What are the main points of triangle maple potted plants? Potted Planting Technique of Acer triangularis

The deciduous tree of Acer truncatum, up to 30 meters high, can be planted alone or in clusters on grasslands, or mixed with other trees on hillsides and poolsides, and can be planted as shade trees in gardens in China. Because of its unique ornamental value, the cultivation of triangular maple bonsai is gradually favored by people, such as triangular maple, red maple and so on, so today the editor will talk about the bonsai bonsai technology.

The main results are as follows: (1) transplanting: the young trees of Acer truncatum with strong growth and no diseases and insect pests are selected as transplanting seedlings, the seedling height of young trees should not exceed 60cm, and the transplanting time should be in late winter or early spring.

(2) the production of bonsai cultivation soil: choose an open pot container and lay the bottom of the container with a mixture of perlite, river sand, peat and rice husk with a height of 1. 4. After laying, it is covered with a layer of fallen leaf debris and rotten leaf soil, and then covered with a plastic film with air holes. Apply base fertilizer to the film and cover the mixture of mountain mud, pond mud and sorghum shell to the height of the container. Then seal the container with a wooden lid, put it in the refrigerator at minus 5 degrees to 0 degrees, prevent for 2-3 hours, then take out and place at room temperature for use. (the mass ratio of perlite, river sand, peat and rice husk is 1: 4: 1: 3; the mass ratio of deciduous leaf debris to rotten leaf soil is 1: 1: 3; the mass ratio of mountain mud, pond mud and sorghum shell is 2:2:1. The base fertilizer consists of 25% soybean fertilizer, 30% green fertilizer, 20% nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer, 15% cooked feces, 3% trace elements, 1% microbial fermentative bacteria and surplus eggshell powder; trace elements are a mixture of iron, calcium, cobalt, zinc and selenium with a mass ratio of 1 to 1; and the humidity of mountain mud and pond mud is 45%.

(3) pot treatment: the bonsai cultivation soil prepared in step (2) was filled with moist river sand mixed with dwarf, paclobutrazol and coconut shell activated carbon to 5cm along the mouth of the basin, and the bonsai cultivation soil was disinfected one day before planting, and the planting time was 2 months. Prune the branches and roots of the seedlings before planting, and pour enough water after planting to keep the surface soil moist.

(4) pruning by stages: young plants should be topped and heart-picked, so as to promote the growth of lateral branches. In early summer, cut off the main trunk of 1Compact 3 and prune the branches when they grow more than 20cm. After pruning, plant growth retarders should be applied to the wound. At the same time, it is necessary to prune the trailing branches in time to keep them tall and beautiful, dense and dense. (in which the plant growth retarder is 0. 3% butyrylhydrazide and hydrogen peroxide with a mass ratio of 2:5).

(5) Fertilizer and water management: Acer truncatum potted plants should be watered frequently to keep the potted soil moist. At the same time, organic fertilizer was applied once before sprouting in spring and before leaf spreading, no fertilizer was applied in autumn, and liquid compound fertilizer was applied once in winter. Among them, 2% trace elements are added to the liquid organic fertilizer, and the content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer in the liquid compound fertilizer is not less than 30%. ).

(6) temperature and light management: the suitable temperature for potted growth of Maple Triangulata is 30 degrees, with full sunshine in winter and half sunshine in summer.

You have all the knowledge of triangular maple bonsai.

Triangular maple, as soon as we look at the name, we know that it must be a maple tree shaped like a triangle, and there are many humorous netizens who say that triangular maple looks like a duck's paw, which is indeed very similar, so the name duck maple was born. The stem of triangular maple is stout, feeling is old, there is a story of the plant, experienced a lot of wind and frost feeling. Because the shape of its story has attracted the attention of many friends, how to plant and maintain the three-horn maple bonsai? Don't worry, I'll tell you right away.

Transplanting and pile cutting

Triangulum maple has strong bud power and fast rooting, and it is best when the leaves turn red to yellow in November in the Gregorian calendar to Ching Ming Festival in the coming year. At this time, the stump management is relatively easy, the out-of-season transplanting survival rate is higher, and the relative management is relatively cumbersome. The same is to require a humid environment, reasonable soil structure, reasonable light and so on.

The transplanting pile should be carefully analyzed before transplanting, the root plate is good, the excessive ideal, the wild interest is natural, and the growth is prosperous. According to the size of the root plate, dig far away from the root plate, retain the root system as far as possible, and the space left by the first cut pile should be large and conservative. It is inevitable to hurt the roots and branches in the transportation, and then cut off the pile according to the idea in mind when you get home. The purchase of piles from other places takes a long time to transport, and it should be the same. The cut pile is still not fully in place, leaving one or two more bud points than expected, because the position of the stump bud point is not obvious, the first bud is likely to die during the long winter, so it is necessary to retain one or two more bud points. Thick root, old root in place at one time, try to keep the young root with thick fingers, its ability to send fine roots is strong, and the survival and germination depends on it.

