Key points of Wealth Tree cultivation and Pest Control in Cangzhou City, Hebei Province

How to plant a rich tree? The rich tree can also be called Guachi, which originated in Central America. The rich tree likes a warm, humid, sunny or slightly cool environment. Now many families have planting, rich trees are of great ornamental value, those who want to plant can take a look at this article on the planting technology of rich trees in Cangzhou, Hebei Province as an example.

1 main points of cultivation

1.1 temperature

The most suitable temperature for the growth of rich trees is 20 ℃ ~ 30 ℃. The lowest temperature in winter should be kept between 18 ℃ ~ 20 ℃. When the temperature is lower than 10 ℃, the rich trees will suffer frost injury. Therefore, rich trees should pay attention to heat preservation in winter.

1.2 Lighting

Rich tree is a strong positive plant, like the sun exposure, but to avoid exposure. The shade tolerance of the rich tree is also strong, and it can be placed for up to 4 weeks in an indoor environment with weak light.

1.3 moisture

Rich trees like a humid environment, especially in the summer high temperature growth period to have sufficient water, watering every day, but avoid stagnant water in the basin. In order to create a small environment with high air humidity, you can often spray water to the leaf surface and the surrounding environment. But it has strong drought tolerance. Watering should be reduced if the temperature is low in winter, once a week.

1.4 soil and fertilizer management

The rich tree is a fertilizer-loving plant, which requires sufficient base fertilizer. Change the basin soil once a year, and gradually increase the diameter of the basin, at the same time to add base fertilizer. The nutritious soil can be made from garden soil, sawdust, river sand and sifted coal cinder according to 5 ∶ 2 ∶ 2 ∶ 1 plus a small amount of peanut cake powder, bean cake residue or dried sesame paste. At the same time, it should be fertilized twice a month during the growing season. In order to improve the ornamental value and prevent the overgrowth of plants, less nitrogen fertilizer should be applied in the peak growing season.

1.5 pruning

The pruning of the rich tree is mainly to remove the overgrown branches, and the strong branches only leave 3-4 buds at the base, and they can also be trimmed according to their own preferences, and the weak branches should be cut off from the base, while the yellow leaves and the withered leaves along the leaf edges are removed. In order to prevent decay, the pruned branches should not be drenched or sprayed with water, and placed in dark places or in the shade of trees, while watering should be controlled.

2 methods of reproduction

There are four propagation methods of rich tree, which are cutting propagation, sowing propagation, grafting propagation and tissue culture propagation, but cutting propagation and sowing propagation are commonly used in home maintenance.

2.1 Cuttage propagation

In spring and autumn, the old branches with a strong growth length of about 20 cm were removed, leaving only the two leaves at the top of the branches, and all the leaves at the bottom were removed, and then the branches were inserted into vermiculite at a depth of about 15 cm. Put the newly cut wealth tree in a cool and ventilated place, and it will grow new roots after 2 ~ 3 months.

2.2 sowing and propagation

The seeds of the rich tree should not be kept for a long time. After bearing fruit from September to October, the seeds should be removed and sown immediately. When sowing, the potted soil should be watered thoroughly, sprinkled with seeds, sprayed with a spray pot, and then covered with vermiculite with a moisture content of about 80% at 3-4 cm. Put the flowerpot in the shade. Keep the basin soil moist, usually it will sprout after 7 days.

(3) Disease and pest control

3.1 Diseases

The common diseases of rich trees are root rot and leaf blight. The general environment is damp and easy to cause root rot, which can be treated with Pulek or Zinc-Manganese Mendale spray after the attack. Leaf blight mainly occurs at the edge of leaves and can be sprayed with carbendazim, chlorothalonil and other agents after the disease.

3.2 insect pests

Mainly sugarcane moth. Generally, the control is carried out at the beginning of winter, and the method is to spray 3% carbofuran once every 10 days for 2 ~ 3 times in a row to kill the overwintering sugarcane moth larvae.

These are the cultivation techniques of wealth trees. Those who have planted wealth trees at home can take a good look at them. What are their usual deficiencies?

Pest control knowledge of rich trees: common diseases and insect pests and control methods

Disease and pest control knowledge of rich trees

Yellow leaf

First, water yellow: caused by excessive watering, which is characterized by no obvious change in old leaves and yellowing of young leaves, which should be controlled immediately.

Second, dry yellow: caused by lack of water, drought, its characteristic is from bottom to top old leaves first yellow, if the lack of water for a little longer, it will be the whole plant yellow leaves, or even death, should be timely watering.

Third, fat yellow: caused by excessive fertilization or high concentration; characterized by thick, shiny and uneven young leaves; fertilizer, ploughing and watering should be controlled.

Fourth, hungry yellow: caused by insufficient fertilizer, low fertilization concentration, and long interval of fertilization; it is characterized by yellow young leaves and tender stems, and if it is not fertilized in time after seeing this phenomenon, it will also cause yellow leaves and even death of the whole plant; for flowers that lack fertilizer, do not apply a large amount of thick fertilizer at one time, so as not to cause root burning.

