A brief discussion on the diagnosis and Control Countermeasures of main Diseases in Flower Seedling stage

In recent years, with the destruction of the environment, people pay more and more attention to the planting of green seedlings, and flower planting has become the primary project for people in most cities to cultivate their self-cultivation. The following editor will talk to you about the diagnosis methods and prevention measures of the main diseases of flowers at seedling stage. Those who like flowers and plants can refer to them.

1 Identification and diagnosis of main diseases in flower seedling stage

The main diseases of flowers at seedling stage are divided into non-infectious diseases and infectious diseases: non-infectious diseases are also called physiological diseases, which are mainly caused by the discomfort of flowers to the environment, resulting in physiological changes in flowers. This disease will not be transmitted to other plant individuals, so this disease is also called non-infectious disease, such as iron deficiency chlorosis, sunburn and so on. Infectious diseases are also called pathogen parasitic diseases, which are mainly caused by fungi, bacteria, viruses and other microorganisms parasitic on flowers, which can infect other individuals, so they are also called infectious diseases, such as black spot, powdery mildew and rose rust.

(2) Protection and treatment of main diseases of flowers at seedling stage

2.1 Control measures of non-infectious diseases

Taking iron deficiency chlorosis as an example, iron deficiency chlorosis of flowers at seedling stage is mainly characterized by yellowing of tender buds, turning brown in severe cases, and finally withering and withering. This situation generally occurs in acidophilic flowers cultivated in the north, such as rhododendron, gardenia, eight immortals and jasmine. There are mainly the following ways to prevent and cure iron deficiency chlorosis: first, mixed fertilizer. This method can be used to prevent and control the iron deficiency of flowers at seedling stage. The main components of mixed fertilizer are ferrous sulfate, cake fertilizer, feces and water, and the proportion is 1 ∶ 2 ∶ 4 ∶ 80. The specific weight depends on the actual need of fertilization. The second is the vinegar method. Ingenious use of vinegar can promote the growth of flowers (acidic flowers) at seedling stage and reduce diseases, mainly because vinegar contains 1% ~ 5% acetic acid, glucose, lactic acid and other substances beneficial to flower growth, in addition, vinegar can inhibit the biological activity of glycolate oxidase and effectively improve the efficiency of flower photosynthesis. The specific steps are as follows: 10 grams of vinegar is diluted in 3 kilograms of water. Spray plant leaves before 10:00 and after 4 p.m.

2.2 Control measures of infectious diseases

Taking powdery mildew as an example, the appearance of powdery mildew in early flower seedlings was mainly characterized by yellow spots in leaves, stems and other parts, and then expanded and developed into round white spots. The early powdery mildew was dispersed and became the whole mildew spot with the passage of time, which seriously affected the photosynthesis of flowers at seedling stage. The disease mainly harms flowers including rose, rose, chrysanthemum, melon-leaf chrysanthemum and primrose. The main prevention and control measures of powdery mildew are: agricultural control. Select disease-resistant varieties to reduce the incidence of powdery mildew; remove the flowers with pathogenic manifestations in the process of seedling purchase; timely pick up infected branches and leaves during the growing period to remove fallen leaves; and adopt single flower planting in the planting process to avoid cross-infection. Chemical control. In the process of overwintering, the flowers should be sprayed with 3-5 Bomedo stone-sulfur mixture diluent for protection, and sulfur powder should be sprayed on the ground to ensure the cleanliness of the flower environment; the protective agent can be sprayed in the early growth stage, 1 ∶ 2 ∶ 120 Bordeaux solution can be used, and pesticides should be applied once every 10 days according to the symptoms of the disease. it should be noted that flowers easily affected by pesticides, such as melon and leaf chrysanthemum, can not use pesticides. After the occurrence of the disease, 15% trimethoprim can be used for 1000 times dilution solution, 2% anti-fungal dilution solution and 10% antimycin dilution solution. After the disease occurs, ethoxystrobin can also be used for spraying operation. Spraying once a week, 2 to 3 times can be effective, the proportion is 20 ml dilution 15 kg of water, it should be noted that the dispensing can not be mixed with chemical fertilizers and pesticides. 70% sulfur diluted 300 times and 72% benzothiourea cyanide diluted 600 times were mixed to spray the seedlings in the form of spray, which could not only control powdery mildew, but also effectively control downy mildew.

The prevention and control of diseases in flower seedling stage plays a very important role in flower growth. First of all, this paper classifies and expounds the diseases that may occur in flower early seedlings, and then through the exposition of iron deficiency chlorosis and powdery mildew, you need to strengthen the effect of flower disease control when planting, so as to effectively prevent and treat flower seedling diseases.

Plant production can not avoid the attack of diseases, and flower planting is no exception, if the prevention and control is not timely will seriously affect the growth of flowers, some will die directly, so you should do early prevention when planting, which can reduce the incidence of diseases. The above is about the diagnosis and control countermeasures of the main diseases in the seedling stage of flowers, which can be used for reference by those who like flowers and plants.

