How to cultivate a bride? Techniques of cultivation and maintenance of Flowers and Flowers of falling Bride

Astilbe is horsetail ginseng, the biggest characteristic of its flowers is rich in color, colorful, and flowering period from June to September. It can be planted in flower beds, flower borders, etc. Can also be cut flowers or potted plants, ornamental value is very high. The following is a detailed cultivation and maintenance skills of astilene flowers yo, like flowers parents can try.

environment

Astilbe likes semi-shady, cool and humid environment, cold tolerance, drought tolerance, avoid direct sunlight, growth temperature 15 25 degrees, keep cold weather in winter, but avoid cold.

soil

Astilbe adaptability is strong, like acid, neutral drainage good sandy loam, but also resistant to light alkali soil. Pots can be mixed with moldy leaf soil, garden soil and river sand.

water and fertilizer

Astilbe in the growth period once a month to apply a thin nitrogen phosphorus potassium fertilizer, promote growth and buds, flowering stop nitrogen. Fertilization was stopped at the beginning of October after autumn, and the plants were about to dormancy. Water see dry irrigation thoroughly, not too dry and too wet, summer rain pay more attention to drainage waterlogging, avoid rotten roots.

illumination

Astilbe likes semi-shade, but growth and flowering require higher light intensity, and flowers bloom more and more brightly. In summer, when the temperature is too high, ventilation must be strengthened. Partial shade during frost period, avoid direct sunlight. Keep in mind that the environment of the sun is less flowering.

temperature

Winter indoor temperature is kept at 10 - 12 ℃, field planting can be covered with straw, potted plants should avoid cold and keep cold weather, temperature higher than 12℃ will lead to plant leaves enlarged, flower stem thinning; temperature lower than 6℃ will delay bud development.

management

① Astilbe is a traditional Chinese medicine. After autumn (after flowering), plants can be harvested for medicine. The roots will sprout in the spring of next year. In spring, the plant can also be picked to germinate more lateral buds.

2. Astilbe can be cultivated in a slightly humid and cool environment, so that the roots will not grow to a deep underground soil, which is conducive to the compact plant shape. Potted plants in winter relative humidity is too high or wet leaves easily lead to gray mold.

Astilbe flowers are mainly fertilizer and water management and growth environment, so you must pay attention to when breeding, the above is the key skills on Astilbe flower cultivation, you remember to collect.

How to cultivate and maintain perennial flowers

Perennial root flowers are also called perennial herbaceous flowers, which refer to perennial herbaceous ornamental plants with developed roots formed after flowering, fruiting and wilting of the aboveground parts of the plants, which can overwinter in the open field and germinate, grow, bloom and bear fruit again in the following year. Commonly speaking, perennial flowers refer to flowers that can "hibernate", and flowers that can germinate and grow, bloom and bear seeds on the ground in the spring of the following year. The advantage of this kind of flower is that it is easy to breed and manage, and it can bloom for many years in one year. It is a plant material suitable for urban greening and beautification. Plants underground part of the winter and do not form a large spherical or massive root, the next spring can still sprout and flower and continue for many years flowers. Most of them belong to cold region ecotype. It can be divided into two categories: hardier and less hardy. The former can be cultivated in the open field, while the latter needs greenhouse cultivation. It is mainly propagated by ramets, usually in dormant period. The species with few new buds can be propagated by cuttage, grafting, etc. Sowing and propagation are mostly used to cultivate new varieties. In other words, perennial flowers are flowers in which the underground part of the plant can reside in the soil for winter, and the aboveground part can germinate and grow, bloom and bear seeds in the following spring. Such as echinacea, astilene, chrysanthemum, golden chrysanthemum, sea dianthus, icelandic beauty, sedum, columbine, bellflower, sage and so on.

flowering mechanism

Perennial flowers have different flowering mechanisms. Generally speaking, perennial flowers need photoperiod (day length) or vernalization (low temperature), or both. Understanding the special flowering mechanism of perennial flowers is one of the most important factors affecting the success of perennial commodity production.

