How to cultivate Ginkgo biloba? Techniques of Water and Fertilizer Management and Pest Control in Ginkgo biloba cultivation

Ginkgo biloba is the main tree species of afforestation, its leaves are like fans, unique and beautiful, has a good ornamental value, and its planting has high medicinal value. Wood is a raw material for the production of musical instruments and has high economic value. So how to cultivate ginkgo trees? The following editor will analyze it for you in detail.

I. selection and planting of seedlings

Ginkgo biloba seedlings with a diameter of less than 5 cm can be planted with bare roots, while those with a diameter of more than 6 cm need to be cultivated with soil. Seedlings planted with bare roots are slow in that year, while seedlings planted with soil can grow in the same year. After the seedlings are planted, they can be irrigated with water. After planting, we should pay attention to the phenomenon of "fake living". When determining whether ginkgo biloba is a "fake life", you can't just look at the leaves of ginkgo biloba, it is important to look at the roots of ginkgo biloba.

II. Growth and management

1. Ploughing the soil. Ginkgo biloba can grow normally on sand, loam, clay and gravel. Good soil can meet the needs of ginkgo biloba for nutrition and water, so it is necessary to turn ploughing and improve soil in time. Ploughing to improve soil needs to be in accordance with local conditions, generally deep ploughing 60-80 cm, in order to improve the soil and prevent soil consolidation. The young tree opened a circular ditch 0.5 meters outside the trunk, 0.3 meters deep and 0.4 meters wide, and then expanded year by year until it grew into an adult tree. During the period of rapid growth of new shoots and roots in spring and summer, shallow tillage should be carried out appropriately.

two。 Fertilize. Organic fertilizer is mainly used as base fertilizer, which is best applied in autumn, that is, in combination with deep ploughing from September to October, or from late October to mid-November, sometimes before sprouting in spring. Spraying is more beneficial to the absorption of all roots of Ginkgo biloba, but it needs a large amount of fertilizer and is uneconomical. Young trees are often applied in annular trenches. Chemical fertilizer is mainly used for topdressing, preferably three times a year, or foliar spraying combined with the prevention and control of diseases and insect pests. The amount of fertilizer application is generally determined according to tree potential, tree age, variety, soil, climate and management level.

III. Drainage and irrigation

1. Irrigation. Ginkgo biloba has a strong ability to resist drought. In areas with an annual precipitation of about 1000 mm, adult trees and ancient ginkgo trees generally do not need irrigation. Ginkgo biloba needs sufficient water at all stages of growth and development, so it should be irrigated timely in arid areas, in dry seasons, in sandy land with insufficient fertility and barren soil.

two。 Drainage. Ginkgo biloba is afraid of waterlogging. if the water is more than 15 centimeters deep for 10 consecutive days, it will cause ginkgo leaves and rotten roots, and seriously can cause ginkgo death. In the rainy season, special attention should be paid to drainage and waterlogging to ensure that stagnant water can be discharged in time.

IV. Seedling transplantation

Transplant should be in spring as far as possible. When raising ginkgo seedlings, it is better to raise soil balls that are 6 times the diameter of the seedlings. The earth ball is generally dug into the shape of an apple, the top is big and the bottom is small, and the lower part is slightly flatter. The earth ball is tied up with grass rope to protect the soil ball and prevent it from loosening. In general, big trees need to be hoisted by cranes. Transport vehicles can not be loaded with too many seedlings, 1 car to load a row of seedlings is appropriate, try not to stack seedlings, so as not to squeeze each other.

Before planting, we should first check whether the depth of the tree hole and the height and width of the ginkgo soil ball are appropriate. Pay attention to the tree hole can not be dug too deep, too deep will cause poor plant growth. After the saplings are placed, before the soil in the hole is backfilled, remove the grass rope of the soil ball, then fill half of the soil and firmly, then fill the other half of the soil and step on it, surround the tree Weir and water it thoroughly.

Ginkgo biloba needs to be set up in time after planting, which is generally supported by three pillars. After planting, it was watered for the second time every 3-5 days, and then every 7-8 days. After 40 days, it could be watered reasonably according to the soil moisture.

Prevention and control of diseases and insect pests

1. Root rot. Root rot usually occurs in June. Prevention and control methods: ① timely removal of diseased plants and concentrated burning; ② with 70% methyl topiramate 1000 times liquid spray control.

two。 Stem rot and leaf blight. Prevention and control methods: continuous spraying of carbendazim 800 times solution for prevention and control.

3. Ginkgo silkworm moth. Prevention and cure method: ① biological control. Trichogramma and other natural enemies are released during the spawning period of the female moth. ② light trap. Making use of the phototaxis of the adult of ginkgo silkworm moth, it was trapped and killed by black light. ③ hunted and killed artificially. Collect its egg blocks and cocoons, kill them, and kill its mature larvae. ④ chemical control. It can be sprayed with 90% trichlorfon 1 500-2000 times, or 50% dichlorvos EC, malathion EC 1000 times, or 2.5% trichlorfon 3000 times.

4. Grub. Control method: ① artificial capture: dig deeply under the fresh killed plant, find its larva and concentrate on treatment. ② chemical control: the root can be irrigated with chemical. Root irrigation is required to work in the early morning and evening, fork out a small hole with a depth of 10 cm and a spacing of 2 cm, and fill the hole with 300 times 25% phoxim EC. Or irrigate the nursery with 40% methyl isosphos 1500-2000 times, once every 7-10 days, 2-3 times in a row. ③ poisonous soil control: per mu of nursery land with 3% trichlorfon powder 1.5kg 2.5kg or 3% carbofuran granule 2.5kg, add fine soil 25kg 50kg mixed well, spread evenly on the soil surface.

Ginkgo biloba is a good green seedling and the preferred tree species for urban greening because of its ornamental value, edible value, medicinal value and economic value. the above are the detailed techniques of water and fertilizer management and pest control of ginkgo biloba cultivation. I hope it will be helpful to the growers.

