Requirements of banana on soil conditions

Bananas do not have strict requirements on soil conditions, regardless of plain and mountainous areas, all types of soil can grow. However, there are great differences in yield under different soil conditions. The root groups of plantain, powder banana and cow banana are sturdy and adaptable, the root group of banana is delicate, and the requirement of soil is strict. Under the condition of clay, hardening, impermeability and lack of nutrients, the plant grows slowly and weakly. The fruit is late, the yield is low and unstable, or it can be harvested only once every two years. Salty field, accumulated paddy field and cold paddy field are not suitable for planting bananas. Local experience shows that bananas should have the following soil conditions: 1. The physical properties are good. The soil with good physical properties has more pores, which is beneficial to the infiltration of air and water. Whether it is alluvial loam, clay loam, sandy loam or silty loam, whether it is plain or hillside, the plots with good physical properties are suitable for planting bananas. Due to the lack of aggregate structure, the soil with poor physical properties often accumulates water seriously after rain and solidifies like stone during drought, which is extremely disadvantageous to the growth of shallow fleshy roots of banana. In this kind of soil, even if bananas can grow, the yield is not high. two。 The water table is low. Groundwater level is an important condition for increasing yield of banana plantation in plain. The groundwater level is too high, which affects the activity of soil microorganisms, soil permeability and soil fertilizer conservation capacity, so it directly affects the development of root groups. Generally in the banana garden in the water network area, the groundwater level should be below 45 cm. In the area with high groundwater level, if the land is flooded by a storm, it will cause leaf dysplasia, reduce the yield, and in serious cases, the root group will die and the whole plant will die. 3. The soil layer is deep and rich in soil organic matter. Soil depth is closely related to soil fertilizer conservation, water retention capacity and air permeability. The deep soil layer promotes the good development of roots and enhances the stress resistance of plants. If the soil surface is shallow, rust water will flow out if dug down a foot, the banana root group can not be deep and long, the plant growth is thin, and it is easy to be affected by the external environment. This kind of soil must be modified by the application of a large amount of waste fertilizer and pond mud before it can be planted. It is better to plant bananas on slopes and highlands to the south, east and southeast. Neither north nor west is suitable, because the banana garden to the west is exposed to the hot sun, the soil is easy to dry, and the fruit is prone to sunburn disease, while the banana garden to the north is vulnerable to the frost and snow attacked by the north wind, which is disadvantageous to the growth of bananas. Choose a ventilated place close to the river to plant, which can reduce the harm of frost. In order to achieve high quality and high yield of bananas, it is recommended to use soil conditioner without deep ploughing, with a dosage of 200kg / mu and 100kg / mu of water sprayed on the soil surface. The function of no-deep tillage: increase the permeability and porosity of the soil, facilitate the infiltration of air and water, benefit the growth and development of banana root system and improve the nutrient utilization efficiency of banana.