Key techniques for high yield of wax gourd seeds

1. Sowing at the right time and cultivating strong seedlings should arrange the sowing date according to the local climatic conditions and strive to set fruit before the rainy season. Generally, the seeds were sown from late February to mid-March, and the seedlings were raised with heat preservation seedbed and nutrition bowl, and the amount of seeds per mu was about 100g. Soak the seeds in hot water at about 70 degrees before sowing, let them cool down naturally, and germinate at 25-30 degrees after soaking for 1 hour. After the seeds germinate, always check the germination bed and pick up the germinated seeds and sow them in a prepared nutrition bowl. In the seedling stage, we should do a good job of cold prevention and heat preservation, and heat up the hotline or incandescent lamp in the seedling bed in case of cold wave. The principle of humidity control is to see the dry and wet, and to refine the seedlings 10 days before planting. 2. Isolation in order to maintain the purity of varieties, species should be isolated among different varieties. It is generally required that there are no other wax gourd varieties or melon production within 500m around the seed production field. 3. Land preparation and planting should avoid continuous cropping, and the plots that have not been planted with wax gourd for more than 2 years should be selected, which requires high topography, loose soil, fertile soil, convenient drainage and irrigation, rain stop ditch dry. Generally, the box is opened by 4.5m, the ditch depth is 0.2m, the width is 0.5m, the box shape is turtle back, the surface of the box is smooth, the soil is fine. The length of the chamber is about 30m, and the waist groove is 0.3m deep, and the peri-groove depth is 0.35m. The bottom fertilizer was applied about 0.35m from the edge of the ditch on both sides of the box, and the rotten barnyard manure 3000kg and compound fertilizer 60kg were applied per mu, and finally the planting row was laid with plastic film 1m wide. In the first and middle of April, melon seedlings were planted with 2 or 3 true leaves, with a distance of 0.45 m and 600 plants per mu. 4. Field management 1) after water and fertilizer management survived, when 2-3 true leaves of seedlings were extracted with clear dung water, inverted vine fertilizer was applied to each plant through the hole covered with plastic film, urea 15kg per mu and compound fertilizer 30kg per mu, paying attention to no fertilization from this fertilization to the fruit-setting period. After fruit setting, when the weight of melon is about 500g, topdressing and watering should be done in time, and 20kg urea should be applied per mu. Pay attention to waterlogging prevention on rainy days, and irrigate "horse racing water" when melon leaves wilt in high temperature and drought, once every 5 minutes and 7 days. 2) after the vines are reversed, the vines should be trimmed. Leave a thick side vine on the main vine before fruit setting, and let it grow after fruit setting. Press the vine once when the vine length is 0.5m. At the same time, let the two rows of vines crawl relative to each other, so that the vines are neatly arranged and do not cross each other. Generally take two vines and one melon when keeping the seed, and the 2nd-4th female flower of the main vine is the best. If the nutritional condition is good, you can try to leave another melon on the side vine. 3) Auxiliary pollination should be carried out during flowering in order to increase fruit setting rate and seed yield. Wax gourd flowers are in full bloom at about 7 o'clock in the morning, when the newly blooming male flowers are collected, the pollen is dipped in with a brush, or the pollen is fully pollinated on the stigma of the female flower directly with the male flower, the artificial pollination work should be completed before 10:00 in the morning, or the bees can be released at the flowering stage to assist pollination. 4) after sitting down, the melon should be covered with withered grass to prevent rotten melon; when exposed to high temperature and strong sun, grass should be covered on the melon to avoid sunburn and do a good job in pest control. 5. Seed and plant selection of wax gourd is divided into two steps. Generally, when the young fruit weight is about 500g, healthy plants with typical characteristics of this variety are selected as remaining plants, and miscellaneous plants, mutant plants and diseased plants are removed in time. Make another choice when harvesting old ripe melons. Guangdong green wax gourd usually ripens about 40 days after fruit setting. In the process of production, when 50% of 60% of the dwarf female flowers are in bloom, the female flowers that have opened should be marked. 40 days after marking, these melons should be harvested according to their maturity, and it is better to harvest before most of the leaves of the plant remain green and do not wither. After harvesting, the melon was ripened for 15 days in a cool and dry place, and the seeds were picked up after the physiological maturity of the seeds. 6. Seed picking, seed drying and storage selecting fine weather to pick up seeds. When taking seeds, generally choose the seeds in the middle of the fruit with thick meat and small cavity, knead and separate the seed pulp, rinse it with water, and scrub the seeds to no mucus before drying. It should not be filled in an iron container during operation to prevent the seed color from darkening. Seeds can not be directly spread out on the cement ground, it is best to put on bamboo utensils, the thinner the better, try to dry the seed coat on the first day, but can not be exposed to the sun, so as to prevent the seed coat from cracking due to dehydration too quickly. Do not pile up before fully drying, and the seeds should be stored in a cool and dry environment after being fully dried. Through several years of production practice, according to this method of seed production, the average seed yield per mu is increased to 25kg, and the highest yield can reach 40kg.