Cultivation and pest control techniques of Catalpa chinensis

Liriodendron, also known as Juglans mandshurica, is a deciduous tree belonging to the catalpa of the family Liriodendron, which is mainly produced in the Yellow River and Yangtze River basins in China, and is also distributed in North China and Zhejiang and Anhui provinces. Catalpa tree trunk is tall and straight, growing rapidly, suitable for shade trees, street trees, can also be used to decorate lawns, rockery, is a good material for landscaping. The cultivation and management techniques are introduced as follows, for reference only. Morphological characteristics and ecological habits of catalpa up to 35 meters high, trunk tall and straight, crown is Obovate, bark gray or dark brown, shallow longitudinal crack. There are tuberous protuberances on the trunk of the old tree, and the young branches are grayish green and glabrous. Leaves opposite or verticillate, triangular-ovate or long-ovate-elliptic, apex acuminate, base truncate to broadly cuneate or heart-shaped, 5 cm to 17 cm long, entire, abaxially with purple glandular spots. Racemes terminal, with 3 to 12 flowers, Corolla light pink with purple spots. The capsule is 25 cm to 45 cm long, about 5 mm in diameter, with flattened seeds and long white hairs at both ends. Flowering from April to May and fruiting from September to October. Liriodendron likes light, seedlings are slightly tolerant to shade, like warm and humid climate, but not resistant to severe cold. Catalpa is neither drought-resistant nor water-resistant, nor barren. It likes moist, fertile, permeable sandy loam, can tolerate mild saline-alkali soil, and can grow normally in mild saline-alkali soil with pH8.8 and 0.15% salt content. It has strong resistance to sulfur dioxide and chlorine and strong dust retention ability. Planting method planting Juglans mandshurica in landscaping can be carried out in both spring and autumn. The planting time is from late March to mid-April in spring and from mid-November to early December in autumn. Before planting, planting holes should be dug according to the requirements. The planting holes should be not less than 1.2 meters × 1.2 meters, and the depth is not less than 80 centimeters. The topsoil and subsoil should be stacked separately. If the soil quality does not meet the requirements, the soil should be changed. Planted catalpa trees with DBH less than 10 cm can be planted with bare roots, and seedlings with more than 10 cm had better be planted with soil balls, which can maintain a high survival rate. When planting Juglans mandshurica trees, we must be careful not to plant too deep, which can easily lead to muggy buds, even seedlings planted in autumn. When watering the spring water in the early spring of the second year, the mound should also be removed, which is conducive to plant germination. Generally speaking, when planting bare-root seedlings, the fill can be 2 cm to 3 cm higher than the original soil marks, and the seedlings with soil balls should be flush with the original soil balls. Catalpa trees like fertilizer, should be planted with some rotten fermented circle fertilizer as the base fertilizer, the base fertilizer should be mixed well with the planting soil, it is easy to burn roots. Water should be watered immediately when planting in spring, two water after three days, and three water after five days. Autumn planting should be based on the planting time to determine the watering times. If it is planted in the middle of November, it can be watered twice, that is, it can be watered immediately after planting and two water after seven days; if it is planted in early December, it can be watered once. After planting, brackets should be set up in time for larger seedlings to prevent wind blowing or artificial shaking. The requirement of water and fertilizer management of catalpa chinensis is relatively strict, which should be paid attention to in daily maintenance. Taking the seedlings planted in spring as an example, in addition to watering the first three waters, they should also be watered once or twice in May, June, September and October. July and August are periods of abundant precipitation. If they are not too dry, they can not be watered, and they should be fully watered in early December. In the following spring, they should be watered back in time in early March, and watered once or twice in April, May, June, September and October, and anti-freezing water in early December. The third year can be watered according to the method of the second year, and after the fourth year, in addition to watering green water and anti-freezing water, reliable natural precipitation grows, but when the weather is too dry, it should still be watered when the precipitation is low, and some street trees that have grown for many years should also be watered during drought. this is conducive to plant growth and prolong life. Liriodendron likes fertilizer. In addition to applying sufficient basic fertilizer at the time of planting, some rotten and fermented sesame sauce dregs or cow and horse manure should be applied in combination with frozen water at the end of autumn every year. Some urea can be applied to the plant at the beginning of May, which can make the plant grow luxuriantly and accelerate its growth. The application of some phosphorus and potassium fertilizer in late July can effectively improve the Lignification degree of plant branches and be conducive to the safe overwintering of plants. Reshaping and pruning catalpa trees are resistant to pruning and have strong sprouting ability. Catalpa trees are generally cut off before planting, and the dry height can be determined according to the requirements of use or design. In spring, when the new branches grow to about 30 cm, among the branches close to the top, three or four branches with strong growth, uniform distribution and not on the same track are selected as the main branches, and the rest of the new branches are all cut off. During the growing period, the trunk will also sprout some buds, which should be erased in time to prevent excessive nutrient consumption. The new branches of the catalpa tree grow faster, and they can grow to 80 cm to 120 cm in the same year. After the leaves fall at the end of autumn, truncate the selected main branches and retain 40 cm to 60 cm. Be sure to leave outer buds. In the process of cultivation and management, some people often do not truncate the main branch and allow it to grow. as a result, the crown of catalpa tree is narrow and does not open, which is not beautiful and the shade area is small. Therefore, the truncation of the main branch and the selection of outer buds are favorable measures to expand the crown of Catalpa chinensis. At the end of the next spring, the new twigs on the main branches were screened, and one or two new branches were retained on each main branch as side branches. The selected branches should grow strong and can not be staggered with each other, and all the other branches should be removed. After the leaves fall at the end of autumn, these branches should be cut short and medium, and the outer buds should also be retained. After the above pruning, the basic tree shape of catalpa tree is formed, in the future maintenance, only need to remove drooping branches, cross branches, over-dense branches, disease and insect branches, dry and withered branches. Pest control 1. Common pests such as Perth bug, paulownia tortoise shell, moth, white kidney armyworm, frost moth, ginkgo silkworm moth, catalpa beetle wild borer, big green leafhopper and so on. If the bug bug occurs, it can be killed by spraying 3000 times of 20% Kangfuduo solvent in the adult and nymph stage, 3000 times of 3% hyperosmotic phenoxyvir EC in the larval stage of paulownia tortoise shell, and 3000 times of 20% Kangfuduo solvent in its larval stage. When Spodoptera litura occurs, 48% Bacillus thuringiensis can be sprayed in its larval stage, and 7000 times of 20% diflubenzuron suspension can be used to kill pre-3rd instar larvae; when frost moth occurs seriously, 1000 times of Bt emulsion can be sprayed to control the wild borer, Chilo suppressalis If the green leafhopper is harmful, it can be sprayed with 1000 times of 25% buprofezin wettable particles or 48% of 3500 times of Lesbon EC in the nymph stage. two。 Common diseases include anthracnose of Juglans mandshurica and root nodule nematode disease of catalpa. The anthracnose of Juglans mandshurica mainly harms the leaves and shoots of Liriodendron chinensis, and it is easy to occur in the period of high temperature and humidity and poor ventilation. After the disease, the leaves wilted and fell off. In the process of maintenance, we should pay attention to ventilation and light transmission, strengthen the management of water and fertilizer, and improve the disease resistance of the plant. If it occurs, it can be sprayed with 80% anthrax Fumei wettable granule 500 times for prevention and control, once every seven days. Three to four consecutive sprays can effectively control the disease. Liriodendron root nodule nematode disease mainly harms the root system of catalpa tree, the main root, lateral root and small root can be infected, after the disease, some nodules are planted on the root system, and then the root rot, resulting in the gradual death of the plant. The disease is relatively stubborn, and quarantine should be strengthened before planting to prevent the introduction of diseased seedlings. If it occurs, 10% line phosphorus powder (3 kg to 4 kg per mu) or 98% micronized powder (5 kg to 6 kg per mu) can be applied to the roots for prevention and control. The propagation methods of catalpa chinensis can adopt sowing method, root burying method, cutting method and grafting method, and the common methods are root burying method and grafting method. 1. Root burying method in late March, in the strong growth, DBH more than 15 cm on the selection of 1 cm to 2 cm thick root strips, 12 cm to 20 cm long, the cut should be smooth. Obliquely buried in the soil, the plant row spacing is 20 cm × 20 cm, big head up and small head down, burying the root should pay attention to compacting the soil, so that the root is closely combined with the soil. The upper end of the root is slightly 2 cm below the ground. After burying it, step on it gently, and then water it thoroughly. The flat burying method is to put the root strips flat in the groove and step on the soil with a row spacing of 30 cm × 30 cm. It can sprout about 20 days after burying roots, and the tillers can be removed in time when the seedling is about 15 cm high, and only one strong branch is retained for each root. The application of urea at the beginning of May with the dosage of 50 kg / mu could accelerate the growth of seedlings. In the middle of June, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer was applied again to improve the Lignification degree of seedlings. The seedlings were transplanted in the second year, and the row spacing was 60 cm × 60 cm. two。 Grafting method grafted catalpa trees were used as seedlings as rootstocks. The seeds of catalpa tree were sown by strip sowing method in late March, and urea was applied once after the seedlings came out for one month, the dosage was 50 kg per mu to accelerate the growth of seedlings, and in the middle of April of the following year, grafting was carried out by bud grafting. After grafting, the grafted buds were covered with plastic bags for moisturizing, and the plastic bags were removed after the buds survived.

