Requirements for cultivation environmental conditions of watermelon
1. Soil condition cultivation of watermelon should choose soil loose, good air permeability, can drain, requires rich organic matter content, PH value 6.5 Mel 7.8, high dry terrain, convenient drainage and irrigation loam, soil salt concentration less than 0.2%, good growth. Watermelon field can not be continuous cropping, generally 5-6 years rotation, otherwise Fusarium wilt is serious. Stubble selection: the previous stubble has a great impact on the yield, quality and disease resistance of watermelon. Good previous stubble can improve yield and quality, increase disease resistance, and lay the foundation for high yield and harvest. The first crop of watermelon cultivation is wasteland, followed by second wasteland and cereal crop stubble, bean stubble and vegetable land are not ideal, melon stubble can not be planted continuously. two。 Temperature watermelon likes high temperature and dry climate and is not resistant to cold. The germination temperature is generally above 15 ℃, and the optimum germination temperature is 25 ℃ 30 min. The temperature of seedling emergence is above 15 ℃, and the optimum temperature is 25 ℃. The growth temperature is above 13 ℃, the highest is 40 ℃, and the optimum growth temperature is 18 ℃ 32 ℃. When the temperature difference between day and night was 8 ℃ and 16 min, watermelon accumulated more assimilation products, less respiratory consumption, high sugar content and good quality. 3. Watermelon continuous cropping obstacle is avoided. Soil disinfection and watermelon grafted seedling planting are the main measures to solve the continuous cropping obstacle of watermelon field. 4. Light watermelon likes sufficient light, light of more than 12 hours of 10 ℃ is beneficial to assimilation, and short sunshine of 8 hours and higher temperature of 27 minutes are beneficial to the formation of female flowers. 5. Water watermelon has a strong root system, drought tolerance, requires dry air, and the optimum air relative humidity is 50%. Watermelon needs a lot of water, but it is not resistant to waterlogging.
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Three measures for watermelon post-flowering management
It is difficult to set fruit if watermelon is in low temperature and rainy season with artificial pollination. On the one hand, the low temperature and rainy weather is not conducive to the activities of pollinators such as bees; on the other hand, the rain is too much, it is easy to wash away the pollen on the female flower stigma or make the pollen burst and lose the germination ability, and it is difficult to complete the fertilization.
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There is a good way to keep watermelons fresh for two months.
Chemical control began to spray at the initial stage of the disease, every 7 to 10 days, continuous prevention and treatment for 2 times. 68.75% DuPont EC 1000 times, 25% Shibaogong EC 1000 times 1500 times, 80% Sanderson wettable powder 600 times 800 times, 50% topazine wettable powder 1000 times, 40% Daco.
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