How to cultivate Taxus mairei

✤

Taxus mairei is a plant type of Arbor family, this kind of tree is very tall, can reach 20 meters or more, the DBH can reach 1 meter, the bark is reddish brown and has shallow cracks, the branches of Taxus mairei are spreading or obliquely erect, and densely growing, its branchlets have persistent bud scales at the base and the annual branches are green, and the yew branches of 2 ~ 3 years old are reddish brown and yellowish brown after autumn. The winter buds are yellowish brown and the bud scales are acuminate at the apex, with longitudinal ridges on the back.

Taxus mairei is suitable for growing in acid soil with cold and humid climate, and is often scattered in the woods. Taxus mairei is a kind of negative tree with slow growth and shallow roots, but its lateral roots are more developed. It likes to grow in moist soil rich in organic matter and is resistant to cold, and it grows better in places with high air humidity. at the same time, Taxus mairei also likes shade, likes fertilizer and is afraid of drought. Plants that are afraid of flooding and high temperature can tolerate a low temperature of-42 ℃ during dormancy without freezing damage. If the summer temperature exceeds 30 ℃, the growth will slow down, and if the temperature continues to rise, it will stop growing.

✤ how to cultivate and cultivate Taxus mairei 1. Choose the planting area. Taxus mairei is suitable for living in some mountain shady slopes and sparse woodlands. Breeding this plant requires moist, fertile and loose soil, preferably sandy loam with good drainage, marshland, clay and dry highlands. Taxus mairei is not suitable for planting. On the nursery land, we should choose sandy loam with loose and fertile soil, which is close to the water source. If there is shaded land, it is better to apply fertilizer. Finally, ploughing 25cm deep, leveling the rake fine to make a bed 1cm 1.2m wide and 15cm high and 10cm 15m long to wait for sowing. Second, the transplanting of seedlings. The seedling age of Taxus chinensis var. mairei transplanting is generally 2 years to 3 years or more. Generally, the seedlings can be planted in Yinshan and peacefully according to the row spacing of about 80cm after growing to 2 to 3 years, and it should be noted that when planting in flat land, sufficient stable fertilizer and appropriate amount of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other inorganic fertilizers should be applied in the seedling pit, and it is best to soak and disinfect with carbendazim solution before planting.

Third, field management and maintenance. ⑴ moisture condition. If the cultivation of Taxus mairei is in the field, the irrigation method is mainly sprinkler irrigation and the amount of irrigation needs to be controlled. in order to ensure that the soil is not hardened and irrigation is uniform, hole irrigation is generally used in the cultivation of Taxus mairei in the forest. the seedlings need more water in the fast-growing period, and special attention should be paid to drought in the seedling stage, and attention should be paid to the continuity of irrigation water. After topdressing, water should be released immediately and the time of irrigation should be in the morning or evening, because the difference between evaporation and water temperature and ground temperature is relatively small. ⑵ weeding and fertilization. The seedling field of Taxus mairei needs to remove weeds in time to prevent weeds from hindering the water, nutrients and light conditions needed for the growth of Taxus mairei, so that the seedlings of Taxus chinensis var. mairei can grow healthily and have developed roots, and considering that Taxus mairei is a medicinal tree species and has great medicinal value, herbicides should be used cautiously when weeding, and it is best to use artificial weeding in order not to damage its value. The fertilization of Taxus chinensis var. mairei is mainly soil topdressing, and fertilization should be carried out according to soil fertility before field planting. Conclusion: the northern yew not only has a very high medicinal value, but also has a very high ornamental value, which is an incomparable advantage over other yew varieties. this kind of yew has many lateral branches, red branches and green leaves, and the plant shape is delicate and beautiful. the red beans are also very colorful, much like the Acacia beans in the south, so they are very beautiful for making rare ornamental potted plants and planting and decorating in the courtyard. The above is the editor to bring you a brief introduction on how to cultivate Taxus mairei. I hope it can be helpful to my friends.

Bonsai culture of Taxus mairei points for attention

Taxus is evergreen all the year round, precious and elegant, especially shade-resistant, so it is very suitable to be placed indoors for a long time. Put several pots of yew in the room, which can not only reflect the host's nobility and aesthetic consciousness, but also decorate the elegance of the room. What is the method of yew bonsai culture, and what do you need to pay attention to in the process of breeding? The following editor will introduce the cultivation methods of yew bonsai for you!

