Main Diseases and Control methods of Waxberry

1. Bayberry cancer disease 1. Symptoms: red bayberry cancer disease is a bacterial disease. Mainly damage the branches of 2-3-year-old fruit trees, mostly form tumors on the branches, the tumor is nearly spherical, the size is different, the cork is very hard, brown to dark brown. In general, the tumor on the branch began to increase in the first ten days of April, and increased most rapidly from July to August. Stop expanding after November. 2. Occurrence regularity. The pathogen overwintered as bacteria in the tumor tissue of the branches of diseased trees. In the following spring, when the weather is wet, bacterial fluid exudates from the surface of the tumor, which is spread by wind and rain and invades the branches from the wounds and leaf scars. In the growing season, it can cause multiple infections, resulting in the epidemic of diseases. 3. Prevention and control measures. Select disease-resistant varieties. Such as litchi species, Ding Meimei shepherd species and so on. Before the bacteria are scraped off from the tumor, coated with 402 antibiotics 700 times solution, or sterilized with 100 times copper sulfate solution, it is beneficial to grow new cortex and restore tree potential. Cut off the diseased branches of diseased trees in time, burn them centrally, and eradicate the pathogen. When picking fruit, try to avoid damage to the branches and reduce the wound. In winter, combined with pruning, the diseased and weak branches were retracted, at the same time, the dense branches and overgrown branches were removed, and all the withered branches, fallen leaves, weeds and fruit stones in the garden were removed and burned. 2. Bayberry brown spot 1. Etiology: red bayberry brown spot is a fungal disease, which is the most extensive and most harmful disease in Shexian County. The causes of the disease are: there are many Rain Water in ⑴ from May to June, the humidity in the garden is high, and it is suitable for the spread of bacteria; ⑵ management is extensive, ventilation and light transmission is poor, tree potential is weak and disease resistance is poor; ⑶ soil is barren and hardened, high temperature and dry, it is not conducive to bayberry to form root nodules, tree potential is weak, easy to occur. 2. Symptoms. About May, one or several brown spots were formed on the leaves, and then the leaves rotted and fell off, forming perforations, affecting vegetative growth, tree potential decline, into semi-withered branches, withered branches, and even death. 3. Prevention and control measures. Strict seedling quarantine, put an end to the entry of germs; select red or yellow soil plots with good drainage and gravel, semi-shady gentle slope; avoid continuous cropping; strengthen soil and fertilizer management, combined with deep ploughing and soil improvement, apply more organic fertilizer and plant ash, etc.; reasonable pruning, improve ventilation and light transmission conditions; clean the litter and branches in the garden and burn them centrally. The chemical treatment can be treated with 1RV 2RV 100 Bordeaux solution or 65% mancozeb 500 times solution, spraying once in mid-late April, mid-May and after fruit harvest, which can effectively control the occurrence of the disease. Third, bayberry dry blight 1, symptoms: bayberry dry blight is more common, generally into the full fruit stage of the fruit tree disease more, harming the growth of branches. The initial symptom is irregular dark brown spot, and then the spot expands with the development of the disease. The disease spot extends up and down the branches, even around the branches for a week. The water loss on the surface of the disease spot is slightly sunken, dry and does not fall off, and the xylem gradually dries up. The upper leaves of the diseased branches became smaller, wrinkled, grew slowly, fallen leaves and fruits. 2. Control measures: select varieties with strong disease resistance and plant different varieties reasonably. Strengthen the cultivation management and keep the orchard ventilated and transparent. After entering the full fruit period, a large amount of organic fertilizer and plant ash should be added to restore the tree potential and enhance the disease resistance of the tree. Before the possible invasion of bacteria, spray 70% methyl topiramate 1000-1500 times, or 50% carbendazim 600,800 times, can also be sprayed 2-3 times in a row with 100 Bordeaux solution. Timely detection of disease spots, direct scraping, brushing Bordeaux solution for 2 times in a row, can effectively prevent the invasion of bacteria.