Key Technical points of Grape Spring Management

Spring is the season for grape sprouting, leaf spreading, branch elongation, heading, flowering and fruiting. Strengthening the management of grape in spring can improve the yield and quality of grape. From the middle and last ten days of February to the beginning of March, the budding water was irrigated and available nitrogen fertilizer was applied. Orchards with conditions at this stage should be irrigated in time to ensure neat sprouting. At this time, when flower buds continue to differentiate and new shoots begin to grow vigorously, they need a lot of nutrients, so mature human feces and urine are mixed with 0.2% urea, and the amount of fertilizer application accounts for about 15% of the whole year. From March to late April, shoot fixing, bud wiping, flower ear treatment and disease control. After winter refurbishment, 70% or 80% of the winter buds on the mother branch usually germinate, so attention should be paid to leaving buds at this time. Leaving too many buds is easy to waste nutrients, and the tree is weak, which is not conducive to fruit setting; but if there are too few buds, it is easy to promote the vigorous growth of branches and vines, which is easy to fall flowers and fruits, so we should pay attention to wiping buds and fixing shoots. Wiping buds: usually when multiple buds germinate on a fruiting mother branch, leave one bud every 15 to 20 centimeters, leaving 2 or 5 new shoots on each fruiting mother branch, and the rest are erased from the base. When wiping buds, generally erase the non-flowering spike buds or weak buds in the double buds, leaving only one tip in each bud eye. In order to ensure the yield, when the new shoot grows to 4 or 5 leaves, it can be decided according to whether the first roll of silk has a spike or not, but it is a waste of nutrients. Fixed shoot binding vine: the retained new shoot leaves 5 leaves above the flower ear before flowering, while the non-flowering leaves 8 leaves to pick the heart. After coring, a large number of secondary shoots germinated, leaving only 1 or 2 secondary shoots at the top and 2 leaves to pick the heart repeatedly, and the rest of the secondary shoots were all erased. At the same time, tie the vine at the right time according to the growth of the vine. Treatment of flower-fruit ear: in order to ensure the fruit-setting rate, the tip of flower ear 1-stroke-5 was usually removed by manual method, and 0.3% boron fertilizer and 0.5% urea were sprayed at flowering stage. Five days after flowering, the fruit trees with more fruit were thinned artificially and then bagged to protect them.