Photoperiodic perennial flowers often require photoperiods to stimulate flowering. Long-day plants need 14 hours or more to flower; medium-day plants flower regardless of the length of the day, but some varieties bloom more on long-day days; short-day plants need shorter days to flower, generally less than 12 hours. Long-day plants can stimulate flowering by artificial supplementary light during their unnatural flowering seasons. An easy way to artificially create long days is to supplement the night light, from 10 p.m. to 2 a.m. for 4 hours, using incandescent light of 50 lux to 100 lux. Supplemental light sometimes causes plants to grow rapidly, especially with incandescent light, so turn off the light as soon as buds appear.

There are three key elements for successful vernalization, all of which are indispensable: the plants ready for vernalization must be fully mature; there must be a suitable low temperature, generally no higher than 5°C; and the appropriate low temperature treatment time is generally 6 weeks to 10 weeks.

The effect of low temperature treatment on immature perennial flower plants is very bad. Generally, at least two months of vegetative growth period is guaranteed before low temperature treatment. Germany Banali company newly launched fast lane varieties, from sowing to flowering needs 3 to 5 months, do not need low temperature to complete vernalization, but vernalization can significantly shorten the flowering time after transplantation, and ensure uniform flowering.

production process

Using imported peat as seedling medium can obviously increase the emergence rate and speed up the seedling formation. 300 liters of peat packed can be filled into 100 to 120 trays with 200 holes, and the cost of each hole only increases by one cent. Especially for small seeds, the effect of using imported peat is more obvious.

The general rules of sowing, transplanting and flowering of fast lane varieties are: sowing from January to March, pot from March to May, and flowering from May to September. Even if it is a fast lane variety, it can obviously increase the number of flowers and improve the quality when it is placed in the greenhouse at 0℃ to 5℃ for 1 month to 1.5 months after it is placed in the pot. Therefore, it is recommended to treat it through this process when the greenhouse is rich.

The general rules of sowing, transplanting and flowering of conventional varieties are: sowing from September to November, potting from November to March of the following year, flowering from April to August.

The best time to pot up is when the root system of plug seedlings grows out of the vent hole at the bottom of the plug and the root system is clustered. Transplanting late, such as the formation of small old seedlings, will prolong the growth time, affecting the quality of finished products.

After the seedlings are formed, the seedlings are transplanted into a tray or a nutrition pot, or transplanted into a commercial pot in one step, and after the seedlings are allowed to stand for 2 to 4 weeks, the seedlings are transferred into a greenhouse with the temperature of 0 to 5 DEG C at night and the temperature of 10 to 15 DEG C at day, and the seedlings are stored for 1.5 months to 2.5 months. During this time, always keep the medium in the basin moist. During this period, some special varieties with long sunshine to promote flower bud differentiation also need to be treated with light for 12 hours to 14 hours, and most varieties do not need light treatment. After March, the temperature rises again. When the lowest temperature is about 10℃ in greenhouse, normal growth and maintenance are started, and fertilizer and water management are carried out until the plants bloom.

The advantage of this kind of flower is that it is easy to breed and manage, and it can bloom for many years in one year. It is a plant material suitable for urban greening and beautification. The underground part of the plant survives the winter without forming fat spherical or massive roots, and can still sprout and bloom in the next spring and last for many years. Most of them belong to cold region ecotype. It can be divided into two categories: cold-resistant and cold-resistant. The former can be cultivated in the open field, while the latter needs greenhouse cultivation. It is mainly propagated by ramets, usually in dormant period. The species with few new buds can be propagated by cuttage, grafting, etc. Sowing and propagation are mostly used to cultivate new varieties.

Specifically, there are the following points:

1. The application range is wide, and can be widely used in landscape, courtyard, roadside, riverside, slope and other local greening.

2. One planting can be viewed in many places, and it is convenient, economical and can save a lot of manpower and material resources.

