Skillful cultivation of Cucumber interplanting Momordica charantia in greenhouse

Balsam pear is a heat-resistant crop with few diseases and insect pests. The cultivation of cucumber intercropping balsam pear in solar greenhouse makes full use of the leisure period of greenhouse, improves the utilization rate of greenhouse facilities and improves the economic benefit. Variety selection. Cucumber was grafted with Xintaimi thorn as scion and sunspot pumpkin as rootstock. Balsam pear varieties with strong growth potential, heat resistance and less diseases and insect pests are selected. Raise seedlings. Cucumber seedlings were raised before and after October 15, and the method of root cutting was used. When the cucumber seedling is 3mi 4cm, the cotyledons can be grafted after the cotyledons expand. After that, the cucumber seedlings with broken roots were inserted into a pre-prepared seedbed, and the grafted seedlings should be carefully managed and planted about 20 days after grafting. Balsam pear was sowed and raised around November 10. Before sowing, the seeds were scalded in 60 ℃ warm water for 15 minutes, then soaked in 30 ℃ warm water for 12 hours, then wrapped with gauze, germinated under 30 ℃ conditions, and sowed after 80% of the seeds germinated. Fertilize and prepare the soil. Before planting, 1xue 15 ha was applied 2000,000kg of rotten chicken manure, 100kg of cake fertilizer and 50kg of ternary compound fertilizer. Deep ploughing 30 cm, leveling after north-south ridges, using high ridge cultivation, ridge height of 10ml 15cm. Colonization. When the 4 true leaves of cucumber 3Mel were unfolded, the row spacing was 80 cm, 50 cm and 27 cm, respectively, leaving a row of balsam pear every 4 rows with a row width of 1.2 meters, and balsam pear was planted in the middle of the row. Balsam pear was planted in 4 true leaves with a distance of 40 cm. Temperature management. The greenhouse maintains 25 ℃ 30 ℃ during the day and 15 ℃ at night. In order to increase the cold resistance of the plant, 1% concentration of plant cold resistant agent can be sprayed once after slow seedling, flowering and young fruit stage. Water and fertilizer management. Cucumber after watering slow seedling water to the early stage of root melon harvest, generally do not water, mainly to promote root control seedlings, from the early harvest to the whole peak period of melon, watering should be more, usually once every 15 days, rainy and snowy days and cooling weather, it is better to water around 12:00 in the low temperature season, and it is best to water the well. Balsam pear should not be watered before throwing the vine. As the plant grows, the temperature gradually rises, and the amount of water should be gradually increased. It is better to water the balsam pear every morning and evening in the high temperature season. Generally, every other time clear water, watering and flushing application of compound fertilizer (or human feces and urine), each time every 15 hectares with a fertilizer amount of 10 murmur 15 kg, and pay attention to the application of carbon dioxide gas fertilizer. Plant adjustment. The branching ability of balsam pear is strong, the fruiting rate of female flowers on the main vine decreases with the increase of node position, and the yield mainly depends on the female flowers of nodes 1-4. The pruning method is to maintain the growth of the main vine, and all the side vines less than 1 meter high are removed. After the main vine has grown to a certain height, three robust side vines are left on the shelf together with the main vine. Later, the regenerated side vines, those with melons, and those with melons remain, and those without melons are cut off. Disease control. The main diseases of cucumber are downy mildew, anthracnose and blight, and balsam pear diseases are spot and anthracnose. 52% chlorothalonil smoke agent is used for prevention and control of downy mildew and blight, 250 grams per 15 hectares at a time, or sprayed with 64% poisonous alum 400 times; anthrax is sprayed with 80% anthrax Fumei 800 times solution. Harvest. The harvest period of cucumber is generally from the end of December to late May of the following year, and that of balsam pear from the first ten days of March to the end of October.