Prevention and control of diseases and insect pests of garden trees in January

1. Climate characteristics in January: dry and cold, little or no rain, foggy. Warm winter is beneficial to overwintering and breeding of diseases and insect pests.

2. The occurrence of diseases and insect pests in this month: the main affected varieties in this month are fine-leaf banyan thrips, yellow banyan hanging filariae, scale insects, safflower, white orchid aphids and scale insects. Crape myrtle heart borer. Willow canker.

3. The main diseases and insect pests in January and their control methods: there are aphids, thrips, scale insects, heart borer, powdery mildew, brown spot and so on. The control methods can be sprayed with 800 times of omethoate plus dichlorvos and topiramine. The heart borer can be poisoned with omethoate and water 5 to 10 times, and the damaged branches can be cut off and burned in a safe place.

4. Key points of cultivation and management: winter pruning: comprehensive pruning of deciduous trees; pruning of withered branches, damaged branches, disease and insect branches on large and small trees. This month to wet and moisturize, loosen the soil and clear the garden. Cut off dead branches and dead trees in time.

5. Do a good job in sanitation and cleaning and remove garbage in time.

6. For the scale insects which are difficult to control, the 1000-fold solution of killing scale can be used to control the scale insects, and many kinds of insect pests can be controlled at the same time.

February

February: the temperature is higher than the previous month, and the trees are still dormant.

1. The maintenance is basically the same as in January.

2. Pruning: continue pruning the dead and diseased branches of Platanus acerifolia and large and small trees. Trim all kinds of trees before the end of the month.

3. Pest control: continue to control diamondback moth and scale insects.

March

In March, the prevention and control of diseases and insect pests should be mainly aimed at the overwintering generation.

1. Warm winter will increase the activity of overwintering larvae of insect pests. The control of overwintering pests should be one of the key points of pest control in March. Among the pests that overwinter with mature larvae, the following two kinds of pests should be paid attention to:

1. Plutella xylostella overwinters as mature larvae in the sac, mainly in camphor, cherry blossoms, cypresses, sweet-scented osmanthus and other trees. when the overwintering ends in March, it will begin to harm the tree leaves and pupate at the end of March. Therefore, the insect cyst should be removed at the beginning of March.

2. Beetles, overwintering as larvae (grubs) in the soil, are mainly distributed in cover plants such as Ophiopogon japonicus, onion orchid and lawn rhizosphere soil. The damage will begin in March and pupate from April to May, so it should be combined with ploughing and turning the soil to reduce the cardinal number. it is very good for follow-up control. Ground damage level can be used for prevention and control.

Another focus of prevention and control in February and March should be on the prevention and control of aphids. The rise in temperature in March will lead to mass breeding of aphids. It has been found that aphids are harmful to a variety of plants, such as coral, big-leaf yellow poplar, firethorn, Haitong, red-leaf plum, peach and so on. All conservation units should pay close attention to prevention and control to avoid unnecessary losses. The control can be sprayed with imidacloprid (once clean) or pyrethrin (not too often used and easy to produce drug resistance).

Third, due to the temperature, the overwintering larvae of the yellow poplar silk wild borer do not begin to feed, but there are sporadic occurrence and different instar periods, and the activity increases at the beginning of March, so it should be controlled as soon as possible to prevent the outbreak of the next generation. It is expected that the first generation will occur at the end of March. Attention should be paid to observation and timely prevention and control. Spray of pyrethroids and BT insecticides are available for prevention and control.

Fourth, powdery mildew, powdery mildew can infect the seedlings of woody flowers such as rose and rose. The disease mainly occurs in leaves and also harms tender stems, flowers and fruits. There are also sporadic phenomena in the narrow leaves of the top ten and big leaves of Populus tomentosa. With the rise of temperature, there is a great possibility of occurrence. 1000-1500 times liquid of Penicillium or 1500-2000 times liquid of Tianwei No. 3 can be sprayed every 10-15 days for 2-3 times in a row, and combined with pruning to cut off the branches and leaves of diseases and insects.

April

April is the key month for the prevention and control of garden plant diseases and insect pests, which should be closely observed and carefully controlled during the appropriate period.

Leaf-eating pests in January and April:

The main results are as follows: (1) the yellow poplar silk wild borer entered the peak period in late April, when the leaves were eaten up and the whole plant was withered and yellow. 2500 diflubenzuron can be used in the early stage, and 1000 times omethoate EC can be used to control the aged larvae.

(2) Beetles: adults can be killed by shaking them down from the tree, or trapped by black light.

(3) American white moth: in the middle of April, the overwintering generation of American white moth adults emerged, which can be caught and controlled manually.

(4) Spodoptera litura: in late April, the first generation of larvae of Robinia pseudoacacia began to damage, so we should seize the best time to spray carbamide and so on.