Brief introduction of Taxus chinensis

Taxus is an evergreen tree with an erect trunk. Because of its beautiful plant shape and thick green leaves, the yew is used to make bonsai and has a good effect. In the place of origin it can grow to 20 meters high, but potted plants are generally controlled at 1 to 3 meters, or even shorter, and the epidermis of roots, branches and stems are reddish brown. Taxus likes cool climate, can withstand the lowest low temperature below minus 30 degrees Celsius, and has super cold resistance. The most suitable temperature for the growth of yew is 20 Mel and 25 degrees Celsius, and the most suitable soil is sandpaper soil with good drainage.

Bonsai Culture of Taxus mairei

1. Change the basin: after two years of planting the yew bonsai, the seedlings gradually grow and the root system is more developed. the original flowerpot can not meet the needs of growth, so it must be cultivated in a large pot. when transplanting, it is best to break the old pot and not to damage the original soil ball. slowly move it into the new pot and water it to fix the root. The yew bonsai should choose a slightly larger flowerpot and make more holes in the lower part of the pot to enhance the water permeability and air permeability of the flowerpot.

2. Soil: the soil quality of yew planting should be loose, rich in humus, fertile, slightly acidic soil (between PH=5~6.5). Loam is the best, and peat soil and perlite can also be mixed with loam to form a mixed cultivation medium. If the potted soil is slightly hardened, the topsoil of the yew bonsai should be loosened in time.

3, illumination: the yew likes shade and is resistant to drought, should be placed indoors, shaded properly in summer, cannot be placed in the room with western sunshine, and should not be placed in the air conditioning outlet or next to the heating, which will make the leaves of the yew evaporate and cause the branches and leaves to be dehydrated. Finally, the leaves curled and dried up.

4. Watering: the yew should be watered appropriately, and the watering times depend on the dryness and wetness of the soil. Yew basin soil surface appears slightly yellow and white, the leaves are slightly curled, do not need watering, as long as the yew leaf surface can be sprayed. When the soil turns white, the yew bonsai should be watered. Pay attention to watering thoroughly at one time, so that yew bonsai fully absorb enough water. Watering should be thoroughly watered so that the basin soil absorbs enough water. Watering too much and too often will rot the roots of the yew, and long-term drought and lack of water is not conducive to the growth of the yew.

5. Fertilization: the prepared nutrient soil has been used in the newly purchased yew bonsai, and there is no need to apply fertilizer within 3 months, and then it can be fertilized every 2 to 3 months. Taxus is not suitable to apply chemical fertilizer, and cake fertilizer is the best fertilizer. Attention should be paid to operating along the edge of the basin when applying fertilizer to avoid touching the bonsai root.

6. Pruning: the newly purchased yew bonsai will cause damage to part of the root system when transplanting from the planting base to the flowerpot, thus making the nutrient supply between the root and branches out of balance. When the leaves still curl and dry in the potted soil, it is best to prune the bonsai branches and leaves properly in order to reduce the excessive consumption of nutrients by branches and leaves and restore root growth. Trimming can be arbitrarily shaped to trim it into umbrella-shaped, tower-shaped, circular and other shapes.

7. Diseases and insect pests: in high temperature and dry season, leaf blight and red blight will occur in individual young yew trees, which can be controlled by spraying 1% Bordeaux solution.

Matters needing attention in bonsai culture of Taxus

1. The newly purchased yew bonsai had better spray 1000 times potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution on the leaves every three or four days, usually before 10: 00 in the morning, or around 4: 00 in the afternoon, after spraying three to four times in a row, gradually reduced to about once a month.

2. The climate in the north is dry and there is little rain. It can be watered when the soil surface is dry. Pay attention to watering thoroughly at one time, especially in summer. When the air is dry in the north, the leaf surface is easy to droop due to lack of water, and when the leaf surface is not full, you need to spray water from the bottom up with a small spray can (you can spray it every day in summer).

3, summer should be properly shaded, the price of yew should not be kept warm at minus 20 degrees Celsius in winter, but it should not be watered during hibernation (from the beginning of December to the end of February of the following year).

4. The yew bonsai should not be irrigated with tea water, especially the water quality in Beijing is hard and the alkali content is high, so the water must be used for watering and spraying after one day.

5. In central China, the yew growing season is from the beginning of April to the end of October every year. During this period, it is watered outdoors every 15 to 20 days, and indoors every 20 to 25 days.

