, and do a good job of seedling replenishment. Soil loosening, fertilization and irrigation are carried out every year before germination, before flowering, before fruiting and after defoliation. Fertilizing 3-4 times and watering 5-6 times a year is beneficial to the growth, long flowering time, large and beautiful flowers.

4.5 cultivation techniques

1-year-old seedlings with high 20~30cm can be planted in the nursery after two years. Planting in spring is generally selected, and planting is carried out in cooperative areas before spring bud germination (April to May). It is not suitable to plant in autumn. When planting seedlings, you must bring soil balls to ensure that the roots stretch naturally. After 2 years of cultivation, the tree height 100~120cm and ground diameter 1: 1.5 cm can blossom in 2 years, and the ornamental effect is good.

4.6 shaping and pruning

Plastic pruning is carried out every year in winter after falling leaves or before germination in the spring of the second year. The principle of shaping and pruning is that the branches are evenly distributed, the perfect crown is formed and the growth is robust. First of all, the branches are cut short, so that a beautiful crown can be formed, and withered branches, bore branches, slender branches, cross branches, disease and insect branches, poor growth branches and dense branches are cut off, which is beneficial to the concentrated supply of nutrients to flowering branches. this can also form a neat and good crown.

(5) Disease and pest control

There are few diseases and insect pests in Prunus mume blossom. After 3 years of cultivation, only slight aphid damage was found. Aphids are mainly harmful to tender leaves, stigmas, flowers and buds, etc., and can be sprayed and controlled by 1000-1000 times wettable aldicarb powder, 50% wettable anti-aphid powder or 50% anti-aphid aqueous solution 500 / 1000 times.

The above is a detailed introduction about the reproduction and pest control of Prunus mume in Gannan plateau. In the editor's view, Prunus mume is of high ornamental value and easy to grow, so it is a good variety of potted flowers.

Pest control of plum blossom

There are many kinds of plum blossom diseases, the most common of which are powdery mildew, leaf shrinkage, anthracnose and so on. Today, the editor shares with you the prevention and control methods of plum blossom diseases and insect pests.

1. Powdery mildew. The disease often occurs in an environment with high humidity, high temperature and poor ventilation. In early spring March, when plum blossom sprouted, the buds and new leaves were easily infected by bacteria, and a very thin powdery layer appeared in the affected part, then needle-sized black or yellow particles appeared on the powdery layer, and the leaves turned yellow and withered in the later stage.

2. Leaf shrinkage disease. Can be sprayed with topiramate or carbendazim, or 1% Bordeaux solution, once every other week, 3-4 times can be cured.

3. Anthrax. At the initial stage of the disease, 70% topiramate or 1000-fold solution of Dysen zinc can be sprayed for prevention and treatment. When other diseases are found, spraying the above two kinds of solution can also be effective.

The above are the prevention and control methods of plum blossom diseases and insect pests.

Prevention and control of common diseases and insect pests in plum blossom

The prevention and control methods of common diseases and insect pests of plum blossom-the physiological diseases of plum blossom are mainly caused by improper maintenance, such as waterlogging, drug damage and so on. 1. The waterlogging injury of plum blossom is caused by the rotten root caused by stagnant water in the root, which is often manifested as poor growth or even death. Therefore, plum blossom watering should be appropriate, at the same time to prevent stagnant water in the rainy season basin. The plum blossom planted in the ground should choose the land with high topography and good drainage, and the potted plum blossom should choose loose and well-drained soil. 2 plum blossoms. Drug damage is caused by improper spraying or improper use of pesticides, such as the use of dimethoate, pyrethroid pesticides and other pesticides are easy to cause plum blossom leaves to fall off ahead of time, and then affect the flowering of the following spring. Therefore, it is best to use 1000 times of 50% phoxim or 50% fenitrothion emulsion to control plum blossom pests. In addition, plum blossom has weak resistance to harmful gases such as sulfur dioxide and photochemical smog, which can easily lead to poisoning and even death. So plum blossoms cannot be planted in the downwind direction of factories with pollution sources. .