Stem borer in February and April

In April, stem borers began to harm activities, mainly rust-colored longicorn beetles, bare-shouldered longicorn beetles, stink trench orbital elephants, etc., in addition to artificial injection, the habits of different pests should be controlled. A moth can be used in advance to prevent trees from being pest-free for half a year.

Piercing and sucking pests in March and April

1. Aphids: peach aphid, rose long tube aphid, willow black hair aphid, polymorphic aphid, cotton aphid and so on. The preferred insecticide for aphid control is 1.2% nicotinine emulsion 800ml 1000 times, others can choose 40% omethoate EC 1000 times, imidacloprid 2000 times, and so on. Pay attention to peach trees and other Rosaceae plants with caution in the use of organophosphorus pesticides to prevent drug damage.

two。 Grass scale, peach scale and other scale species began to do harm, the main control methods are smearing poison ring, but also can choose some special scale control drugs such as killing scale to control.

3. The spotted wax cicada began to hatch in the last ten days, and groups of small nymphs concentrated on the twigs, so we should seize the favorable opportunity to control it, and 1000 pyrethroids can be used.

In addition, in the middle of April, we should do a good job of burying granules to control prickly sucking pests such as leaf mites.

Underground pests in April and April

Attention should be paid to the prevention and control of grubs. 1000 times 50% phoxim EC can be used to spray or spread the ground.

Diseases in May and April

In this month, some diseases are in the initial infection stage, such as big leaf yellow poplar powdery mildew, rose black spot and so on. The key control object in this period is the rot disease of various tree species, and the main control method is to strengthen fertilizer and water management and apply chemical control.

May

In May, the climate has gradually warmed up, and the occurrence of some flower diseases and insect pests has also increased. The prevention and control methods of several serious diseases and insect pests are introduced as follows:

First, aphids. Also known as greasy worms. Hibiscus, green peach, mulberry, rose, honeysuckle, oleander, chrysanthemum and so on are vulnerable to aphids. The insect occurs for many generations a year, overwinters with eggs on plant branches, produces winged aphids from April to May of the following year, and flies to hosts such as chrysanthemum and mulberry to absorb sap. Winged migratory aphids are produced in late autumn and October, which migrates from summer hosts to winter hosts to produce sexual wingless female aphids and male aphids from other places to mate and lay eggs to survive the winter. Prevention and control methods: ① protection and utilization of natural enemies. In addition to the natural enemies that exist in nature should be protected, some ladybugs and lacewings can be released in time after artificial breeding. ② chemical control. Try to use as few universal insecticides as possible, and choose internal absorption insecticides that do less damage to natural enemies. The insecticides for the control of garden plants can be sprayed with low toxic insecticides such as imidacloprid and acetamiprid.

Second, scale insects. Also known as flower lice. The harm is more serious in evergreen, palm, Luohan pine, Magnolia, rose, yellow poplar, Haitong and other plants.

Third, blight. The disease mainly harms pine, fir, begonia, ginkgo, poplar, poinsettia and other plants. Usually seed bud rot shows lack of seedlings on the ground before being unearthed; waterlogged brown spots appear at the base of the rhizome before Lignification; and brown mycelium and small soil granular sclerotia are found in the diseased part under wet conditions. When the temperature is more than 20 degrees Celsius, flowers, seedlings and some flowers with rotten roots newly sown or sown by the Beginning of Autumn are extremely prone to bacterial blight if the soil moisture is high. Control methods: before sowing ①, soil disinfection with dimethazone and pentachloronitrobenzene had outstanding control effect; ② controlled watering in the young stage of seedlings so as not to make the soil too wet. When diseased seedlings were first found in ③, ammonium solution was irrigated or carbendazim or carbendazim spray was used for 1-2 times.

Fourth, powdery mildew. The disease can harm many plants and flowers, such as turfgrass, rose, purple magnolia, big-leaf yellow poplar, impatiens and yellow pear. Mainly occurs on the leaves, both sides of the leaves are covered with white powder, so that the leaves wrinkle, the disease spot is light yellow, irregular, in the later stage, there are many black spots on the leaf surface, that is, the ascomycetes of the pathogen. Prevention and cure methods: ① cultivation, maintenance and prevention, pay attention to the ventilation and light transmission of flowers, carry out appropriate pruning to reduce the ladder of infection, avoid hot and humid environment, and reduce foliar water. To eliminate powdery mildew caused by ②, the pathogenic powdery mildew usually falls into the ground or surface soil with diseased leaves, and clears the diseased leaves in time, turns the soil and covers the sterile soil under the plant, in order to reduce the primary infection source ③, apply less nitrogen fertilizer, more phosphorus and potassium fertilizer; spraying triadimefon (triadimefon), diniconazole and other fungicides in the initial infection stage of ④, the current special agents are etherstrobin (also known as Cuibei), Spencer.

June

The hot and humid weather in June is very suitable for the occurrence of diseases and insect pests. Some stinging garden pests will continue to harm, and other pests have already occurred in the first generation. We should seize the opportunity to focus on prevention and control.

1. American white moth: in recent years, American white moth has caused serious damage to trees in the north, and many areas have begun to deploy the prevention and control of white moth in April. At the end of May and the beginning of June, the adults of the American white moth can still be seen to copulate and lay eggs. At present, a large number of larvae hatch and form a primary net curtain, and most of the larvae are 1-2 instar. In this period, 6000-fold solution of diflubenzuron should be sprayed to control larvae, combined with artificial removal of net screen to kill larvae.

2. Spodoptera litura: at the beginning of June, the larvae of the first generation of Spodoptera litura have reached the 3rd instar and are about to enter the period of overeating. In this period, 3000 times of diflubenzuron can still be sprayed, and 1.2% bitter tobacco EC (nicotine) 1000-1500 times can also be sprayed for prevention and control.

3. Other leaf-eating pests: at present, the leaf-eating pests that are endangering in the northern region are: Poplar boat moth, willow poison moth, coir moth, dance poison moth, light sword armyworm, yellow poplar silk borer, etc. Attention should be paid to inspection and control. Contact insecticide and fumigant should be used to control leaf-eating pests in this period.

4. Grass scale: in recent years, more and more areas of grass scale have occurred in the north, and the situation is grim. The insect can be transported by seedlings (especially with soil platform) and transmitted artificially or by means of wind. The clean-up worms are not killed, and random dumping is also one of the ways of transmission.

According to the investigation, it is found that in early June, female adults of paramecium have begun to go down to trees to find sites for overwintering and oversummer to lay eggs. However, there are still some worms that continue to harm the branches. In this period, in addition to spraying contact insecticides to control female insects in vitro, manpower should be organized to remove the females under the trees and on the walls to lay eggs, so as to reduce the number of overwintering females. During this period, strapping grass can also be trapped and killed, and the grass will be released and burned after all the grass is under the tree.