6. Too much watering of the yew will cause the yew roots to rot and lead to death. Especially when Rain Water is big in summer, the outdoor display should discharge the excess Rain Water in time to prevent the yew from soaking in the water for a long time.

Culture and cultivation techniques of Taxus mairei

Taxus is the general name of the plant of the genus Taxus. There are about 11 species of the genus, distributed in the Northern Hemisphere. There are 4 species and 1 variety in China.

Taxus is a shallow root plant. Its main root is not obvious and its lateral root is well developed. it is recognized as a natural rare anticancer plant on the verge of extinction in the world. It is an ancient relict tree species left over from Quaternary glaciers and has a history of 2.5 million years on the earth. Due to the slow growth rate and poor regeneration ability of Taxus under natural conditions, there has been no large-scale yew raw material forest base in the world for a long time.

Culture and cultivation techniques of Taxus mairei 1. The seedling bed is prepared to be surrounded by bricks to form a seedbed with a width of 1.2m and a high 20cm. The bed is paved with perlite and irrigated to make it fully expand. In the north, due to the low temperature, the germination period of trees is later than that in the south, and the growth period is shorter than that in the south. Where there are conditions, it is best to prepare a greenhouse with adjustable temperature and humidity control, while in the south, a shading shed can be built directly on the nursery, with a height of about 2m. 2. According to the length of branches, cuttings are divided into three grades: I grade 16 cm, Ⅱ grade 10-15cm, Ⅲ level 5-9cm. Tie 50 ear strips of the same grade into bundles and place them in a shady place. 3. 1-2 days before cutting, the seedling bed was evenly drenched with 2 ‰-3 ‰ potassium permanganate solution. When cutting, if the nursery bed is dry, pour the seedbed thoroughly (in order to fix the seedlings tightly). Before cutting, put bundles of 3-5cm at the base of the spike in 3 ‰-4 ‰ metalaxyl solution, and then dip it in the rooting powder prepared before cutting. The cutting depth is 1 4cm 3-1 beat 2 with the length of panicle, and the row spacing is 3-3 × 6-7cm. 4. Management 4.1 Fertilizer management alternately sprays 0.2% urea and 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate (that is, 50kg water plus 0.1kg or 1 sprayer water plus 32g) with an interval of 7-10 days, which can be combined with spraying. Fertilizer precautions: (1) to spray on the leaf surface. (2) Urea should be dissolved in a small amount of water and then diluted. (3) in case of rainy days, the fertilization time should be extended smoothly, but the interval between the two times should not be less than 7 days. No fertilization should be applied at noon when the sun is too big, usually before 11:00 in the morning or after 4: 00 p.m. 4.2 Water management from cuttage to the end of July (except rainy days), spraying twice a day on sunny days (8:00-11:00, 3:00-6:00) and once a day on cloudy days (2:00-6:00). The leaves of seedling bed should be moist but not dripping by spray. Do not spray water on the day when foliar fertilizer is sprayed, or spray once on a sunny day if it is cloudy the next day (3:00-6:00 in the afternoon). Transplanting 1. The nursery was prepared to dig the nursery land at the end of last year and disinfect it with 1 ‰-3 ‰ potassium permanganate solution. At the beginning of February, the nursery bed was made with a width of 1.2m, a ditch width of 30cm and a ditch depth of 20-25cm. The nursery bed is required to be flat and the soil mass is fine and loose. Before making the bed, dig the drainage ditch according to the slope direction and current direction of the mountain. 2. The seedlings should be treated with pulp root before transplanting. Treatment method: prepare ABT rooting powder into 50mg/kg solution, add carbendazim in the proportion of 3 ‰, fully mix with the solution, and then add clay (15% of the weight of 20%), and mix the solution into low concentration mud. Before planting, dip the root system of the seedling in the mud before planting. 3. Row spacing: 15cm × 20cm, 20cm × 30cm, Ⅱ, Ⅲ 8-10cm × 15cm. When planting, it is necessary to dig a small trench to arrange the planting, and the planting depth is the height of the seedling. It is required that the root of the seedling is comfortable and the tightness is moderate. The depth of planting seedlings in autumn is more than 1 stroke 2, especially the compactness of seedlings is strictly required. Root water should be irrigated immediately after planting. 