Make good use of these drugs are not afraid of succulent death.

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Picture and text: curator

Many meat lovers who have just come into contact with succulent plants for a period of time often do not quite understand why the succulent plants of so many people on the Internet need to be sterilized and insecticidal, and what kind of soot disease, black spot disease is scale insect root pink scale, and they seem to have no need in this respect at all. is it because they are gifted that they are really good at succulent plants, so there is no trouble in this respect.

Of course, this is not the case. the outbreak of diseases and insect pests usually takes a period of time and accumulates over time, which is why farmers' uncles have to rotate crops in the same field. one of the reasons is to avoid the aggravation of certain diseases and insect pests of certain crops. Therefore, even if you do not have all kinds of bacterial damage, or honestly collect this article, because succulent as long as a year or two, as long as you do not use medicine, the basic soot disease will not run away. The following author: grinning and nodding, sorted out a more practical fungicide for succulent plants, and introduced in detail the usage and dosage, and pointed out the harmfulness of some pesticides, which is worthy of reference.

Succulent plants from the use of soil to leaf insertion, it seems that every step has a standard procedure, as long as follow it, there will be no accident. In fact, illness is caused by external forces in the final analysis. Water will be rotten, will melt water black rot all know, so it is necessary to control water. However, the main culprit of black rot in chemical water is fungi, and large water leads to the growth of a large number of fungi, and the lack of oxygen in the soil leads to the malignant growth of fungi, which finally defeats the epidermal defense of plants and invades the body. because most plants have no immunity, bacteria can be said to be rampant into plants, so there will be legends that black rot will die overnight. Therefore, in addition to water control, there is any way to prevent the occurrence of diseases, that is sterilization. If the planting method can prevent the disease from the source, then the drug is to stop the enemy halfway. Not only that, medicine is divided into many minutes, in addition to disease control fungicides and insecticides, there are plant growth regulation drugs, as well as fertilizers. The first is fungicides, followed by insecticides, and finally plant regulators and fertilizers. Not only introduce the usage and dosage, but also say some common sense, which is of great help to meat lovers who want to go further into succulent cultivation. I majored in law, the words are objective and blunt, you do not mind, there are shortcomings welcome to point out. Let's get down to business.

Summary of matters needing attention for pesticides:

1. The choice of pesticides in the market, there are many kinds of pesticides, the quality of pesticides is uneven, and the objects of prevention and control are also very different. therefore, pesticides must be selected according to the objects to be prevented and treated, so that they can be used symptomatically and not blindly. Fungicides for fungus infection, insecticides for insect pests, lack of nutritional fertilizers, plant growth regulators for regulating plant growth (rooting powder, etc.). Try to identify big brands, such as Guoguang, Limin, Kesheng, DuPont.

2. The preparation of pesticides should accurately weigh the dosage and the amount of water, do not increase or decrease the concentration at will, and should be blended strictly in accordance with the requirements of the instructions. In particular, plant growth regulators are very sensitive to concentration. The mother liquor should be diluted with a small amount of water first.

3. For the application of pesticides, it is necessary to choose suitable instruments, for example, spray fungicides should choose sprinklers with smaller fog droplets; spray pesticides can choose larger sprinklers. Second, it depends on the weather, strong wind, rain can not spray; do not spray before rain; do not spray with dew; do not spray under hot sun. At high temperature, the drug is highly volatile, and the drug enters the human body through breathing and skin stomata, which can easily lead to operator poisoning. To try to choose sunny and windless conditions, generally 8-10:00 in the morning (after the dew is dry), 5-7 pm (before and after sunset), choose the vigorous time of pest activity to spray. Third, the corresponding pesticide application techniques should be adopted according to different control objects. For example, the pathogen is generally on the back of the crop leaf, the back of the leaf must be sprayed evenly when spraying, aphids generally occur on the tender shoot, mites are mostly on the back of the old leaf, and the shell larvae are in the root. In addition, fungicides can generally be applied directly to plant wounds.

4, safety protection, pesticides are drugs, always pay attention to their own safety protection in the process of use to prevent poisoning. Wear necessary masks, gloves, protective clothing, and other protective equipment; do not smoke, eat or drink water during pesticide application; stand in the upper wind during pesticide application; wash the body and change clothes in time after application.

5. after the waste is treated and applied, the remaining liquid and waste water used in washing sprayers should be properly disposed of, should not be dumped at will, and must not be poured into rivers, lakes and sea ponds, and attention should be paid to the protection of the environment.

6. To avoid the production of resistant fungicides and pesticides, they should be rotated with other drugs with different mechanisms of action to reduce the occurrence of drug resistance.

