Technology of balanced fertilization for Loquat

According to the characteristics of fertilizer requirement, the growth of branches, roots and fruit development of loquat, the suitable fertilization period, fertilizer type, quantity and fertilization methods (pouring, hole application, furrow application or soil mulching after application, etc.) were determined. pay attention to the reasonable combination of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and organic fertilizer with inorganic fertilizer. The main results are as follows: (1) fertilization for young trees: young orchards mainly promote vegetative growth and cultivate crowns with strong branches and luxuriant leaves, which lays a good foundation for high and stable yield in the future. The root system of young loquat trees is thin and weak, and the absorption capacity of fertilizer is poor. Fertilization should be applied thinly, mainly nitrogen and phosphorus. After the first year of planting, the first mature new shoots and the second new shoots are fertilized, urea 5g 10g, calcium superphosphate about 10g, dilute manure water 3~5kg to promote the germination and ripening of new shoots. In the future, with the increase of tree age, the amount of fertilizer application can be gradually increased, and master "one shoot and two fertilizers", that is, fertilization before and after new shoot germination. (2) fertilization of fruiting trees: it can be divided into three times. The first application of strong fruit fertilizer (spring shoot fertilizer) was from January to early February, accounting for about 30% of the total amount of fertilizer applied in the whole year, mainly available fertilizer, compound fertilizer 0.5~1kg potash fertilizer 0.5kg, and lime 1-1.5kg at the same time. This fertilization can not only promote a large number of spring shoots in time, promote and thicken the growth of branches, enhance the tree potential, but also greatly increase the fruit setting rate, promote the rapid expansion of young fruits, reduce acid and increase sweetness, and improve quality and yield. The second fruit-picking fertilizer (summer shoot fertilizer) was applied after fruit harvest, accounting for about 50% of the total amount of fertilizer applied in the whole year, mainly available nitrogen fertilizer, combined with organic fertilizer (green manure, cake fertilizer, compost, etc.) and phosphate fertilizer, 10~15kg, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer 1~2kg, compound fertilizer 0.75~1kg, urea 0.5~1kg, lime 1~1.5kg. This fertilization is very important, it can quickly restore the tree potential, focus on a large number of strong and neat summer shoots, enrich the fruiting mother branches, and promote the good differentiation of flower buds. The third application of flower-promoting fertilizer was generally applied before flowering of loquat, accounting for about 20% of the total amount of fertilizer applied in the whole year, mainly with late-acting human and animal manure water plus phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, plant application of compound fertilizer 0.5~1kg, organic fertilizer (pig manure) 15~20kg, ring-shaped ditch application. This fertilization can not only promote the flowering, floral organ development and fruit setting rate of loquat, but also improve the overwintering ability of young loquat fruit. it is a very important yield-increasing measure to prevent the annual fruit of loquat and ensure high and stable yield every year.