After cutting off the root pole, we should do some treatment to the cut, find a sharp chisel to repair the wound, in order to be too natural, eliminate the traces in the artificial saw, and the thick root cut should also be cut flat. Apply healing agent or white glue to the repaired wound once or twice, and apply sticky tin paper to the wound after it dries naturally. Practice has proved that the speed of wound healing is greatly improved after sticking tin bowl paper. this method can also be used in other tree species, and the effect is very obvious. After thick root trimming, apply erythromycin ointment, the purpose is to prevent coarse root section is large, easy to infect bacteria, after coating has a protective effect, relatively early rooting.

Root treatment in place is very important for survival and growth rate. I hope everyone will not find it troublesome and do the work well, so as to lay a solid foundation for future training.

Planting and maintenance

Planting methods are potted, planted on the ground, and built with bricks to build ponds. All kinds of planting methods have their own characteristics, and each person's situation is different and should be treated separately.

Choose some dry and fine river sand, you can use enough perlite instead, some dry garden soil or rotten leaf soil, a small amount of coarse river sand to be used. What needs to be explained here is that the soil varies from place to place, and the key is to keep loose, breathable and permeate quickly after the ratio is good. Because the triangular maple is lax on the soil structure, generally non-sticky soil, non-consolidated soil can be completely.

There are many people living in buildings in the city, generally choose pots, unformed application of large pots, deep pot planting, in practice, large potted Acer truncatum, the growth rate is relatively ideal. In 2007, I made an experiment, selected reasonable soil, water and fertilizer management in place. The diameter of the new apical branch is 2.7 cm in the first year, and the lateral branch ranges from 1.5 cm to 2.5 cm. This data does not fully explain anything, but it is certain that urban building residents can also start from the tree embryo, and small and medium-sized potted maple maple can basically take shape after 3-5 years.

Potted with tiles or gauze to shake the pot hole, with prepared coarse sand layer, thickness according to the depth of the basin flexible control. Then lay a layer of semi-uniform mixed soil of fine river sand and pastoral soil, put on the treated tree stump, set the angle, and fill the root space with mixed soil. What should be paid attention to in this link is to use dry mixed soil to fully contact the input between the root and the root, and slowly poke it with a bamboo stick to avoid holes. The soil is buried to the original exposed position a little deeper, but there should be 1-2 cm of space from the basin surface to prevent the soil from being too high, resulting in the loss of water and fertilizer in the future.

At this time, pour the root water once, and pour it thoroughly. In winter, pot culture needs to be bagged for heat preservation and moisturization. it should be checked once in a few days. before sprouting, the soil needs very little water, so it can be moist. After the new buds are sent out, you should go to the bag and spray water on the pile body 3-5 times a day. The soil remains normal and moist. Some friends asked me how to water it. To put it simply, some of the soil surface is white and can be watered. Acer truncatum needs a lot of water, and once a day for pots after normal growth, it is the same on cloudy days in summer, except on rainy days. Often spray foliar water, the water-deficient maple grows slowly and the branches are weak.

Those with exuberant growth should try fertilizer at the end of May. It is better to apply liquid fertilizer in potted plants, and there are many kinds of fertilizers. Choose organic fertilizer to mix with water 10 times, choose to water several times in each pot in the evening, and water once in the next morning. In the whole growth period every 10-15 days, combined with weeding, loosen the soil, I believe that the growth must be very exuberant. Potted plants should pay attention to reasonable soil structure, light, water and fertilizer, large pots must change soil for 2 years, and small pots must change soil and trim roots every year is the premise to ensure rapid growth.

The cultivation of bonsai is like an addition to the wings of a tiger for friends who have land. it is best to choose higher terrain, flat land and half-sand and half-soil soil. After loosening the soil, the method of digging hole is the same as that of potted plants, and the management is also the same, but the growth rate is better than that of potted plants, and the amount of watering decreases obviously. The difference is that the small and medium-sized piles are underground, which is not convenient for future pruning, the bottom branches are too close to the ground, and the ventilation conditions are slightly poor, so they can not cultivate cliff-type bonsai, so it is easy to spray on the branches when herbicides are needed, causing drug damage. Ground and potted plants have their own advantages, and measures should be taken in accordance with local conditions.

At present, in addition to potted plants and ground plants, there is another way to use more. The brick pond planting method fully absorbs the advantages of the former two, and avoids the disadvantages. For friends who have land, the value of this method is promoted.