7. Totally prohibited pesticides (23 kinds) HCH, DDT, toxaphene, dibromochloropropane, chlordimeform, dibromoethane (EDB), herbicide, Aldrin, dieldrin, mercury preparation, arsenic, lead, dicyclohexane, fluoroacetamide, fluoroacetamide, tetramine, sodium fluoroacetate, silicon, methamidophos, parathion, methyl parathion, monocrotophos, phosphoramines.

8. Restricted pesticides (18) prohibit the use of omethoate on cabbage, prohibit the use of dicofol and fenvalerate on tea trees, prohibit the use of butyrylhydrazide on peanuts, and prohibit the use of terbutyl parathion on sugar cane. Parathion, isofloxophos methyl, parathion, methyl thiocarbophos, trimethophos, internal phosphorus absorption, carbofuran, aldicarb (the protagonist of Shandong "poisonous ginger" incident), parathion, thiocarbophos, fly phosphos, parathion, chlorazophos, benzophos are used in vegetables, fruit trees, tea and Chinese herbal medicines.

Details of commonly used fungicides:

1. Carbendazim is an internal absorption fungicide with high efficiency and low toxicity, which has the effect of internal inhalation treatment and protection. Low toxicity to people, animals, fish, bees and so on. Irritation to the skin and eyes, dizziness, nausea and vomiting after oral poisoning. Do not see carcinogenic, teratogenic, mutagenic effect (this is very important, carcinogenic drugs should not be used as far as possible, teratogenic mutagenic drugs are not allowed in pregnant women's families). Main dosage forms: 25%, 50% wettable powder, 40%, 50% suspending agent, 80% water dispersible granule. Dosage usage: (50% wettable powder prevails, other concentrations are calculated proportionally, this should not be taught, will not or do not look down) (1) spray, the family uses 50% carbendazim 800-1000 times, according to the development of the disease to determine the number of spraying and the amount of medicine, spray every 7 to 10 days. (2) Root irrigation, the concentration is the same as spraying, once every 10 days or so, continuous irrigation for 2 or 3 times. (3) mixed soil, using 1 gram plus 1 liter of soil, mixed with medicinal soil for planting. (4) mix seeds and soak seeds with 1 gram for every 100 grams of seeds. Seed soaking method can also be used, diluting 500 times, using 2 grams of carbendazim, 1 liter of water, soaking seeds for 2 hours. Note: (1) spraying should be carried out in the afternoon on cloudy or sunny days, and should be sprayed in case of rain within 6 hours after spraying. (2) carbendazim can be mixed with general fungicides, but should be mixed with insecticides and acaricides. (3) it should not be mixed with alkaline fertilizer or copper preparation. (4) if the diluted solution will be delaminated after being temporarily used, it should be shaken well and then used. (5) the first carbendazim is Guoguang, which is recognized as the best in China. I also think it is really good to use it, just to mention one thing, when other brands dissolve, it is easy to stick to the bottom, and it is easy to precipitate after dissolving. Guoguang dissolves as soon as it is washed, never touches the bottom, and there is no obvious precipitation even if it is put for half an hour. It is easy to dissolve and should not be precipitated, which means that the powder is fine, so it is not easy to clog the nozzle and damage the spray can.

2. Chlorothalonil is a broad-spectrum and protective fungicide, which has no internal absorption and conduction effect, but after it is sprayed on the plant, it can have good adhesion on the body surface, so it is not easy to be washed away by Rain Water, so the efficacy period is longer. Chlorothalonil is a low-toxic fungicide, which has an irritating effect on the skin of a small number of people, has an obvious irritating effect on some people's eyes, and is toxic to fish (those who raise fish and shrimp at home should be very careful). There was no teratogenicity and mutagenicity under the experimental conditions. Main dosage forms: 40% suspending agent, 50%, 75% wettable powder, 75% water dispersible granule, 10% oil agent, 5%, 25% granule, 2.5%, 10%, 30%, 45% smoke, 5% powder. Usage dosage: (whichever is 75% wettable powder) sprayed, diluted 500-800 times, depending on the occurrence of the disease, once every 7 days or so, can be used continuously for 2-3 times, should be evenly sprayed. Because it is a protective fungicide, which is equivalent to forming a protective film on the surface of the plant, it must be evenly covered with every leaf and branch, especially the back of the leaf. Note: (1) for diseases resistant to carbendazim, chlorothalonil has a better effect. (I have many years of experience, carbendazim + chlorothalonil can be said to be invincible.) (2) it should be used with caution in the process of aquaculture. (3) it should not be mixed with Bordeaux solution, stone-sulfur mixture and other alkaline pesticides. (4) Chlorothalonil is an essential medicine for rose, it is used to control various fungal diseases such as black spot, brown spot, rust, powdery mildew, downy mildew, gray mold, anthracnose, leaf blight, leaf scorch, scab, leaf shrinkage, perforation and so on.

