How to manage and protect young cherry trees in autumn and winter

1. Autumn management. 1. Sparse planting. Sweet cherry is a light-loving tree species. in order to ensure the ventilation and light of the whole tree, some overlapping main branches or those close to the main branches that can not cover the space on the main branches should be removed as soon as possible, and the erect and lateral branches on the main branches which can not occupy full space should be properly cut to promote the development of new branches and form new fruiting branches. 2. Pull branches and pick the heart. For the sturdy branches with poor softening effect, the effect of pulling branches in autumn is better than that in spring and summer, which can balance the development of all buds and reduce the number of erect branches on the back. In order to ensure the fullness of the branches, pick the heart before and after, which is conducive to safe overwintering. 3. Weeding and destroying wasteland. Spray traceless + Yi A mixture after rain to control the growth of weeds. However, it is necessary to prevent the medicine from being sprayed on the leaves to cause drug damage. 4. Loosen the soil and apply fertilizer. Topdressing plants applied 0.5 kg of special fertilizer for fruit trees + potassium sulfate (4 ∶ 1). 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate was added during each spray to protect the leaves in the later stage. Base fertilizer was applied in late October, human dung and urine + cow manure (or chicken manure) + sand mixed pile, 50kg per plant, 1.5 meters away from the trunk. Appropriate amount of water should be irrigated after each fertilization. After fertilization and watering in autumn, when the soil is not sticky, the whole garden will be ploughed once, which will improve the soil permeability and be beneficial to the growth of root system. 5. Prevention and control of diseases and pests. Bridge worms, Dendrolimus punctatus and peach leaf moths that occur in autumn can be sprayed with 2.5% enemy killing 3000 times + methamidophos 1000 times. Second, winter management. 1. Clear the garden in early winter. In early winter, clean up fallen leaves in time, collect diseased fruits and branches, and burn them or bury them deeply to eliminate overwintering disease sources and reduce the occurrence of diseases and insect pests in the following year. 2. The trunk is painted white. Trunk whitening can avoid or reduce frost injury and sunburn, and can also eliminate diseases and insects lurking in tree trunks and bark cracks. Trunk whitening was carried out in early November. The raw materials of the whitening agent are lime, salt, stone-sulfur mixture and water, and the ratio is 12 ∶ 1 ∶ 2 ∶ 4003. The low temperature in winter has a great effect on sweet cherry, and the temperature of-15 ℃ will cause branches to dry up for underdeveloped shoots and weakly growing young trees. In order to ensure safe overwintering, one-year-old young trees should be ridged with crescent teeth at 50 cm north of the tree, with a length of 1.5 to 2 meters and a height of 0.5 meters. The ridge is covered with plastic film to protect against wind, cold, root and striping. 2-year-old young trees, for the weak growth of ridge film mulching, normal growth can not do ridge, only covered with plastic film. With the increase of tree age, crescent ridge and film mulching can be cancelled. 4. Pour frozen water. Frozen water should be poured thoroughly in mid-November to ensure the need for water in winter and spring and prevent winter drought and frost damage. 5. The tree plate is covered with grass. For the young trees more than 3 years old, in order to reduce the thickness of the permafrost layer, postpone the germination period of the following year and prevent the damage caused by late frost, the young trees can be covered with straw (wheat straw, rice straw, weeds, etc.) around the tree plate with a thickness of 10-15 cm. Press the soil around the edge of the crown to prevent the wind from blowing.