Key points of cultivation Management and Pest Control of Aesculus chinensis in Longnan Mountain area of Huizhou County

Seven-leaf tree can also be called spinulosa tree, Tianshi chestnut, pistachio, monkey chestnut, flowering in April-May, fruit in October. The seven-leaf tree can not only be used for ornamental, but also can be made into a variety of utensils, and the seeds can be directly eaten or used medicinally, and the seeds can be made into soap after pressing oil. In short, there are many uses. So today the editor will talk about the cultivation management and pest control measures of the seven-leaf tree, one of the world's famous ornamental tree species.

1 growth habits

The seven-leaf tree is slightly tolerant to shade and afraid of the hot sun; it likes a warm and humid climate and is more resistant to cold; it has deep roots, long life and weak sprouting power.

2 planting techniques

The main root of the seven-leaf tree is deep and the lateral root is few, which belongs to the tree species that are not tolerant to transplant, and the best time to plant is in early spring or late autumn. In order to improve its survival rate, the planting pit should be dug larger before planting, which is beneficial to plant growth. Do not plant too deep, otherwise it is easy to cause the plant to sprout. After planting, the backfilling depth can be slightly higher than the 3~5cm of the upper epidermis of the soil ball.

3 irrigation

Water thoroughly immediately after planting, the second time in 7 days after planting, the third time in 10 days, and then watering according to soil moisture. The period from July to August is a period of abundant precipitation, with little or no watering, one permeable water each from September to October, and one full frozen water at the end of November or 12 out. The thawing water was fully watered in March of the second year, and the spring dry period was from April to May, so the watering frequency could be increased and the frozen water could be poured at the end of autumn. The third year is watered according to the method of the second year. It should be noted that water should be replenished in time in the dry season, which is conducive to plump crowns and sturdy branches.

4 fertilization

Therefore, sufficient base fertilizer should be applied before planting, and the base fertilizer should be farm manure such as cow and horse manure, rotten leaf fertilizer and so on. In addition to applying base fertilizer during planting, fertilizer should also be applied throughout the growing period. Urea was applied once to 6 plants one year before planting, which made them grow branches and leaves and increase the nutritional area. Applying phosphorus and potassium fertilizer once in August could improve the Lignification degree of new branches of the plant. At the end of autumn, combined with frozen water, apply some semi-rotten fermented leaf fertilizer. In the following year, urea was applied once in April, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer was applied once in the middle of August, and farm manure was applied once at the end of autumn, which was beneficial to accelerate plant growth and make the plant survive the winter safely.

5 shaping and pruning

Reshaping and pruning is carried out every year after falling leaves in winter or before germination in the following spring. Shaping and pruning is mainly based on the principle of keeping the crown beautiful, ventilated and transparent, and remove overdense branches, dry and withered branches, disease and insect branches, inner bore branches, slender branches and poor growth branches, so as to make the branches distribute evenly, grow healthily and form a good crown.

(6) Disease and pest control

The common diseases are shell insects, mulberry longicorn beetles, root rot and so on. For shell insects, 40% omethoate can be sprayed once every 5-7 days, a total of 2-3 times; for mulberry longicorn beetles, adults can be killed manually, larvae can be removed, or 1000-fold solution of cypermethrin microcapsules can be used to control root rot; root rot is mainly caused by stagnant water in tree holes, so drainage should be dredged in time in daily management.

Diseases and insect pests of Aesculus chinensis and their control methods

Main diseases of seven-leaf tree

Types of diseases

The seven-leaf tree is mainly harmful to leaf spot, powdery mildew, anthracnose and sunburn, and can be sprayed with 1000 times of methyl topiramate wettable powder.

Prevention and cure method

Leaf spot, powdery mildew and anthracnose can be sprayed with 1000 times of methyl topiramate wettable powder. Sunburn can whiten the trunk in late autumn or early summer. The formula of whitening agent is as follows: first, 10 parts of quicklime and 2 parts of salt are hydrated with a small amount, then 1 part of sulfur powder and 0.2 part of washing powder are mixed well, then 40 parts of water are added and mixed well.

Sunburn occurs on the trunk in summer. It can be brushed white on the trunk in late autumn or early summer to prevent sunburn. It can also be covered with withered straw or straw at the base of the trunk, which can prevent the occurrence of sunburn.

Main insect pests of Aesculus chinensis

Pest species

Pests are harmful to shell insects, caterpillars and beetles and can be sprayed with 1000 times of phoxim EC.

Prevention and cure method

Diamondback moth: larvae feed on leaves and spray 90% trichlorfon 800 / 1000 times or 15% deltamethrin 4000 / 5000 times in time at the initial stage of pest occurrence, which can achieve good control effect.

Control methods of diseases and insect pests of seven-leaf tree

Aesculus chinensis Bunge: deciduous tree with dark brown or grayish brown bark, branchlets, cylindrical, yellowish brown or grayish brown, with yellowish lenticels. The winter buds are large and resinous. Palmately compound, composed of 5-7 small leaves, dark green above, glabrous, and glabrous below except for the base of the middle rib and lateral veins when young. Inflorescences cylindrical, inflorescence rachis puberulent, florets often composed of 5-10 flowers, flat oblique extension, puberulent. Flowers polygamous, male and bisexual, calyx tubular-campanulate, petals 4, white, oblong-Obovate to oblong-oblanceolate. Fruit globose or Obovate, yellowish brown, unarmed, with very dense spots. The seeds are often 1-2 developed, nearly globose, chestnut brown, and the navel is white, accounting for about 1 big 2 of the seed volume. The flowering period is from April to May and the fruiting period is October.

The seed of Aesculus chinensis is edible, but it tastes bitter and astringent. It needs to be boiled in alkaline water before it can be eaten. It tastes like Chinese chestnut. Starch can also be extracted. Fine wood can make all kinds of utensils, seeds can be used as medicine, and oil can be pressed to make soap. The seven-leaf tree has beautiful shape, beautiful flowers and strange fruit shape. It is a rare tree species for viewing leaves, flowers and fruits, and it is one of the world-famous ornamental tree species.

The main diseases of Buckeye are leaf spot, powdery mildew and anthracnose. Prevention and control method: it can be sprayed with 1000 times solution of 70% methyl topiramate wettable powder. Insect pests are harmful to shell insects, caterpillars and beetles. Prevention and control method: it can be sprayed with 1000 times of phoxim EC.