Key techniques of Cherry cultivation

As the saying goes, cherries are delicious and trees are hard to plant. The difficulty of planting trees is mainly determined by the characteristics of cherry roots. The root system of cherry is very shallow, so it is afraid of drought; the root system has a higher respiratory intensity, has more oxygen than other fruit trees, and is most afraid of waterlogging. If the accumulation of water in the rainy season lasts a little longer, it will affect root respiration, with light yellow leaves and heavy ones dying. If you want to plant live and good cherries, you must do a good job in orchard establishment, planting and subsequent water management. First, the choice of garden. Select the land with high topography, not easy to accumulate water, low groundwater level, neutral or slightly acidic sandy loam with deep soil layer and good air permeability. If the soil quality is poor, soil improvement measures such as deep ploughing and organic fertilizer should be carried out before the construction of the garden, because cherries have high requirements for ecological conditions, deep living soil layer and strong soil fertility. only in this way can the cherry root system be developed, the tree potential be strong, the stress resistance be strong, and the fruit quality and yield are high. Especially the soil in the rhizosphere is difficult to improve after planting and establishing the garden. Second, irrigation and drainage design. There must be good irrigation and drainage facilities around the garden to ensure timely watering during drought and timely drainage and waterlogging prevention in the rainy season. For the new garden, the main ditch and branch ditch should be designed scientifically, and the plain or large plot of land had better be ridged and planted in order to make use of ridge and furrow irrigation and drainage. The infiltration to the root on the side of ridge and furrow irrigation can also avoid the consolidation of root soil after watering, which is beneficial to slow down the rooting of seedlings. Third, scientific planting 1, planting time: cherry planting is best in autumn, because of spring drought in the north, traditional spring planting increases the difficulty of water management. Moreover, if the spring planting is too early and the temperature is unstable, it is vulnerable to freezing damage; if it is planted too late in spring, it will sprout quickly and take root slowly, which will cause dead seedlings. Planted in autumn, it can slow down seedlings and sprout in the current season, and sprout early in the following spring, which is easy to form strong seedlings. After autumn planting, the soil should be buried to prevent frost before freezing. 2. Planting method: "small pit deep planting and shallow burying method" should be adopted. The traditional cultivation method of fruit trees dug a big hole is not suitable for cherries, because the cherry roots are shallow and not resistant to waterlogging, such as the cultivation of large pits, the soil in the pit is more pine than that around the pit, and it is easy to cause waterlogging in the rainy season, and dead seedlings will appear in serious cases. The "small pit deep planting and shallow burying method" means to dig out three or four shovels of soil, apply two shovels of soil fertilizer, mix the soil at the edge of the pit with the soil fertilizer in the pit, and then place the seedlings (select sturdy seedlings with well-developed roots), and cover a layer of shallow soil only to bury the original soil marks at the roots. Then the soil will be slightly compacted, so that the root neck is about 15 cm below the ground, forming a small tree nest under the seedling. In this way, "deep planting" reduces the center of gravity of seedlings and helps to resist lodging, while "shallow burying" is beneficial to root respiration, which makes seedlings slow, fast and grow well. 3. Water management. After planting, it should be watered frequently, but avoid flooding. Should be combined with the weather, drought is often watered, waterlogging is active drainage, to keep the rhizosphere soil surface dry and wet.