Grafting culture technique of dwarf cherry

The cherry trees are too tall to grow in the greenhouse; it takes 5 to 6 years for natural production to bear fruit and 10 years later to enter the high yield period. The investment return period is long and the management cost is high. After years of exploration, fruit tree experts in China have studied the grafting of big cherry varieties with hairy cherry as rootstock and FL-80 plum as interstock, which has the advantages of early fruiting, high yield, stable yield, disease resistance and dwarfing, which provides a favorable basis for protected cultivation and container cultivation of cherry. The advantages of dwarfing big cherries: 1. It was planted in that year, flowered in the same year, and fruited more than 95% in the second year, which was 3 ~ 5 years earlier than Qiaohua cherry; the fourth year entered the semi-high yield period, and the yield of 667 square meters in the fifth year could reach 2000 kg; the dwarf cherry was easy to blossom, high fruit setting rate and very stable yield. two。 The tree body is short and compact, the tree height is less than 2.5 meters, pruning, spraying, anti-cracking fruit, harvesting and other management are convenient; no paclobutrazol control, reduce tree injury, dead trees; suitable for close planting. 3. The application of hairy cherry root system has developed root system, cold resistance, drought resistance, waterlogging resistance, lax requirements for soil acidity and alkalinity, and high resistance to root cancer, which expands the cultivation area. 4. The quality of fruit was improved and the problem of low yield and poor quality of dwarfing seedlings was solved. Due to the use of paclobutrazol, the taste of the fruit was significantly enhanced, and the sugar content of the fruit was 1% higher than that of Qiaohua cherry. Cultivation of dwarf cherry seedlings: 1. Wild cherry root system was selected as the preferred root system on the rootstock, because it had the advantages of strong resistance to underground insect pests, strong resistance to cold, strong resistance to drought and waterlogging, strong resistance to acid and alkali, tolerance to fertilization, tolerance to fertilizer damage, good resistance to root damage, developed root system and long tree age. Wild apricot and wild peach roots can also be used, these two kinds of roots are poor waterlogging resistance, only suitable for waterlogging plot cultivation, the above three kinds of roots are better than Shandong grass cherry, Daqingye, Benxi mountain cherry, Cote, and completely solve the problem of serious dead trees caused by poor roots. two。 Seedling grafting sows the seeds of hairy cherry (also known as wild cherry) in spring. From August to September of that year, using hairy cherry as the rootstock, the grafted ears of current plums with the same thickness as the rootstock were grafted at the ground of 2cm to 4cm, and the D-shaped bud grafting method had the best effect. Every 6-7 months, that is, from March to April of the second year, cut the anvil at 0.5 cm above the junction of the plum bud and the rootstock and remove the budding rope, and then wipe off the new sprouting of the rootstock at any time. From June to July of that year, using plum buds as interstocks, cherry scions with the same thickness as interstocks were grafted on interstocks by bud grafting. The budding place should be 2-3 cm away from the upper end of the joint between the interstock and the anvil, and retain a certain length of the interstock, cut off the rest. When the cherry buds grow to 14-16 cm, cut the interstock 0.5-1.5 cm above the junction of the cherry buds and the interstock and unbind the buds. At this time, the grafting of the whole dwarf cherry seedlings was completed, and then fertilized and fertilized until it came out of the nursery in early November.