5. Crape myrtle scale: a crape myrtle scale occurring on pomegranate and crape myrtle, when a large number of eggs are in the egg sac, and the eggs can hatch at the beginning of June. It can be prevented and treated by artificial curettage of oocysts.

6. Scale insects such as Huai Jian scale, Shaliyuan brown ball scale, Euonymus sagitta shield scale, tumor big ball scale, locust flower ball scale and other scale insects: the nymphs of the above scale insects are in the initial incubation period in early June, so we should take time to check them. Once you see the newly hatched nymphs crawling on the branches and leaves, it can be sprayed and controlled. It is better to spray 1000-fold solution of killing scale and 1000-fold solution of 1.2% bitter tobacco EC (nicotine). After the newly hatched nymphs begin to wax, spray 1000-1500-fold solution or 2000-fold solution of imidacloprid wettable powder. You can use a chemical with special effects on shell insects to kill scale 800Mak 1000 times or kill 800Mel 1000 times quickly.

7. Planthopper: three kinds of planthopper, that is, acacia, Gleditsia and Qingtong planthopper, which often occur in northern China, all occurred in early June. 1.2% bitter tobacco EC (nicotine) 1000 times or 10% imidacloprid 2000 times should be sprayed to control. The prevention and control of the pest should be based on the principle of controlling early and small, otherwise it will cause deciduous coal pollution, affect the landscape and environmental pollution in the later stage.

8. Aphids: aphids occurred on flowering shrubs in June, the more serious aphids were peach powder aphid, spiraea chrysanthemum aphid, cotton aphid, and peach tumor aphid. Polymorphic hairy aphids, willow black hairy aphids, poplar hairy aphids, locust aphids, and individual maple polymorphic hairy aphids are more serious in trees. Chemical control should be done in this period, and 1.2% bitter tobacco EC (nicotine) 1000 times, 10% imidacloprid 2000 times or mifenac 1000-1500 times can be used.

9. Red spider: Hawthorn spider mite, which is seriously harmful to flowering shrubs such as Xifu begonia, green peach, purple leaf plum and so on. We should seize the opportunity to kill it at the beginning of June, otherwise it will cause paste leaves and fallen leaves. Red spiders have occurred seriously on trees in recent years, including Toona sinensis, Sophora japonica, Robinia pseudoacacia, white wax, silk cotton, neem, mulberry, elm, willow and poplar. This year, emphasis should be placed on the prevention and control of red spiders. 1.8% avermectin 6000 times solution can be used for prevention and treatment.

10. Bare-shouldered longicorn beetles: bare-shouldered longicorn beetles will begin to emerge in late May. Once a new Eclosion hole is found, chemical control of adults can begin. Spray green Weilei 200-300 times liquid, mainly spray branches. Adults have a large amount of Eclosion and a large amount of nutrition, and 1000 times liquid 1.2% bitter tobacco EC (nicotine) can be sprayed on the crown and new branches when damaging new branches. At present, injecting chemicals should be used to control the larvae that continue to harm.

11. Bark moth: there will be adult Eclosion in early June. At present, some larvae are still harmful to the xylem, so insecticides should be injected to control them.

12. The orbital elephant in the trench: the larvae of the trench can be harmed, which can be controlled by injection. Adults can be controlled by spraying 200-300 times of green Weilei solution.

July

July: the temperature is the highest, and there will be strong winds and heavy rain after the middle of the year.

1. Transplant evergreen trees: during the rainy season, conifers and bamboos can be transplanted with sufficient water, but pay attention to weather changes and water them in time once they encounter high temperature.

2. Drainage: drainage should be done in time after heavy rain.

3. Topdressing: dry application of quick-acting fertilizer such as nitrogen fertilizer before rain.

4. Street trees: carry out anti-Taiwan peeling and pruning, trim all branches that are in contradiction with electric wires, and check the stumps one by one, and immediately straighten and tie them up when they are found to be loose and unstable. Prepare the labor organization, materials, tools and equipment in advance, and send someone to inspect it at any time to deal with the dangerous situation in time.

5. control of diseases and insect pests: continue to control longicorn beetles and diamondback moths. To control longicorn beetles, 50% fenitrothion 1:50 liquid injection can be used to control longicorn beetles, (or Guoshubao, or Yuanke No. 3), and then seal the hole, which can also achieve good results. Cinnamomum camphor nest borer should be cut off in time and the nest should be destroyed so as to avoid further harm.

August

The main results are as follows: 1. The weeds in all kinds of green space still breed heavily, which slows down in the last ten days, but the proportion of seed-bearing weeds increases, and weeding can not be relaxed.

2. The overgrown branches of some flowering shrubs should be pruned properly to ensure luxuriant autumn shoots.

3. The following 10 kinds of plants (ginkgo, persimmon, cherry blossom, clove, green peach, albizzia, elm plum, five-pointed maple, Robinia pseudoacacia, cedar) in each green space, especially the newly built green space, still need to pay close attention to drainage and silting to strengthen water seepage and ventilation.

4. The shading net of evergreen trees and large trees in the new green space (road) should not be removed in haste for the time being, and the "three strong" climate (strong radiation, strong light, strong transpiration) in August is still obvious.

[major diseases]

1. Powdery mildew

Targets: Fufang vine, big leaf boxwood, rose.

Prevention and treatment: 20% triadimefon 1000-1500 times solution.

2. Leaf blight

Damage targets: all kinds of flowering shrubs and cold lawns.

Prevention and treatment: 1200 times of thiophanate methyl + 50% chlorothalonil.

3. Pythium

Harm object: lawn, ground cover grass flowers (petunia, etc.).

Prevention and treatment: spray 40% metalaxyl 800 anthracene 500-600 times or 50% Ruidu manganese zinc 500-600 times.

[major insect pests]

1. Yellow poplar silk borer

Host: lobular yellow poplar, melon seed yellow poplar, sparrow tongue boxwood.

Occurrence regularity: three generations a year, from late July to August (the second generation larvae of the same year). If the drought persists, the high temperature after the rain will cause the damage to become more serious.

Prevention and treatment:

① combined with pruning to remove larvae damaged by sticky leaves

② spray to kill larvae

A, the first choice of pollution-free pesticide: thiazuron No. 3 1000mi 1500 times solution

B, the second choice of low toxic agents: 1.2% nicotine EC 800Mel 1000 times, or 2.5% deltamethrin 1500Mel 2000 times.

C, other medicament: 40% Lexben 1500 times liquid, or 40% monocrotophos 1500 Mel 2000 times solution.

