Scientific fertilization method of bitter gourd
Balsam pear (Momordica charantia L.) is an annual climbing herb with developed root system and many lateral roots, which is fertilizer-tolerant but not barren-tolerant. According to the characteristics of fertilizer tolerance but barren tolerance of balsam pear, sufficient base fertilizer should be applied, such as 1500 kg of rotten pig and cow manure per mu and 30 kg of phosphate fertilizer. Spring balsam pear can be fertilized less in seedling stage, and summer balsam pear should pay attention to topdressing frequently after cotyledons are opened. During flowering and fruiting, heavy fertilizer should be applied 1-2 times, generally combined with soil cultivation, 25 kg of cooked cake fertilizer per mu or 40 kg of high-efficiency organic mixed fertilizer per mu. After the beginning of melon harvest or the first harvest, 75 kg compound fertilizer per mu was used to fertilize once, and then human feces and urine were applied after each harvest. Results in the peak period, calcium superphosphate should be applied once to prolong the harvest time and promote the improvement of yield and quality.
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Pollution-free and efficient cultivation techniques of balsam pear in greenhouse
1. Grafting seedling cultivation 1. Seedling raising method rootstock uses nutrition bowl to raise seedlings and scion uses pure soil to raise seedlings to strictly prevent the infection of soil-borne diseases. Momordica charantia seeds were soaked in 800-fold 75% methyl topiramate solution for 12 hours, then soaked in clean water for 16 hours to dry, buried in sand for 2 days, and sterilized with pentachloronitrobenzene.
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It is not advisable to apply topdressing to balsam pear.
At present, the common way of topdressing for vegetable farmers who grow balsam pear is to apply fertilizer with water, which can evenly apply fertilizer to the soil, but it is not advisable to use this way of topdressing. The reason is that the planting density of balsam pear is relatively small, with only 200 to 300 plants per mu and 3 to 6 plants per row.
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