Characteristics of Fertilizer requirement of Cucumber and Application of fertilization Technology

According to the characteristics of fertilizer requirement, cucumber is suitable to be cultivated in loose, fertile and permeable soil, heavy soil is not conducive to cucumber root development, and the soil with high organic matter content can balance the contradiction that cucumber root system likes moisture but does not tolerate waterlogging, fertilizer but not fertilizer tolerance. The growth cycle of cucumber can be divided into germination stage, seedling stage, vine stage and flowering and fruiting stage. The nutrient demand of cucumber was small in the early growth stage, and the nutrient uptake increased significantly with the advance of the growth period, and reached the absorption peak at the melon-bearing stage. During the whole growth period, the amount of nitrogen uptake increased continuously and increased sharply in the fruit harvest period. Cucumber is a nitrate-loving crop. When only supplying ammonium nitrogen, the leaves become smaller, the growth is slow, and the absorption of calcium and magnesium decreases. And the physiological obstacle of calcium deficiency often occurs, which reduces the yield. The phosphorus uptake of cucumber was less in the initial stage, but increased in the fruit expansion period and harvest period. Cucumber absorbs the most potassium, followed by nitrogen. The amount of fertilizer applied per mu of cucumber during the whole growth period was 400-450kg of commercial organic fertilizer, 14-18kg of nitrogen fertilizer, 6-8kg of phosphate fertilizer and 9-11kg of potassium fertilizer. Organic fertilizer is used as base fertilizer, nitrogen and potassium fertilizer is divided into base fertilizer and topdressing, each time the amount of topdressing is evenly distributed, phosphate fertilizer is all used as base fertilizer, chemical fertilizer and organic fertilizer are mixed. The commercial organic manure 400-450kg, urea 4-5kg, diammonium phosphate 13-17kg and potassium sulfate 3-4kg were applied per mu. Topdressing in the early melon stage: urea 7-8kg, potassium sulfate 5-6kg per mu in the early melon stage. Topdressing in full bloom period: cucumber has a long fruiting period. With the harvest of cucumber, nutrients are constantly consumed, so it is necessary to keep topdressing to ensure nutrient supply, otherwise cucumber will be premature senescence due to lack of fertilizer, effective harvest time will be shortened, yield will decline. Topdressing can be done once every 10 days or twice according to the harvest situation. In order to promote the expansion of melons and fruits and improve the yield and quality. 1% urea aqueous solution can be sprayed on the leaves during the peak period of external topdressing, 0.5% potassium dihydrogen phosphate can be sprayed on the leaves in order to supplement the deficiency of phosphorus and potassium elements, and trace elements should be added in time when the soil trace elements are insufficient. 0.1% borax or multi-element micro-fertilizer was sprayed on the leaf for 2-3 times.