Build a pool on the flat ground with standard bricks, the size of which depends on the size of the pile foundation by more than half, and the height depends on the height of the pile, generally 40-60 cm. It is best to leave a space of 2 meters around the brick pool and another pile pool. The bottom of the pile pool can put more fertile soil, and those with pond mud or farm manure can be put on some, a layer of culture soil can be put in the middle, and the soil of the upper pile should be mixed with sand, and the middle and lower soil should be poked before planting. Avoid sinking after planting the pile, so that the angle of the pile is changed.

The advantages of the brick planting method are shown in the following aspects:

1 the new pile will not have the foundation water in this method, and of course the old pile will not need the foundation water either.

2 compared with planting directly, it increases the height, is easy to observe, and can be taken more accurately when pruning.

3 is also because of the increase in height, good ventilation, good light, the bottom branches can be better light and heat, the growth rate will be faster.

4 when spraying herbicide, it will not be sprayed on the tree stump, and when planting on the ground, the lower branch of the pile is often too close to the ground, so the herbicide will inevitably be sprayed on the tree branch.

5 planting roots to manually pick the soil, with this method is not necessary, as long as take off a layer of standard brick, a long time naturally exposed, one layer is not enough to take two layers.

6 in practice, it is found that the root of the pile grows around first, and then grows down when it touches the brick, so it does not affect the beauty of the root in the future.

Disadvantages:

1 to increase the cost, a standard brick costs more than 20 cents. For the first time, a medium-sized stump requires an additional cost of 20 yuan and can be used repeatedly for several years.

In the first year, the water should be watered more than the ground planting, and when the root grows to the ground, it will be exactly the same as the ground planting.

The advantages outweigh the disadvantages or the promotion and application of the value.

Pruning and pruning

The normal growth of the pile into the late May branch is about one meter long, at this time according to the later modeling needs can be fixed branches. Before setting branches, you should carefully observe, conceive, speculate more, ask more friends for reference, cut off branches that are absolutely useless, and then set branches from bottom to top step by step. Because the triangular maple grows fast and the branches grow straight upward, the lateral branches that need to be long need to be pulled artificially with aluminum wire or rope to the ideal angle. after the branches change their angles, the tip of the branches will be fixed upward with bamboo sticks, and the branches will droop or grow slowly laterally, which is related to the top advantage of the plant. It is a rainy day in June, and strong winds and heavy rains occur from time to time. The new branches are already nearly one centimeter thick at this time, but they are not yet completely lignified. It is very likely that the branches will be broken by the strong wind, so they need to be fixed and strengthened with wood and bamboo. Can be combined with fixed branches to complete.

The useless branches and buds should be cut off regularly, concentrate on nutrition to supply the needed branches, and the missing branches can be connected. Acer truncatum can heal quickly, only need to peel the mother pile, lean on the new branches, tie them tightly, and heal together in a month. through the growth of one year, the mother branch can be cut off the next year. For those who lack roots, you can also use the same method to find some small old trees to connect.

Acer truncatum is an opposite bud, which will grow two opposite branches when it is cultivated. At this time, one should be removed as early as possible. If the time is long, a big belly branch will occur, which will affect the appearance. After the roughness reaches the expected range after a growing season, it should be cut short, and those with insufficient roughness should continue to be stocked. If a branch reaches coarseness in the growing season, it can be controlled and thickened by topping, and the coming spring pruning will be in place. In this way, the possibility of losing branches due to the imbalance of tree potential is avoided. Many friends like to prune a lot of fallen leaves, but in fact, this is inappropriate. To the climate of southern Anhui, winter is still relatively cold, after frostbite sprouting is not in place, we need to re-cultivate, increase the training time, if there is a greenhouse, it is a different matter.

Off-season transplanting and management of weak piles

Piles with better root system can be cultivated outdoors in normal season, and grow better without shade. Piles bought or dug in off-season should be taken seriously. When the temperature rises after the middle of April, the branch growth has already begun. At this time, the pile dug back will be soaked in water with rooting powder for one night, exposing a little branch to breathe outside. On the second day, according to the usual cut pile treatment, the root was coated with rooting powder mixed with yellow mud, and the pile was planted with fine sand. The pile was buried deeper than usual, up to more than half of the pile, keeping the sand moist, and using 90% shade net to cover the cane. The frequency of spraying water should be increased, and all the new branches should be retained. According to the time of picking piles, the branches can be fixed in mid-late August or in the coming year.

For those whose growth is very weak, we should stop pruning and fertilizing. Before May, we should have the shade of sugarcane, spray more water, do not apply fertilizer, the soil can have a sense of wetness, we can irrigate rooting water, and we can buy some garden maintenance solution under certain conditions, which is believed to be of some help to the growth and root recovery.