3. Triadimefon, also known as Fanning and Bailitong, is the first widely used triazole fungicide. It has a special effect on powdery mildew, rust and smut, so it gets a good name: "Fenning". Triadimefon is a triazole fungicide with high efficiency, low toxicity, low residue, long effective period and strong internal absorption. It has the functions of prevention, eradication and treatment of rust and powdery mildew (eradication is a complete cure, the strongest). It has a mild irritating effect on the skin, moderate toxicity to fish and harmless to bees and birds. There was no carcinogenic, teratogenic or mutagenic effect in the experimental dose. Main dosage forms: 5%, 15%, 25% wettable powder, 25%, 20% EC, 20% paste, 25% suspension, 0.5%, 1%, 10% powder, 15% aerosol. Usage: (subject to 15% wettable powder) (1) spray, 15% wettable powder 500-2000 times liquid, I recommend 1500 times, disease weight 1000 times, according to the development of the disease to determine the number of spraying and drug dosage, spray every 7 to 10 days. (2) seed dressing with 1 gram of medicine for every 300 grams of seeds (not recommended). Note: (1) Triadimefon can be mixed with alkaline drugs, but not with copper preparations. (2) seed dressing may delay the emergence of seeds by 1-2 days, but does not affect the emergence rate and late growth. (3) there is no specific antidote and can only be treated symptomatically. (4) keep the medicine away from the aquaculture area, and it is forbidden to clean the appliance in the water body such as rivers and ponds, so as to prevent the liquid from polluting the water source. (5) Guoguang is the first, for the same reason as carbendazim.

4. Carbendazim, also known as carbendazim, is a new type of internal absorption soil fungal fungicide and plant growth regulator. Its action mechanism is unique. After entering the soil, it is absorbed by the soil and interacts with inorganic metal salts in the soil, which can more effectively inhibit the germination of spores and the growth of hyphae of pathogenic fungi. At the same time, it can promote plant growth, root tillering, root hair growth, root activity, enhance the cold tolerance of seedlings, improve the quality of seedlings, and achieve the role of healthy and strong seedlings. The permeability of carbendazim is so high that it can move to the stem in two hours and the whole body of the plant in 20 hours. Carbendazim is recognized as a pollution-free pesticide, and its physical and chemical properties are fully in line with the requirements of environmental protection. Main dosage forms: 8%, 15%, 30% water agent, 15%, 70%, 95%, 96%, 99% wettable powder, 20% EC, 70% seed treatment dry powder. Usage dosage: (1) spray, dilute 1200-1500 times liquid, spray times and dosage according to the development of the disease, spray once every 7-10 days, 2-3 times. (2) irrigate root and dilute 600-800 solution. (3) soaking seeds and diluting 1000 times. Note: (1) it can be mixed with general pesticides and increase each other's efficiency. (2) safe, low toxicity, no residue, environment-friendly fungicide, is the first choice of green food pesticides. (3) low toxicity and environmental protection is an advantage, but it is poisonous after all, so don't be careless. Forget suicide, low toxicity, too slow to live and suffer.

5. Mancozeb is an excellent protective fungicide and a low toxic pesticide. Because of its wide range of sterilization, not easy to produce resistance, the control effect is obviously better than other similar fungicides, so it has been a large tonnage product in the world. The medicine has an irritating effect on the skin and mucous membrane and is toxic to fish. Main dosage forms: 70% and 80% mancozeb wettable powder, 80% bake, Dasheng Mmur45, Xinwansheng wettable powder. Usage dosage: (whichever is 80% wettable powder) spray, dilute the liquid 8-1000 times, depending on the occurrence of the disease, once every 10-15 days, can be used continuously for 2-3 times, should be evenly sprayed. Because it is a protective fungicide, which is equivalent to forming a protective film on the surface of the plant, it must be evenly covered with every leaf and branch, especially the back of the leaf. Note: (1) during storage, attention should be paid to prevent high temperature and keep it dry so as not to decompose the agent under high temperature and humidity and reduce its efficacy. (2) should not be mixed with alkaline or copper-containing agents. (3) it is toxic to fish and cannot pollute the water source. (4) the medicament can stimulate the skin and mucous membrane, so pay attention to the protection when using it.

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