2. Locust inchworm

Host: Robinia pseudoacacia, Robinia pseudoacacia (Robinia pseudoacacia)

Occurrence regularity: 4 generations a year, overwintering as pupae in shallow soil. In the middle of April, the adults emerged and the eggs were laid on the front of the leaves in flakes. Larvae were damaged from early May to early October, and the generations overlapped. Generally speaking, the damage is more serious in the first and second ten days of May, the middle and last ten days of June, the middle and last ten days of August, and the first and middle part of September. The damage is serious in the period of drought and little rain, and light in the period of continuous overcast and heavy rain, and the larvae droop after being frightened, so it is also known as "hanging ghost".

Prevention and treatment:

① killing larvae

A, the preferred agent: 20% thiazuron 1 5000 ml 8000 times, or thiazuron 3 1500 times

B, the second choice agent: Bt emulsion 500ml 600x, or 1.2% nicotinine EC 800m 1000x

C, other medicament: 2.5% Deltamethrin vinegar 1500 Mel 2000 times.

In winter, ② digs pupae in the wall cracks under the Robinia pseudoacacia tree and in the surrounding shallow soil layer, which is very effective in reducing the overwintering insect population density.

3. Orbital elephant of Toona sinensis groove

Host: Toona sinensis, Toona sinensis, Toona sinensis

Occurrence regularity: two generations a year, overwintering with larvae or adults in tree trunks or soil. In the following year, the overwintering larvae pupated from late April to the first and middle of May, the adults emerged from June to July, and the emergence peak period was in July. The damage to the larvae began in the middle and last ten days of April, and the damage period was from the middle of April to the middle of May when the overwintering larvae stung in the following year. The larvae hatched in the same year from late July to mid-late August are the peak period of damage. The insect states are overlapping and irregular, and adults occur up to October. The adult has pseudo-death, and after Eclosion, it needs supplementary nutrition to feed on tender shoots, leaves, petioles, etc., the adult begins to lay eggs in about 1 month, the egg period is 7 mi 10 days, the first half of the larval incubation period begins in the first and middle of May, and the second half of the year begins from late August to early September. After hatching, the larvae first feed on the phloem under the tree epidermis, and then drill into the xylem to continue the damage. The wormhole is round and pupates in the xylem tunnel after ripening. The pupal period is 10 Mel 15 days. Injured trees often have the phenomenon of glue flow. There is also a "trench eye elephant" associated with this worm.

The newly transplanted Toona sinensis, Toona sinensis and Toona sinensis are particularly vulnerable to this insect because of their weak growth in the slow seedling stage.

4. Crape myrtle scale

Host: Bairihong, pomegranate, privet

Occurrence regularity: the second generation nymph occurred and was the peak period from August to September.

Control: ① protects natural enemies: ladybugs, lacewings, aphid wasps, jumping wasps; ② winter brush or spray Baomei 5 degrees of stone sulfur mixture; ③ for the damage period: root burying "ground damage flat" (1.5-3.0g/) or spraying 40% speed to kill 1500-2000 times or 25% wax scale 1000-1500 times.

5. Meadow borer

Host: lawn

Prevention and control: trichlorfon, deltamethrin or dimethrin can be used to control.

In addition, red spiders, lawn armyworm and so on still occur, continue to control.

September

1. Attention should be paid to the tending and management of all kinds of plants in the garden, especially in the autumn drought period and the late flowering period, so as to lay a good foundation for strengthening the growth potential of plants in autumn and nutrient storage in the dormant period.

two。 September is the peak of the occurrence and damage of diseases and insect pests in autumn. we should pay close attention to timely prevention and control so as to reduce the density of all kinds of diseases and insect pests to the maximum extent.

3. Do a good job in greening, maintenance and sanitary cleaning of parks, roads, squares and construction sites.

[major diseases]

1. Lawn spot blight

Symptoms: withered patches of different sizes appeared in the lawn, the grass turned green and turned withered yellow, the root, crown and neck of the grass were dark brown, the outer cortex of the vascular bundle rotted and the whole plant died.

Prevention and control methods:

① 64% poisonous alum 600700 times; ② 70% mancozeb 500600 times; ③ 50% carbendazim 500600 times; ④ 90% ethyl phosphate aluminum 500600 times.

2. Brown spot of lawn (Rhizoctonia solani)

Symptoms: infect the leaves, sheaths and stems of lawn plants, causing leaf rot, sheath rot and stem base rot. The leaves of a single plant have 5-50mm long brown fusiform or long stripe disease spots, initially bluish gray, then dark brown, and in severe cases, the disease spots circle around the stem. The whole leaf rotted like water stains, and the tillers of diseased plants withered and died. The lawn showed a near-round withered grass spot of 1Mel 2m, a "smoke ring" when it was warm and wet, and then turned green in the center, surrounded by withered yellow "frog eyes".

Prevention and control: ① 70% mancozeb 500600 times; ② 70% methyl thiophanate 600,700 times; ③ 50% carbendazim 500,600 times; ④ 72.2% Purek water agent 800x + 50% thiram 800x spray.

3. Black spot of rose

Control method: spray 80% Dyson zinc 600 times solution or 50% carbendazim 500 color 600 times solution.

4. Brown spot of cherry blossoms

Control method: spray 58% Ruidu Manganese Zinc 500 times or 50% plus Ruinong 1000 times.

5. Wilt of Euonymus tomentosa

Prevention and control method: irrigate 50% Dysen zinc wettable powder 500 times.

[major insect pests]

1. Apple palm moth: commonly known as boat caterpillar

Host: Elm leaf plum, begonia, cherry blossom, cherry, peach, elm, papaya and other plants.

Rule: one generation a year, adult Eclosion in July, larvae hatching from August to October. At the end of autumn, it is buried and pupated over the winter. The 5th instar larvae are harmful to clusters, silking sagging and pseudo-death habits. they feed day and night and eat a lot of food, which can eat up the whole branch or even the whole leaves overnight.

Prevention and treatment: ① sprayed more than 10% Noble suspension 1500Mel 2000 times, ② sprayed 2.5% deltamethrin emulsion 1000Mel 1500 times, ③ sprayed 20% chrysanthemum EC 1500Mel 2000 times.

2. Diamondback moth

Host: in addition to the general damage to Rosaceae plants, it also harms more than 100 species of plants, such as Fatong, walnut, jujube, persimmon, pomegranate, white wax, mulberry and so on.

Law: the worm produces one generation a year, the adults Eclosion in July, the larvae hatch from August to October, and feed exclusively on leaves, initially reticulate, then notched and holes, until the leaves are eaten.