3. Most varieties are not strict with environmental conditions and can be extensively managed.

4. Variety, plant height and short, flowering, color changes greatly, long time, rich in color, bright.

5. Many varieties have strong ability to purify the environment and resist pollution and medicinal value.

6. Some varieties are good materials for cut flowers, potted flowers and dried flowers.

Perennial root flowers cultivation and maintenance points Perennial root flowers, also known as perennial herbaceous flowers, refers to the above-ground part of the plant flowering, fruiting, wilting, underground part of the formation of developed roots, can open winter, next year again germination, growth, flowering, fruiting a class of perennial herbaceous ornamental plants, such as echinacea, astilene, chrysanthemum, sea carnation, Iceland Yu Mei, sedum, aquilegia, bellflower, sage and so on. Perennial flowers have different flowering mechanisms. Generally speaking, perennial flowers need photoperiod (day length) or vernalization (low temperature), or both. Understanding the special flowering mechanism of perennial flowers is one of the most important factors affecting the success of perennial commodity production. Photoperiodic perennial flowers often require photoperiods to stimulate flowering. Long-day plants need 14 hours or more to flower; medium-day plants flower regardless of the length of the day, but some varieties bloom more on long-day days; short-day plants need shorter days to flower, generally less than 12 hours. Long-day plants can stimulate flowering by artificial supplementary light during their unnatural flowering seasons. An easy way to artificially create long days is to supplement the night light, from 10 p.m. to 2 a.m. for 4 hours, using incandescent light of 50 lux to 100 lux. Supplemental light sometimes causes plants to grow rapidly, especially with incandescent light, so turn off the light as soon as buds appear. There are three key elements for successful vernalization: the plants ready for vernalization must be fully mature; there must be a suitable low temperature, generally no higher than 5°C; and the appropriate low temperature treatment time is generally 6 to 10 weeks. The effect of low temperature treatment on immature perennial flower plants is very bad. Generally, at least two months of vegetative growth period is guaranteed before low temperature treatment. Germany Banali company newly launched fast lane varieties, from sowing to flowering needs 3 to 5 months, do not need low temperature to complete vernalization, but vernalization can significantly shorten the flowering time after transplantation, and ensure uniform flowering. The seedling emergence rate can be obviously increased and the seedling growth speed can be accelerated by using imported peat as seedling medium. The peat packed in 300 liters can be filled into 100 to 120 trays with 200 holes, and the cost of each hole only increases by one cent. Especially for small seeds, the effect of using imported peat is more obvious. The general rules of sowing, transplanting and flowering of fast lane varieties are: sowing from January to March, pot from March to May, and flowering from May to September. Even if it is a fast lane variety, after pot slow seedling, put into the greenhouse at 0℃ to 5℃ for 1 month to 1.5 months, it can obviously increase the number of flowers and improve the quality, so in the case of abundant greenhouse, it is recommended to treat through this process. The general rules of sowing, transplanting and flowering of conventional varieties are: sowing from September to November, potting from November to March of the following year, flowering from April to August. The best time to pot up is when the root system of plug seedlings grows out of the vent hole at the bottom of the plug and the root system is clustered. Transplanting late, such as the formation of small old seedlings, will prolong the growth time, affecting the quality of finished products. After the seedlings are formed, the seedlings are transplanted into a tray or a nutrition pot, or transplanted into a commercial pot in one step, and after the seedlings are allowed to stand for 2 to 4 weeks, the seedlings are transferred into a greenhouse with the temperature of 0 to 5 DEG C at night and the temperature of 10 to 15 DEG C at day, and the seedlings are stored for 1.5 months to 2.5 months. During this time, always keep the medium in the basin moist. During this period, some special varieties with long sunshine to promote flower bud differentiation also need to be treated with light for 12 hours to 14 hours, and most varieties do not need light treatment. After March, the temperature rises again. When the lowest temperature is about 10℃ in greenhouse, normal growth and maintenance will be started, and fertilizer and water management will be carried out until the plants bloom. (Author Jin Wendong's unit is Beijing Linda Forestry Technology Co., Ltd.)