Technical specification for pollution-free cultivation of cucumber in greenhouse

1. Soil selection and tillage 1. Soil selection: choose fields where the previous crops are not melons because of fertile soil and convenient transportation. 2. Ploughing, tanning and disinfection: the cultivated land dissolves and ploughs the field one month before planting, and then prepares the soil after drying. 3. Bed preparation: 3-5 days before planting, the ditch is 30-35 cm deep and 80-85 cm wide, forming a steamed bread border. The ditch should be flat and slightly inclined to facilitate drainage. The border ditch, waist ditch and Zhou ditch should be matched and unobstructed so that they can be irrigated and drained. Second, select disease-resistant varieties and cultivate strong seedlings 1. Selection of improved varieties: select high-quality, high-yield and disease-resistant varieties with good quality, high yield and disease resistance, such as Bomei 201,202 (Tianjin Dreyt seed Co., Ltd.). 2. Seed treatment: soak the seeds in warm water of 50-55 ℃ for 20 minutes before sowing, then soak the seeds in clean water for 5-6 hours, wash and filter dry, accelerate germination to 70% of the seeds and then sow. Coated seeds can be used for direct broadcast. 3. Sowing in time: according to the planting place, geographical conditions and market conditions, the autumn sowing time is arranged from the end of August to the beginning of September. The sowing time in winter and spring is from January 20 to February 20. 4. Cultivate strong seedlings: 6 samples of spring onion and garlic vegetable fields or cooked soil without vegetables, 4 samples of rotten chicken manure or pig manure were selected from nutritious soil, and then screened. Add 0.5 kg of 45% ternary compound fertilizer and 60 g of 50% carbendazim wettable powder per cubic meter. Sow seeds and raise seedlings in a 10 × 10 (cm) nutrition cup. 0.3% urea water was applied once when the seedlings grew to 2 true leaves, and 0.3% urine was applied as marriage fertilizer for 4 true leaves. Seedling age: about 25 days. Measures for cultivation and management of cucumber 1. Application of basic fertilizer: under the condition of medium fertility, 1500 kg of rotten poultry (chicken) manure, 50 kg of superphosphate, 10 kg of potassium sulfate and 50 kg of compound fertilizer were applied per mu, combined with soil preparation. And turn deep into the soil, ridge and adjust the border. 2. Transplanting: 2 rows per row, triangular planting, row spacing of 35 × 75 cm, planting about 2500 plants per mu, watering root water after planting. Cover with black plastic film in winter and spring. 3. Topdressing: after slowing down the seedling for the purpose of promoting root and strong seedling, pay attention to control the overgrowth. At this time, the application of seedling fertilizer, 4 kg of urea per mu, ditching and watering. After entering the fruiting stage, the second topdressing was topdressing 5-10 kg urea and 4-5 kg potassium sulfate according to the seedling condition. 4. Water management; pay attention to timely drainage and irrigation. Irrigation can be combined with fertilizer or when the soil moisture is insufficient, mainly irrigation, must not be stagnant water. 5. Intermediate ploughing and weeding: combined with fertilization and watering, interploughing and weeding should be carried out many times to loosen the soil to promote root development and control overgrowth. 6. Remove foot leaves and withered yellow leaves in time to promote ventilation and reduce the breeding of bacteria. 7. Temperature management: after planting, the ground temperature was kept above 16 ℃, the night temperature was above 14 ℃, and the daily temperature was 25 ℃-32 ℃. Timely ventilation and humidity reduction according to the shed temperature, close the shed and keep warm. Fourth, harvest when the cucumber expands, when it grows to the standard of commercial melon, it will be harvested in time, and the cucumber fruit will be packed according to grade after harvest. Fifth, pest control 1, anthrax: in the initial stage of the disease with 10% difenoconazole 1000 times spray control, or with 40% Fuxing 1500 times spray control. 2. Downy mildew: at the initial stage of the disease, DuPont Kelu 750 times spray was used to control the disease. 3. Bacterial angular spot: at the initial stage of the disease, 1500-fold solution of Longke bacteria was sprayed to control the disease. 4. Epidemic disease: spray prevention and control with 52.5% Yikuangjing 2000 times. 5. Spodoptera litura pests: sprayed with Kangkang 3000 times. 6. Liriomyza huidobrensis: during the larval incubation period, 3000-fold solution of miramine powder was used to control the disease. 7. Aphids: spray 3000 times with 10% imidacloprid powder to control or hang yellow cardboard to trap insects.