Prevention and treatment: ① sprays 20% diflubenzuron 5000 Mel 6000 times, or diflubenzuron 3 suspension 2000 Mel 2500x; ② sprays Bt emulsion 500x; ③ sprays 2.5% deltamethrin 1000Mel 1500 times, or 20% chrysanthemum EC 1500m 2000 times, or 10% Dolabo 1000 times suspension, or Sulipo suspension 800ml 1000 times. ④ protects natural enemies Ji Bee, wide-shouldered Xiaofeng, assassin bugs and mantis.

3. Aromatic bark moth

Prevention and control: as the larvae climb out of the tree hole in late September to make cocoons overwintering, you can sprinkle a circle of "insecticide" powder on the surface of the soil at the base of the tree trunk to poison the soil larvae (but pay attention to environmental safety and do not let poultry, pigeons and pets get involved in poisoning).

4. Japanese tortoise wax scale

Hosts: Fatong, Populus tomentosa, etc.

Prevention and treatment: spray 40% speed culling 1000ml 1500 times liquid.

5. Other

(1) all kinds of longicorn beetle larvae

September is another peak for most longicorn beetle larvae, and there are generally two types of damage:

① superficial damage-the larvae hatched in the same year are damaged by drilling in the phloem, there are no obvious fecal holes on the tree surface, and there are no fecal debris on the ground.

Deep damage caused by ②-larvae hatched last year or the year before last are damaged by drilling in the xylem, with obvious excretion holes in the tree trunk, dung debris deposited outside the holes or wood filaments scattered on the ground.

Prevention and control: 40% monocrotophos with strong internal absorption can be brushed on the trunk of the tree, and the deep harmful larvae can remove the fecal debris from the defecation hole, plug the "zinc phosphide" poison label, seal it with slime, form a closed "gas chamber", and kill the larvae with the pervasive "phosphine" gas emitted inside the tree trunk after dampness.

(2) Leaf-eating pests: the fourth generation larvae of Robinia pseudoacacia inchworm, poplar withered leaf moth larvae, moth larvae and so on.

Prevention and treatment: spray urea No. 3 suspension 2000Mel 2500x, or Bt emulsion 500x, or 2.5% deltamethrin 1500Mel 2000 times.

(3) prick-sucking pests: red spiders, scale insects, thrips, whitefly, aphids and so on.

Control: spray ① 15% acaridin 1000Mel 1500 times (red spider); ② 40% speed kill 1500Mel 2000 times (scale insects); ③ 20% buprofezin 1000mi 1500 times (whitefly, wood lice); ④ 10% imidacloprid 1000Mel 2000 times (whiteflies, aphids); ⑤ 1.2% nicotinine EC 800ml 1000 times (thrips, aphids).

For the control of piercing sucker pests, no matter whether the injured plants are trees, flower shrubs, grass flowers, potted flowers or perennial flowers, burying the original drug "Tiemiake" with 3-5g/ powder in soil, or using 2 ml 3 grams per centimeter according to breast diameter, the effect is better and the effect is long.

October

Recently, the temperature has dropped significantly, and various diseases and insect pests on garden plants have been reduced, but some diseases and insect pests will continue to be harmed. This month, the focus of prevention and control should be on aphids and leafhoppers.

Now make some predictions about the diseases and insect pests that will occur in the near future. Aphid autumn is the second season for mass breeding of aphids. In September, a variety of plants in various green spaces in the city were found, and there was an upward trend. In October, attention should be paid to prevention and control to prevent a large number of plants from happening. You can use 10% imidacloprid (aphids once clean) 1500ml 2000 times liquid and other chemical spray control.

Leafhopper

Leafhoppers, small green leafhoppers and other leafhoppers in various green spaces do serious harm to green peaches, plum blossoms, cherry blossoms and other garden plants, resulting in pale leaves, early defoliation, and transmission of virus diseases. Leafhoppers will spawn in the middle and last ten days of October and should be controlled in time to reduce the source of overwintering insects. 10% imidacloprid (aphid once net) 1500Mel 2000 times or 20% fenvalerate 3000Mel 4000 times can be used for control.

Large coir moth (bark worm)

In June this year, the damage of the small coir moth on camphor is more serious, and the harm time of the big coir moth is later than that of the small coir moth, which will last through the winter with mature larvae until October. The smaller coir moth has no branchlets on the sac, and many camphor trees are damaged in various green spaces and street trees. Attention should be paid to early control, BT or trichlorfon spray should be used, and the spray must be sprayed through the insect capsule.

In October, we should also pay attention to the harm of diseases and pests such as Plutella xylostella, Spodoptera litura and lawn rust, and remove the overwintering eggs and pupae from the branches so as to reduce the source of overwintering insects in the coming year.

November

First, clean the garden: the pathogens (bacteria) or overwintering eggs of most garden diseases and insect pests survive the winter in the litter or weeds in the garden and come out when the conditions are suitable in the coming year. Therefore, the thorough removal and destruction of litter and weeds in the garden in winter and the improvement of sanitary conditions can greatly reduce the sources of diseases and insect pests.

Second, cut off the branches and leaves of diseased insects: winter pruning is one of the important links in garden management. Combined with winter pruning, emphasis is placed on cutting off the branches and leaves of diseased insects. The cut branches and leaves of diseases and insects should be cleaned in time and transported out of the garden for centralized treatment. The branches and leaves of all paulownia plants were rebuilt, and all 1-2-year-old branches were removed. For branches and leaves that are about to be cut off or have been cut off, insecticides with universality, low toxicity, high permeability and high insecticidal efficiency are sprayed on the branches and leaves with 100 times of 16% nematode clear liquid, so as to prevent the emergence and migration of pests. Concentrate the branches and leaves sprayed with insecticides in the nearest open place, spray an appropriate amount of diesel oil and burn them; in places that are not suitable for fire, encapsulate the branches and leaves with plastic bags to suffocate the insects.

Third, whitening branches: whitening branches can not only effectively prevent frost damage of trees in winter, improve the disease resistance of trees, but also destroy the overwintering places of diseases and pests, playing the dual role of both anti-freezing and killing insects. The preparation method of whitening agent is as follows: 3 parts of quicklime, 0.5 parts of sulfur, 0.5 parts of salt and proper amount of white latex. First use hydration to open the lime, filter out the gravel, make lime milk, then add latex, then add enough water, finally add sulfur and salt, stir evenly.

4. Deep ploughing in winter: deep ploughing in winter can cause mechanical damage to underground pests lurking in the soil, and after exposure to the surface, they can be pecked by natural enemies such as birds, and artificial hunting can be carried out if necessary. In addition, deep ploughing buried the pathogens on the surface of the soil into the deep soil layer, and the pathogens in the deep soil layer were turned to the ground, which destroyed the suitable environment of diseases and pests and effectively controlled the occurrence of diseases and insect pests.