Skillful Control of Seedling Diseases of herbaceous Flowers

Sudden fall and blight are the main diseases in the seedling stage of herbaceous flowers, such as cockscomb, red string, marigold, flat-topped impatiens and so on. The two pathogens are different, but their control methods are similar.

The seeds of the prevention and control measures were soaked in 50% carbendazim wettable powder for 1 hour; the substrate used for seedling cultivation was sprayed with 95% Luheng No. 1 3000-fold solution for sterilization; the sowing amount should not be too large, and the bottom water should not be too much when sowing; it is also necessary to ensure that there is no need for watering after sowing and before heart spitting; to avoid high temperature and humidity in the seedling breeding place; and to timely eliminate the diseased seedlings and their surrounding seedlings when the disease is found. Spray 15% carbendazim 450x solution at the initial stage of sudden fall disease, spray 20% methyl trimethophos EC 1000 times at the onset of blight disease; spray 72.2% prednisone water agent and 50% thiram wettable powder in the case of simultaneous occurrence of sudden fall disease and blight disease. Spray liquid 2kg to 3kg per square meter.

Main diseases and insect pests of flowers in summer and their control methods

According to a recent survey, there are many kinds of diseases and pests in flowers and plants, and the main diseases and pests are whitefly, Liriomyza huidobrensis, scale insects, beetles, chrysanthemum black spot, anthrax and so on.

Whitefly

The insect occurs on many kinds of flowers, and poinsettia suffers the most. Recently, in Panyu Hualong, Zengcheng Zhenlong, Fangcun and other places, it was investigated that poinsettia, African chrysanthemum, cherry angel, green emperor, melon and leaf chrysanthemum and other varieties had a large population of insects, with an average of 268.7 live insects, including 300,403 live worms of poinsettia and African chrysanthemum. The insect state is mainly nymph, which is also the appropriate period for control. The insect has the characteristics of rapid reproduction, overlapping generations and strong drug resistance, so it is necessary to apply pesticides in the nymph stage to improve the control effect.

Liriomyza huidobrensis

This insect is the main pest of chrysanthemum, dahlia and other flowers. According to a recent survey, the average leaf injury rate is 13.6%, 28 live louver worms, and the pest index is 3.2. It is expected that the insect will occur moderately.

Scale insect

At present, the population density of loose-tailed sunflower fine-leaf banyan and cycad is relatively high, and the species of scale insects are: shield scale, cotton blowing scale, wax scale, etc., the leaf injury rate is 7.8%, 929.3 live louver insects, and some serious ones are as high as 4878.

Beetle

The insect is a polyphagous pest, the adults gnaw on leaves and petals, and the nymphs damage the roots. According to a recent survey of chrysanthemum, velvet, Lvdi, loose-tailed sunflower, etc., the leaf injury rate was 5%, and 6 live insects were found.

Black spot of chrysanthemum

Recently, the weather is quite humid, which can easily induce the occurrence and development of the disease. According to a recent survey of chrysanthemum varieties such as Lijin and Princess Anning, black spot occurred seriously, with an incidence of 27.8%, serious as high as 43%, and leaf incidence of 13.4%.

Anthrax

The disease occurs on flowers such as African chrysanthemum, chrysanthemum, Hawaiian coconut, white palm and rich coconut. The general plant incidence rate is 20.25%, the leaf incidence rate is 14.5%, and the serious one is as high as 61%.

In addition, some flowers suffered from thrips and red spiders, including 100 live heads of African chrysanthemum thrips and 60 live worms of fine-leaf banyan.

Prevention and cure method

The main results are as follows: 1. To control flower whitefly, scale insects should be used in the nymph peak period.

Whitefly: you can choose 10% Kangfudo 2000 times or 2% insecticidal urea 2000 times or 10% imidacloprid or aphid lice 1000 times spray. Spray every 7 murmurs every 10 days and spray 2 Murray 3 times in a row.

Scale insects: you can choose 1000 times liquid spray such as 40% speed culling or fast scale gram 1000-1500 times or 40% omethoate.

Liriomyza huidobrensis: 1.8% chlorhexidine or green vegetable 1000 Mel 1500 times or 40% Lesbon 800 times liquid spray.

2. To prevent and control flower diseases, start to use medicine at the seedling stage or the early stage of the disease, spray it every 7-15 days according to the condition, and spray it 3-5 times.

Chrysanthemum black spot: (1) removal of old diseased leaves and centralized burning; (2) chemical control; you can choose 500 times of 50% carbendazim or 800 times of 80% carbendazim or 25% of enemy power to remove 1500 times liquid spray.

Anthrax: you can choose 50% Shibao Gong 1000 times or 40% Shibao Le 1500 times or 75% chlorothalonil + 70% topiramate 1000 times liquid spray.