Common diseases and insect pests of strawberry and their control

Strawberry is cultivated with plastic film mulching in greenhouse, which is hot and humid in the greenhouse, which creates favorable conditions for the occurrence of diseases and insect pests. The common diseases and insect pests of grass mold and their control measures are introduced as follows: first, common diseases 1, leaf spot disease. Mainly harmful leaves, the typical symptoms to the disease spot as the center is gray or grayish brown round spots, surrounded by purple-brown, shaped like snake eyes. The disease is easy to occur when it is warm and humid, and the disease occurs first in the old leaves, and gradually extends to the whole plant. Before blossom and bear fruit, the disease is mild, begin to pick? It happens a lot after collection. 2. Powdery mildew. The disease is easy to occur in the whole plant, and dark stains occur when the leaves are killed, of different sizes, followed by white powdery plaques on the back of the leaves, reddish-brown disease spots in the later stage, leaf margin atrophy and scorch. The fruit is damaged in the early stage, that is, it stops developing and dries up. If it is damaged in the later stage, a layer of white powder is produced on the surface. It can occur continuously in the whole growing season and do great harm. 3.Botrytis cinerea. As for the main diseases that occur after flowering, the pathogen invades the small fruit first, and the fruit surface that comes into contact with the soil occurs first, then along the fruit. Peduncle spread to peduncle, dry rot withered. When encroaching on the changed fruit, it becomes dark brown after the appearance of water-stained light brown patches, and a layer of gray mold appears on the surface, which makes the fruit soft rot. Botrytis cinerea blows away with the wind and spreads to other fruits to cause disease. 4. Root rot. Starting from the lower leaf, the edge of the leaf turns reddish brown, gradually withered upward, and even withered, and the branch root begins in the middle. It turns dark brown and rotten, and the central column of the root is red. 5. Yellow blight. Also known as bacterial wilt, at the beginning of the disease, the stems and leaves atrophied during the day, recovered in the evening, withered and died after 3 days. When the diseased stem is squeezed by hand, there is turbid white mucus outflowing. the pathogen is mainly left in the soil with the diseased plant and can survive for several years. when the conditions are suitable, it is easy to invade from the root or stem wound, strawberry continuous cropping or vegetable berry continuous cropping is often prone to serious disease. or even cause a large number of deaths? No harvest. Second, the main prevention and control measures: 1, give priority to comprehensive prevention. Strengthen field management, cultivate strong seedlings, carry out 2-3 years of crop rotation, transplant with soil in the clear sky, avoid damage to roots and stems, timely cover film, build sheds, manage diligently, remove diseased fruits and dead leaves in time, pull out diseased plants, concentrate and bury them deeply or burn them. Keep the strawberry orchard clean and ventilated, pay attention to ventilation in the shed, reduce the harm of humidity and exhaust gas. 2. Disinfect the soil before planting. Before transplanting strawberries, use 40% asparagus green powder 600 times liquid, pour on the border, and then cover the soil, flatten and transplant, in order to effectively kill the bacteria in the soil, reduce the number of bacteria in the field, and reduce the chance of infection. 3. Regular spraying prevention and treatment. During the strawberry growing season, the strawberry is usually sprayed once every 10 seconds and 15 days, with 40% asparagus green powder 500? Double the spray of agricultural streptomycin 150PPm mixture. If the disease occurs, the root should be watered once, and the root should be re-sprayed once every 5 days. Spray 2Mel three times in a row, add agricultural streptomycin 250PPm when yellow blight occurs, do not spray when the humidity in the greenhouse is too high, can you use it? "Yixunling" was fumigated and re-fumigated once after 7 days. If powdery mildew occurs, you can use 20% triadimefon 1000 murine 2000 times solution, gray mold? The disease can be sprayed alternately with 1000 times solution of 50% Sukeling and asparagus green medicine solution, and the effect is better. Third, common pests and the main pests to control strawberries are aphids, red spiders, Spodoptera litura larvae and so on. Aphids can be sprayed with 1000 times of 20% aphid, red spiders can be sprayed with 2.5% Uranus or 73% propargite 2000 times, and Spodoptera litura larvae can be sprayed with 5% Yitaibao 1000 times solution.