Simple control techniques of watermelon diseases

Before sowing, select the greenhouse that has not planted melon crops, or use the shed with high temperature in summer leisure period, in order to prevent the invasion of soil-borne diseases such as Fusarium wilt, sudden collapse, blight and anthracnose at seedling stage. Soak the seeds in 55 ℃ warm water for 10 minutes, stir continuously, cool and soak the seeds for 6 hours, then disinfect them with 10% trisodium phosphate for 30 minutes, then scrub with saturated lime water for 3 minutes for 5 minutes, finally rinse with clean water for 3 times, pick up the seeds and rub them with dry towels or dry them. The aim is to kill seed carriers: virus disease, anthracnose, vine blight, blight, angular spot and so on. Seedling raising, seedling bed management from December to January. Mix the seeds evenly with 0.5 kg of 50% carbendazim and 100 kg of fine dry soil per mu, or spray (sprinkle) a small amount of water or fine soil on the surface with 8 grams of 25% carbendazim wettable powder or 10 grams of 50% compound carbendazim suspension per square meter, turn evenly and sow seeds to prevent the occurrence of Fusarium wilt. The drug soil cover seed was made with metalaxyl or mixed seed ling or thiram per square meter of soil 8g / m ~ 10g / m ~ 2 to fine soil 8kg / m ~ 2 (upper cover and lower cushion: medicine soil 2cm / m ~ 3 on the top, 1pm on the bottom), which can prevent the occurrence of sudden fall and blight. If individual diseased plants are found in the seedling stage, they should be removed in time. Spray 10% Amisi up to 1500 times, 2% Haopu 500 times 800 times to prevent the disease. Grafting disease-proof watermelon with gourd and white-seeded pumpkin can effectively control the occurrence of Fusarium wilt. During the planting period, Fusarium wilt began to occur in early February. Fusarium wilt can be controlled with 300 times of watermelon stubble No. 1 and 250 ml per hole. During the spreading period, the greenhouse temperature was on the high side from early March to April, and various diseases began to occur. Poor ventilation, flood irrigation, easy to cause anthrax, corner spot, virus disease, vine blight, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, Fusarium wilt entered the peak period. Vertical cracking of stem caused by Fusarium wilt, vine blight and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Leaf blight caused by anthracnose, angular spot, virus, vine blight and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. The occurrence of the disease center strain should be timely dehumidification, medication, can be fumigated with chlorothalonil fumigant, or targeted medication. During this period, powdery mildew and blight began to occur, Fusarium wilt was prevalent, vine blight and virus disease were aggravated, and chemical control was given priority to. The biological pesticide Shikeduke (2% Ningnanmycin) 200 × 250 was sprayed before or at the initial stage of the virus disease, and prevented with aminooligosaccharins; agricultural anti-120 water agent was used to treat white paste disease and anthrax; and aluminum ethyl phosphate was used to control blight and Fusarium wilt. This period is the peak of disease occurrence. Fruit diseases include blight, angular spot, anthracnose, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and physiological diseases, such as malformed fruit, pot-bellied melon, hollow fruit, deformed fruit. Strengthen the management of temperature change, water and fertilizer, separate the melon from the ground, and find that the diseased melon should be removed in time and buried deep outside the shed.