4. Operation and management 4.1 Fertilizer and root fertilizer: (1) 10% clear dung water was applied on April 20 and April 30; (2) 20% clear fecal water and 0.5% urea were applied on May 15 and May 30; (3) 30% clear fecal water and 0.5% urea were applied on June 15, June 30, July 15 and July 30. Leaf fertilizer: 0.2% urea and 0.2% potassium dihydrogen phosphate (i.e. 50kg plus 0.1kg or 1 sprayer water plus 32g) were sprayed alternately from May 1st, once every 7-10 days. 4.2 Water content Taxus mairei seedlings have strict requirements for water, and the soil should always be kept moist in order to facilitate the growth of seedlings. However, too much water will cause root rot of seedlings, so reasonable drainage ditches should be planned in low-lying areas. In case of drought or water shortage, water should be replenished in time. 4.3 the measures of forest management should loosen the soil and weed in time, which can also be combined with the application of root fertilizer. May-September is the peak season for weed growth, according to the weed growth situation to determine a reasonable number of weeding times, time, the general principle is to remove early, small, except. The seedlings should not be damaged when weeding, and the seedlings that are skewed and lodged should be corrected. After loosening the soil and weeding, the root water should be poured thoroughly in time. While loosening the soil and weeding, the drainage ditch should be cleared and dredged. 4.4 Preventive application of methamidophos, methamidophos or methamidophos from April to May, according to the product instructions; continuous application of carbendazim or dimethophos from late April to early May (the interval is 10 days), if the disease has occurred, it should be applied in time. Attention should be paid to the safety of people, animals and seedlings in the use of pesticides. Dead plants should be pulled out in time. 1. The afforestation land selects the middle and lower part of the hillside, the foot of the slope, the groove, the shady slope or the semi-shady and semi-sunny slope, the slope is less than 35 °, the soil pH value is 4.5-7.0, the soil layer is deep and fertile, the soil is moist and well drained, the land of sandy soil, light soil or medium soil is used as forest land. The young plantation with canopy density less than 0.4 can also be used as afforestation land. Because the land of returning farmland to forest is gentle and crops have been planted for many years, the diseases and insect pests are more serious. Before afforestation, the soil should be disinfected and reasonable parts should be selected to dig drainage ditches. 2. Land preparation banded, burrowed, trenched or completely reclaimed. The size of the acupoint is 40cm × 40cm × 30cm, and the row spacing is 80cm × 80cm, 60cm × 60cm, 60cm × 100cm (Hengshan × Shunshan). The land with gentle topography and high soil fertility should be banded, trenched or fully reclaimed, with high density, while barren hills and wasteland should be burrowed with low density. According to the canopy density and the distribution of trees for afforestation under the young forest, burrowing soil preparation is adopted in the forest glade. 3. At the same time of soil preparation with base fertilizer, the type and application amount of base fertilizer are determined according to the soil conditions of forest land. Generally, 250g calcium superphosphate is applied to each hole, and farm manure such as human and animal manure can also be applied in areas where conditions permit. Fertilization method: after the hole or trench is dug to a suitable size and depth, the topsoil is backfilled to the depth of the hole, and then the base fertilizer is applied and mixed evenly with it. Finally, the topsoil is backfilled to make the hole in the shape of steamed bread or ditch in the shape of bulge. 4. The planting time is generally from February to April in spring and from September to November in autumn. Before planting seedlings, soak the seedling roots in the mud solution of the ABT rooting powder belt of 50mg/kg, dig the filled holes or ditches, plant the seedlings in the holes, backfill 10-15cm, lift the seedlings, stretch the seedlings roots, hold the middle and lower parts of the seedlings by hand, use the square feet, and then backfill to the appropriate position and cultivate the seedlings. Watering root water in time after planting. 5. Guanli was caressed once in May-June and August-September, and once with knife in July. Put weeds and stones under the seedling or on the edge of the platform. When hoing and caressing, we should cultivate the soil and expand the holes of the seedlings, so that the forest land of hole-like land preparation should be connected into a belt or a small belt as far as possible. Topdressing can be applied in the middle and late April. Afforestation with 2-year-old seedlings, 0.5% urea water agent was used in the same year, combined with fertilization after weeding; seedlings of more than 3 years old were directly applied urea with 50-100g/ holes in the same year. After that, calcium superphosphate 250g/ acupoints were added every other year. The method is as follows: dig a circular ditch with 10-15cm width and 5-10cm depth at the vertical projection of the crown, evenly apply urea into the ditch, and then fill it with soil.