After watching the breeding knowledge of Acer truncatum, there must be many friends who have potted maple plants at home and got some help. Potted plants must be more patient with small plants than big ones, because small things can only be raised well with care, and they are not as drought-resistant and waterlogged as big trees. Triangular maple has its unique elegant demeanor, Xiaotian is green leaves, autumn is a yellow scenery, early spring will send out buds, scarlet color is very bright. There are stories, friends who like color changes will certainly fall in love with triangular maple bonsai, you can feel the changes of the four seasons through triangular maple.

The difference between bonsai and potted plants

The difference between bonsai and potted plants

Figure 1 Bonsai work title: ancient wood Qingchi tree species: hammer elm stone species: tortoise stone specification: 150cm × 80cm × 100cm author: Zhao Qingquan

Fig. 2 "potted plant" in contemporary Chinese

Fig. 3 Tree species of foreign potted works: triangular maple size: high 45 cm author: Wolfgang Puz (Austria) Photography: Wolfgang Puz

Bonsai (Penjing) is a work of art with plants, stones, water, soil and accessories as materials, through the bonsai creators' use of artistic layout techniques and special horticultural techniques, meticulous processing and careful maintenance, which typically reproduce the charm of nature in the bonsai. It has the aesthetic characteristics of image beauty and artistic conception beauty at the same time. For example, the bonsai work "Ancient Wood Qingchi" by Mr. Zhao Qingquan consists of several hammer elms of different sizes, a few stubborn stones covered with mottles, a fertile soil covered with moss, a crystal clear pool water and a white shallow water basin as materials to form a natural beauty of the waterside jungle. The branches of the main tree are stout and twisted, which is more vigorous and simple against the backdrop of many young trees. The undulating shoreline and the dots on the right basin reflect the clarity of the pool water. At this time, look at the title of the work, the author's creative intention is instantly revealed-this work is to show the ancient wood amorous feelings of the clear pool! At this point, the beauty of image and artistic conception of the work has been completely released. The word "bonsai" first appeared in the book "rough talk on style and objects" written by Su Shi, a writer in the Song Dynasty, and has been used for more than 900 years. Previously, bonsai was called "potted pond", "potted flower", "potted grass", "potted plant" and so on. Bonsai is the artistic crystallization of Chinese traditional culture. While the Japanese accepted a large number of Chinese culture in the Tang Dynasty, they also introduced and carried forward the bonsai art that was popular in China at that time. Perhaps the more popular name of Chinese bonsai at that time was "bonsai", so Japanese bonsai was called "bonsai". At the beginning of the 20th century, people in Europe, North America, Latin America, Oceania, Africa and other regions began to become interested in bonsai, and frequently invited Japanese bonsai artists to teach bonsai techniques in various places, so they followed the Japanese bonsai modeling, classification and language, also known as "bonsai", and named it "Bonsai" according to Japanese pronunciation. Nowadays, with the evolution of bonsai culture for thousands of years, in our country, people have selected the word "bonsai" from such complicated names as "bonsai", "potted flowers", "potted trees", "potted flowers and trees", "potted plants", "potted trees" and so on, as the proper nouns of this art form. At the same time, the word "potted plant" is defined as another art form in contemporary Chinese, that is, plants are only planted in the pot without any styling treatment, thus turning the appreciation object into simple plant stems, leaves, flowers, fruits, etc., rather than the natural scenery with artistic conception embodied in bonsai. This art form, in the early days of the founding of the people's Republic of China, is also called potted plant. However, in Japan and the countries and regions affected by its bonsai culture, "bonsai" neither refers to what we call "bonsai" or what we now call "bonsai", but refers to artworks that have been treated artistically and represent a variety of wonderful trees in nature, which is equivalent to the bonsai of trees in our country, but the two are not exactly the same. The bonsai of trees in China comes from nature and is higher than nature. it not only appreciates the image beauty of trees, but also evokes the ideological resonance of viewers through the realm and sentiment expressed by the image, so as to enter the appreciation level of the beauty of artistic conception of the works. Therefore, Chinese bonsai works are generally given titles, summarize the artistic conception characteristics of the works, express the theme, so that the viewer, as the name implies, feel for the scenery. However, foreign potted works generally only indicate the tree species, specifications and objective information such as the author (or collector), without title. Figure 3, for example, shows a beautiful triangular maple attached to rocks by Wolfgang Puz, an Austrian potted writer. It is only to show the beauty of its tree posture, and there is no humanistic (spiritual) consideration. China's stone bonsai, generally through the shape of mountains and rocks, tree roots and tree posture to convey to the world the praise of tenacious life, full of humanistic flavor. In Japan and some countries, there is also an art style called "Suiseki". Stones to be taken out of mountains or riverbeds are made into the shape of mountains and rivers and placed in a Scion filled with water or sand. This style is equivalent to the landscape bonsai of our country. Therefore, what we Chinese call Penjing should include foreign Bonsai and Suiseki art forms, while in contemporary Chinese, bonsai (potted plant) includes bonsai (Penjing).