V. Pesticide control

(1) Common diseases and insect pests that are still causing harm in winter

Although most flower diseases and insect pests enter the overwintering (or dormant) state in winter, due to the influence of abnormal climate in warm winter and the strong adaptability of some pest species, there are still some plant diseases and insect pests that continue to be active in winter, harming garden plants. The main diseases and insect pests that can harm garden plants in winter in our city are gray silkworm moth, some shell insects, some aphids, black whitefly, banyan thrips, termites, longicorn beetles, soot, sweet-scented osmanthus, etc. In time, according to the characteristics of the harm, we should prescribe the right medicine to the case, prevent and control the harm.

1. Most of the greening plants are accompanied by shell insects and soot disease. The occurrence of shell insects is more common, there are many species, and the damage is quite common. in some tree species, even insects are covered with stems, branches and leaves, which seriously affect the growth and tree appearance of greening plants. Soot disease is one of the most important diseases in garden plants in the central urban area of Quanzhou, which mainly harms the leaves, twigs and flower organs of plants, and forms a soot-like mildew layer on the affected part, which is covered into a thin sheet on the whole leaf seriously. It inhibits the photosynthesis of plants, weakens the growth potential of plants, and seriously affects the ornamental effect of garden plants.

Prevention and control measures: spray with insecticides such as quick culling, omethoate, dichlorvos, phoxim and other insecticides mixed with soot soot net, carbon sore Kuiyanling, Anna garden plant cleaning agent, methyl topiramate and other fungicides.

2. There are a large number of damage of gray silkworm moth and banyan tube thrips on banyan plants, such as yellow banyan, weeping banyan, big-leaf banyan, banyan and so on. The larvae of the gray silkworm moth feed on the leaves and shoots, the young larvae bite the mesophyll, and the older larvae eat the leaves. Because the larvae have the phenomenon of mimicry, it is not easy to find and easily cause great harm. The nymphs and adults of thrips suck up the sap of the young leaves and buds of the host, resulting in purple-red-brown spots of different sizes, the shoots wither and the leaves fold to the front along the midvein to form dumpling-like galls.

Control measures: imidacloprid, cypermethrin, deltamethrin and phoxim and other organophosphorus pesticides were mixed and sprayed.

3. Black whitefly occurs on Bauhinia, Tianzhu, sausage trees and other plants. Black whitefly groups suck the sap of plant leaves (leaf back), fruits and twigs, and the affected leaves appear green, yellow and white spots, and when they occur seriously, the spots expand into pieces, and then the whole leaves are pale, resulting in fallen leaves and withered shoots.

Control measures: spray chlorpromazine, bifenthrin and other agents.

4. Willow, longan, Hainan putao, banyan and Taiwan Acacia are harmed by termites in winter, while willow and Italian poplar are seriously harmed by longicorn beetles. Termites often nest in the soil, eat the roots and stems of plants, build mud quilts on trees, gnaw on bark, but also invade xylem from the wound, resulting in poor growth or even death of the whole plant. Longicorn beetle larvae eat the trunk and branches and make irregular tunnels, destroying the transport of nutrients and water in the tree, so that the tree is weak and the heavy tree dies.

Control measures: ⑴ dug ant nests around the nursery where termite damage occurred (depth more than 50 years), and put the feed that termites like to eat, such as fresh pine, sugarcane, sugarcane bark, eucalyptus bark, etc., as bait. After a large number of termites were trapped to the killing point, spraying infectious mirex can achieve the purpose of killing a large number of termites. The termites harmed by ⑵ are sprayed on the mud line or mud quilt with 1000 times liquid of Lesbon or deltamethrin, so that the mud line or mud is fully wet and the soil does not fall. Do not spray the mud line or mud after being eradicated first. ⑶ in the branches of plants damaged by longicorn beetles, first clean the defecation holes with fresh insect feces with tweezers or grafting knife, then insert 56% aluminum phosphide tablets (divided into 0.2g to 0.3g, one small grain in each hole) or zinc phosphide poison label, and plug other defecation holes with slime. Or use an animal syringe to inject 80% dichlorvos 20 times, 50% fenitrothion 50 times, 50% monocrotophos EC 2ml, and then seal the hole with mud.

5. Oleander, red mulberry, Haitong, white magnolia, blue peach, red leaf plum, pomegranate, mulberry, plum blossom, camellia and other plants are vulnerable to aphids in winter. The nymphs of aphids prick and suck juice on the tender leaves and buds of plants, causing the leaves to turn yellow and curl, and their excreta causes soot disease, affecting growth and ornamental.

Control measures: spraying aldicarb, aphid pine, cis-cypermethrin and other agents.

6. Sweet-scented osmanthus is prone to blight in winter. Sweet-scented osmanthus blight is a harmful leaf, the spot is yellow-brown, grayish brown to gray-white, the edge is black-brown, the shape is nearly round or irregular, and the boundary between the edge and healthy tissue is obvious. When the disease is serious, the disease spots connect with each other to form large withered spots, and the withered area reaches 1-3 to 1-2 of the leaves, the dead parts become brittle, and the leaves curl and fall off easily.

Control measures: spray with carbendazim, carbendazim and benzoate once every 10 days, 2 to 3 times in a row.

7. Pest control of paulownia plants: spraying pesticides such as imidacloprid and imidacloprid.

(2) Prevention and control of overwintering diseases and insect pests

The diseases and pests are concentrated in the overwintering place of the dormant period and in the early spring, and the insect age is the same, and it is the weakest period of the year, so it is convenient for centralized control. The plant enters the dormant period, the drug resistance is strong, the plant branch and leaf after winter pruning is less, the permeability is strong, the spraying is easy to be uniform and thoughtful, which not only saves the medicine but also has good effect. Therefore, making use of the favorable opportunity of winter and early spring to carry out comprehensive chemical control of garden plants has the best effect. Specific prevention and control measures are as follows:

In the later stage of plant dormancy, ⑴ sprayed 150-250 times of crystal stone sulfur mixture and 30-50 times of scale-killing oil emulsion. Adding 1500-2000 times liquid of organophosphorus pesticide to the oil emulsion can obviously improve the control effect of diseases and insect pests.

The application of carbofuran, tienac and other pesticides in the roots of ⑵ has a good effect on reducing the overwintering source of underground pests, stem borer and piercing pests and the harm of the following year.

December

December: low temperature, start winter maintenance work.

1. Winter pruning: pruning some evergreen trees and shrubs.

2. Eliminate overwintering diseases and insect pests.

3. Prepare for the adjustment work next year: after the deciduous plants have fallen leaves, observe the conservation area and draw the orientation to be adjusted.