Fifth, iron deficiency yellow leaves: woody flowers in greenhouse, etc., due to great changes in soil fertility conditions, yellow leaves often appear, characterized by obvious young leaves, light old leaves, yellow mesophyll, green veins, and forming a typical network; ferrous sulfate solution can be used to solve the problem, the method is as follows: 7 parts of cake fertilizer, 5 parts of ferrous sulfate and 200 parts of water.

Root rot disease

Root rot is a common disease that seriously harms rich trees, also known as rot.

Prevention and cure method

(1) keep the cultivation environment dry and attach importance to the disinfection of cultivation media and sites.

(2) after the semi-finished products are unloaded into the operation shed, the head of the wealth tree is sprayed with Sukeling to prevent the harm of Botrytis cinerea.

(3) cut off the sprained and rotten tissue at the top of the main root with a sharp knife before planting, then spray the wound with Sukeling, and plant it after drying.

(4) after a week of planting, the medium in the basin dries gradually, the healing tissue has been formed, and the new root has begun to grow. It is advisable to spray the smooth rod of the wealth tree with pluck, Anke or zinc and manganese (Redomir-manganese zinc) to flow into the basin soil along the pole. Since then, fungicides have been rotated once a week with Anke, carbendazim, Redomir or carbendazim.

(5) if Pythium is active, it should be sprayed with Pulek, carbendazim, Redomir or Phytophthorin, and the general effect is about two weeks. If the weather is still bad, different chemicals should be sprayed to prevent the development of drug resistance. If festering plants are found during this period, they should be discarded immediately.

Leaf blight

Prevention and cure method

(1) remove the diseased leaves in time and destroy them

(2) the maintenance and management of rich trees should be strengthened in the process of cultivation, timely watering and fertilization, and foliar fertilizer can be applied for 2-3 times in each growing season, such as 0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate or 200 times of double-effect micro-fertilizer.

(3) before the seedlings are transported from the south to the north, protective fungicides are sprayed on the leaves, such as 70% chlorothalonil 800 times, or 18% multi-fungus copper milk powder 200 times, or 50% bacillus 600 times. After being transported to the north, it should be planted in time, strengthen fertilizer and water management, and prevent dehydration and de-fatting. Starting from the rainy season, the cultivation of rich trees in the south can be sprayed with 50% carbendazim every 10-15 days, or 70% chlorothalonil and 1500 times methyl thiophanate.

Insect pest

The main pest of the rich tree is the sugarcane flat moth, which is a new record in China, mainly because the larvae harm the rich tree, as well as poinsettia, flutung, goose palm wood and Hawaiian coconut.

Prevention and control of diseases and insect pests of rich trees

The common diseases of rich trees are root rot and leaf blight.

1. Root (stem) rot, which is a common disease that seriously harms rich trees, also known as rot.

Prevention and control methods: (1) keep the cultivation environment dry and pay attention to the disinfection of cultivation media and sites; (2) after the semi-finished products are unloaded to the operating shed, the head of the rich tree is sprayed with Sukeling to prevent the harm of Botrytis cinerea; (3) cut off the sprained and rotten tissue at the top of the main root with a sharp knife before planting, and then spray the wound with Sukeling, and then plant it after drying. (4) after a week of planting, the medium in the basin dries gradually, the healing tissue has been formed, and the new root has begun to grow. It is advisable to spray the smooth rod of the wealth tree with pluck, Anke or zinc and manganese (Redomir-manganese zinc) to flow into the basin soil along the pole. After that, the fungicides were rotated once a week with Anke, carbendazim, Remicol or Phytophthorin. (5) if Pythium is active, spray it with Prik, carbendazim, Redomir or Phytophthorin, and the general efficacy is about two weeks. If the weather is still bad, different chemicals should be sprayed to prevent the development of drug resistance. If festering plants are found during this period, they should be discarded immediately.

2. Control methods of leaf blight:

(1) diseased leaves should be removed and destroyed in time; (2) maintenance and management should be strengthened in the cultivation of rich trees, timely watering and fertilization, and foliar fertilizer can be applied 2-3 times each growing season, such as 0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate or 200 times of double-effect micro-fertilizer. (3) before the seedlings are transported from the south to the north, protective fungicides are sprayed on the leaves, such as 70% chlorothalonil 800 times, or 18% multi-fungus copper milk powder 200 times, or 50% bacillus 600 times. After being transported to the north, it should be planted in time, strengthen fertilizer and water management, and prevent dehydration and de-fatting. Starting from the rainy season, the cultivation of rich trees in the south can be sprayed with 50% carbendazim every 10-15 days, or 70% chlorothalonil and 1500 times methyl thiophanate. In addition, the main pest is the sugarcane flat moth, which is a new record in China, mainly because the larvae harm the rich tree, as well as poinsettia, flutung, goose palm wood and Hawaiian coconut.